All articles starting with R
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Rheumatism
Rheumatism (rheumatic disorder) is a non-specific, largely historical term for painful joint, muscle, and connective tissue conditions, from Greek rheuma, "flow"; now replaced by named diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease causing symmetrical joint inflammation, mainly in hands, wrists, and feet; women are affected two to three times more than men, treated with DMARDs, biologics, and JAK inhibitors.
Rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy
Rheumatoid arthritis in pregnancy usually improves, though relapse affects roughly a third of women, postpartum flares are common, and medication changes should be planned before conception.
Rheumatoid factor
Rheumatoid factor (RF): autoantibodies against the Fc portion of IgG, discovered by Waaler (1940) and Rose (1948). IgM-RF is the standard RA diagnostic test; also positive in SLE, Sjögren's, infections, and healthy elderly.
Rheumatoid factor positive
Rheumatoid factor positive: a blood test result detecting RF, an autoantibody against the Fc region of IgG (Waaler-Rose test). Found in 70–90% of rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's, hepatitis C, and 10–25% of healthy elderly; anti-CCP is more specific.
Rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Polyarticular rheumatoid-factor-positive juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a rare JIA subtype, typically starting in adolescence, in which arthritis affects five or more joints and rheumatoid factor is positive.
Rheumatologists
Rheumatologists are internal medicine subspecialists who diagnose and treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of joints, muscles, and connective tissues; US projections show severe workforce shortages, especially in nonmetropolitan areas.
Rheumatology
Rheumatology is the medical specialty concerned with the investigation, diagnosis, and management of arthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions, including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of joints, bones, and connective tissue.
RHex
RHex (Robot Hexapod) is an untethered six-legged robot with compliant, half-circular legs, the first legged machine to achieve autonomous locomotion faster than one body length per second.
Rhi Jeffrey
Rhi Jeffrey (Rhiannon Rhae Jeffrey), American swimmer born 1986 in Delray Beach, Florida; 2004 Athens Olympic gold medalist in the 4x200m freestyle relay, 2003 double world champion, later New Hampshire club coach and Atlantis Aquatics owner.
Rhian Brewster
Rhian Joel Brewster (born 2000) is an English forward at Derby County; ex-Chelsea and Liverpool academy striker, 2017 U-17 World Cup Golden Boot winner, Swansea loanee, and Sheffield United's £23.5m record signing.
Rhian Ramos
Rhian Ramos (Rhian Denise Ramos Howell, born 1990) is a Filipino actress, model, singer, host, and race car driver at GMA Network, known for Captain Barbell, The Rich Man's Daughter, villain Mitena in Encantadia Chronicles: Sang'gre, and Taskforce Firewall.
Rhianna Pratchett
Rhianna Pratchett, British video game writer and narrative designer, daughter of Terry Pratchett; lead writer of Tomb Raider (2013) and Rise of the Tomb Raider, also Heavenly Sword, Overlord, Mirror's Edge; WGA award winner.
Rhiannon
Rhiannon (Rigantona, "great queen") is the otherworldly horsewoman of the First and Third Branches of the Mabinogi, wife of Pwyll and Manawydan, mother of Pryderi, owner of the sleep-bringing Birds of Rhiannon, and namesake of Fleetwood Mac's 1976 hit.
Rhiannon (song)
"Rhiannon" is a 1975 Fleetwood Mac song written by Stevie Nicks, inspired by Mary Leader's novel Triad and Welsh mythology; released as a single in 1976, it reached No. 11 in the US and No. 46 in the UK.
Rhiannon Ally
Rhiannon Ally (born 1980) is an American ABC News anchor and correspondent, Sunday co-anchor of GMA Weekend, formerly overnight co-anchor of World News Now and America This Morning, and author of Mommy, Please Don't Go to Work!
Rhiannon Fish
Rhiannon Fish (Rhiannon Marie Fish), Canadian-born Australian actress born 1991 in Calgary, raised in Melbourne. Known for April Scott in Home and Away (2010–2013), Ontari in The 100, and dozens of Hallmark television movies including Journey of My Heart and A Picture of Her.
Rhiannon Giddens
Rhiannon Giddens, born 1977 in Greensboro, North Carolina, is a singer and multi-instrumentalist, Carolina Chocolate Drops co-founder, two-time Grammy winner, 2017 MacArthur Fellow, and 2023 Pulitzer winner for the opera Omar with Michael Abels.
Rhiannon McGavin
Rhiannon McGavin, also known as thegeekyblonde, is an American poet from Hollywood, Youth Poet Laureate of Los Angeles 2016, viral for "Somewhere in America", author of Branches and Grocery List Poems, and a 2023 Mitchell Scholar at Trinity College Dublin.
RHIC Beam Energy Scan
The RHIC Beam Energy Scan is a program at Brookhaven's Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider colliding gold ions at varied energies to search for a QCD critical point.
Rhiju Das
Rhiju Das (born 1978) is an American biochemist, professor at Stanford University School of Medicine and HHMI investigator, who predicts and designs RNA structures and leads the Eterna platform.
Rhimo Nyansaho
Rhimo Nyansaho is a Tanzanian politician and finance professional serving as Minister for Defence and National Service, and former Director General of the Public Service Social Security Fund.
Rhinanthus minor
Rhinanthus minor, yellow rattle, is a hemiparasitic annual of Orobanchaceae native from Europe to western Siberia, parasitizing grasses via haustoria and used to create wildflower meadows; seeds rattle in its papery calyx.
Rhinatrematidae
Rhinatrematidae, the beaked caecilians or Neotropical tailed caecilians, is a family of 15 species of limbless amphibians in northern South America, the sister group of all other living caecilians.
Rhind Mathematical Papyrus
The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus, also known as the Ahmes Papyrus, is an ancient Egyptian mathematics textbook with 84 problems, copied by the scribe Ahmose around 1650 BC.
Rhind Mathematical Papyrus 2/n table
The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus 2/n table is an ancient Egyptian table expressing 2 divided by every odd number from 3 to 101 as sums of unit fractions.
Rhine
The Rhine (Rhein, Rhin, Rijn) is a major western European river from the Swiss Alps to the North Sea. Distinguished by the 1815 CCNR free-navigation regime, Tulla's rectification, Rhine 2040 water quality targets, and 2026 record-low drought flows.
Rhine Falls
Rhine Falls (Rheinfall), waterfall on the Rhine near Schaffhausen, Switzerland; Europe's largest waterfall by volume, not height: 23 m high, 150 m wide, about 600 m³/s in summer, record 1,250 m³/s in 1965.
Rhine Graben
The Rhine Graben is a 300-km-long rift valley along the Rhine between Basel and the Rhenish Massif, forming the central segment of the European Cenozoic Rift System.
RHINE trial
RHINE (NCT03622593, GR40398) is a phase 3, double-masked trial of faricimab versus aflibercept in diabetic macular edema; 951 patients, three arms including personalized treatment interval up to every 16 weeks, run with YOSEMITE.