All articles starting with P
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Pygame
Pygame is a Python extension library wrapping the SDL library, providing cross-platform tools for writing games and other multimedia applications in Python; Pete Shinners began it in October 2000.
Pygmalion (1938 film)
Pygmalion (1938) is a British film of Shaw's 1913 play, directed by Anthony Asquith and Leslie Howard, produced by Gabriel Pascal, starring Howard and Wendy Hiller, edited by David Lean; Shaw's Oscar-winning screenplay inspired My Fair Lady.
Pygmalion (play)
Pygmalion is George Bernard Shaw's 1912 comedy play, first staged in 1913, in which phonetics professor Henry Higgins transforms Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle into a lady; it inspired the musical My Fair Lady.
Pygmalion (Πυγμαλίων) (mythology)
Pygmalion (Πυγμαλίων), Cypriot king or sculptor of Greek myth, loved an ivory statue animated by Aphrodite; best known from Ovid's Metamorphoses 10.243–297, unnamed there, later called Galatea.
Pygmalion effect
Pygmalion effect: one person's expectations for another become self-fulfilling prophecy, from Rosenthal and Jacobson's 1968 Oak School study; also called interpersonal expectancy effect, distinct from the Golem and Galatea effects.
Pygmalion of Tyre
Pygmalion, also called Pigmalion, was a king of Tyre who reigned c. 841–794 BC, the last ruler named in Josephus's Tyrian king list down to Carthage's founding.
PygmalionAI
PygmalionAI is an open-source project and company, founded in late 2022, that develops large language models for chat and role-play and a hosted chat platform.
Pygmy dipole resonance
The pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) is a concentration of low-energy electric dipole strength in atomic nuclei, often pictured as neutron skin oscillating against the core.
Pygmy hippopotamus
Pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis, formerly Hexaprotodon liberiensis), a small endangered forest hippo of West Africa's Upper Guinean forests in Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone; 160–275 kg, solitary, nocturnal, with 2,000–2,500 left in the wild.
Pygmy marmoset
Pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea), smallest New World monkey at about 119 g, a gum-feeding primate of western Amazon river-edge forests; two species split by the Solimões River, IUCN Vulnerable from habitat loss and pet trade.
Pygmy peoples
Pygmy peoples: generic term for short-statured Central African forest hunter-gatherer groups (Aka, Baka, Mbuti, Efe, Twa) across nine countries, trading with Bantu farmers; 250,000–920,000 people.
Pygope
Pygope (Link, 1830) is an extinct Terebratulida brachiopod genus of the Pygopidae, known for smooth bipartite shells with a central keyhole perforation, living from the late Oxfordian to late Barremian in Tethyan seas.
Pygoscelis
Pygoscelis (brush-tailed penguins), genus Pygoscelis Wagler 1832: Adélie, chinstrap, and gentoo penguins of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, differing in sea-ice dependence, migration, and climate response.
Pyhäjärvi (lake, Finland)
Pyhäjärvi (Säkylän Pyhäjärvi) is a 155 km² shallow lake in southwestern Finland, its largest lake, a mesotrophic, highly productive vendace and whitefish fishery under protection since 1995.
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (ပြည်ထောင်စုလွှတ်တော်, Assembly of the Union) is Myanmar's bicameral national legislature under the 2008 Constitution, comprising the Pyithu Hluttaw and Amyotha Hluttaw, first convened in 2011.
Pykrete
Pykrete, also known as Icecrete or Pikecrete, is a composite material of frozen water and wood pulp that turns brittle ice ductile and impact resistant.
Pyla-Kokkinokremos
Pyla-Kokkinokremos, also known as Kokkinokremmos, is a short-lived fortified Late Bronze Age settlement on the south coast of Cyprus, abandoned suddenly early in the 12th century BC.
Pyle disease
Pyle disease (metaphyseal dysplasia, familial metaphyseal dysplasia, OMIM 265900) is a rare autosomal recessive SFRP4-related bone dysplasia with Erlenmeyer flask metaphyses, thin cortex, fractures, genu valgum, and dental anomalies.
Pylint
Pylint is a static code analyzer for Python that examines source code without running it, checking for errors, enforcing coding standards, and suggesting refactoring since 2003.
Pylodictis olivaris
Pylodictis olivaris, the flathead catfish or mudfish, a large ictalurid catfish native to the Mississippi River basin and Gulf Slope, introduced in at least 13 U.S. states; live-prey piscivore, up to 155 cm and 56 kg.
Pyloric stenosis
Congenital (infantile) hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, IHPS: pyloric muscle hypertrophy narrowing the gastric outlet, causing projectile non-bilious vomiting at 2-6 weeks; treated by Ramstedt pyloromyotomy after fluid correction.
Pyloromyotomy
Pyloromyotomy is a procedure that divides the muscle of the pylorus, the stomach's outlet, used mainly for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in infants and, as endoscopic G-POEM, for refractory gastroparesis.
Pyloroplasty
Pyloroplasty is a surgical operation that widens the pyloric valve between the stomach and duodenum, most often the Heineke-Mikulicz technique, to treat gastroparesis refractory to medication.
Pylorus
Pylorus: the stomach-duodenum junction with the pyloric sphincter, a smooth-muscle valve regulating gastric emptying. Key disorders are pyloric stenosis, gastroparesis-related pylorospasm, and bile reflux; G-POEM treats refractory gastroparesis.
Pylos (Πύλος)
Pylos (Πύλος), medieval Navarino, is a town in Messenia, Greece, home to the Mycenaean Palace of Nestor and its ~1,100 Linear B tablets, the 425 BC Spartan surrender at Sphacteria, and the 1827 Battle of Navarino.
Pylos/Koryphasion
Pylos/Koryphasion: ancient town on the Koryphasion promontory at the Bay of Navarino, Messenia; Athenian fortified camp of 425 BC and site of the Spartan surrender on Sphakteria; distinct from the Palace of Nestor at Epano Englianos.
Pylyp Orlyk
Pylyp Orlyk (Пилип Орлик), born 1672 and died 1742, was hetman of Ukraine in exile from 1710, elected at Bendery after Mazepa's defeat, and author of the Bendery Constitution, an early European constitutional project.
Pymatgen
Pymatgen, short for Python Materials Genomics, is a robust open-source Python library for materials analysis founded by Shyue Ping Ong that powers the Materials Project and is used by thousands of researchers.
Pymetrozine
Pymetrozine (CGA-215944; Fulfill, Endeavor) is a pyridine azomethine insecticide, IRAC group 9B, that modulates chordotonal organ TRPV channels of sap-sucking insects, stopping feeding; registered 1999, later restricted in the EU and Canada.
PyMOL
PyMOL is a molecular visualization system for rendering and producing publication-quality images of proteins and biomolecules, created by Warren DeLano and first released in December 1999.