All articles starting with P
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Pysanka
Pysanka (Ukrainian: писанка; plural pysanky, from pysaty, "to write") is a Ukrainian Easter egg decorated by a wax-resist method, an ancient symbol of Ukrainian culture.
PySCF
PySCF (Python-based Simulations of Chemistry Framework) is a free, open-source quantum chemistry package for electronic structure calculations on molecules and periodic solids, begun by Qiming Sun.
pytest
pytest is a testing framework for Python, born in the PyPy project and first released in 2008, known for plain assert statements, a fixture system, and more than 1,300 plugins.
Pythagoras (lunar crater)
Pythagoras is a large lunar impact crater on the Moon's northern nearside, about 145 km across, named for the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras of Samos.
Pythagoras (Πυθαγόρας)
Pythagoras (Πυθαγόρας), ca. 570–490 BCE, Greek philosopher of Samos and Croton, founder of Pythagoreanism: taught metempsychosis and a strict way of life; wrote nothing; the theorem bearing his name is attested only a millennium later.
Pythagorean cup
The Pythagorean cup, also called the greedy cup or Tantalus cup, is a drinking cup with a hidden siphon that drains all its contents when filled above a set level.
Pythagorean theorem
The Pythagorean theorem, also known as Pythagoras's theorem, states that in a right triangle with legs a and b and hypotenuse c, a² + b² = c².
Pythagorean triple
A Pythagorean triple is a set of three positive integers (a, b, c) with a² + b² = c², such as (3, 4, 5), the side lengths of a right triangle.
Pythagorean tuning
Pythagorean tuning, also called Pythagorean temperament or Three-limit tuning, is a tuning system deriving all intervals from pure perfect fifths, dominant in Western music until about 1500.
Pythagoreanism
Pythagoreanism, the Greek philosophy of Pythagoras (ca. 570–490 BCE) and his followers, taught metempsychosis and a structured way of life; later 'mathematical' Pythagoreans like Philolaus and Archytas made number the key to reality, influencing Plato and Neopythagoreanism.
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos: Greek UNESCO World Heritage site (1992) pairing the fortified ancient city of Samos with the sanctuary of Hera, featuring the 1,036 m Eupalinus tunnel and successive giant Ionic temples under Polycrates.
Pytheas
Pytheas of Massalia was a Greek navigator and astronomer who sailed from Marseille to Britain and the far north around 330 BCE, describing Thule and the midnight sun.
Pythia
Pythia (Πυθία) was the high priestess of Apollo at Delphi and the Oracle of Delphi's mouthpiece, named after Python. She sat on a tripod in the adyton, served for life, and gave responses until AD 394.
Pythia (model family)
Pythia is a suite of 16 open-source language models released by EleutherAI in 2023, ranging from 70M to 12B parameters, with 154 training checkpoints per model for studying how models learn.
Pythian Odes
The Pythian Odes (Πυθιονῖκαι) are twelve choral victory odes by the Greek poet Pindar, composed for victors at the Pythian Games at Delphi, including his longest ode, Pythian 4.
Pythiosis
Pythiosis is an often-fatal infection of humans and animals caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum, acquired from waterborne zoospores; treated mainly by surgery plus immunotherapy, with high mortality in dogs and vascular disease.
Pythium
Pythium, an oomycete water mold genus (not a true fungus) with over 200 species worldwide; causes damping-off, root rot, and Pythium blight; split into several genera in 2010.
Pythium ultimum
Pythium ultimum (Globisporangium ultimum), a soilborne oomycete necrotroph causing seed decay, damping-off, and root rot on many crops; cool, wet conditions favor it; genome lacks RXLR effectors and cutinases.
Python (film)
Python (2000) is an American made-for-TV creature-feature horror film directed by Richard Clabaugh, starring Robert Englund, Casper Van Dien, and William Zabka, about a genetically engineered giant python loose after a military plane crash; it spawned Python 2 (2002).
Python (genus)
Python (genus), Daudin 1803, family Pythonidae; ten species of large constrictor snakes including the Burmese python, Indian rock python, and ball python, native to Africa and Asia and heavily traded for skins.
Python (programming language)
Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, prized for readable syntax and widely used in web development and data science.
Python (Πύθων) (mythology)
Python (Πύθων), the giant serpent-son of Gaia guarding Delphi's old oracle, slain by Apollo, who named the site Pytho from the rotting carcass; source of Pythia, Pythios, and Pythian Games.
Python (פיתון) (missile)
The Python is a family of short-range infrared-homing air-to-air missiles developed by Israel's Rafael Advanced Defense Systems since the 1980s, including the imaging-infrared Python-5, used in combat in 2006.
Python 5
Python 5 is a fifth-generation short-range air-to-air missile made by Israel's Rafael, with an imaging infrared seeker that locks on after launch for full-sphere engagement, and it also equips the SPYDER air defense system.
Python bivittatus
Python bivittatus, the Burmese python (formerly P. molurus bivittatus), a large Asian python listed IUCN Vulnerable, invasive in the Florida Everglades via the pet trade.
Python molurus
Python molurus, the Indian rock python, is a large non-venomous Asian constrictor snake; the Burmese python P. bivittatus was split from it in 2009. CITES Appendix I, ESA endangered, up to 6.4 m.
Python Package Index
The Python Package Index (PyPI) is the principal repository of software packages for the Python programming language, operated by the Python Software Foundation and installed with pip.
Python pickle
Python pickle is the standard Python module for serializing Python objects into byte streams; designed in 1995, it handles nearly any Python type but only Python can read it.
Python Software Foundation
The Python Software Foundation, or PSF, is a US nonprofit charity founded by Guido van Rossum in 2001 that holds Python's intellectual property and supports the Python community.
Python syntax and semantics
Python syntax and semantics: the rules defining valid Python programs and their execution meaning, described in the Python Language Reference. Dynamically typed, ABC-descended, annually released, formally modeled by semantics such as λπ.