All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Square academic cap
Square academic cap (mortarboard, trencher): flat stiff square board on a skullcap with central button and tassel; derived from the pileus quadratus, made square by Paris in 1520, standardized in the US by the 1895 Intercollegiate Code.
Square and Compasses
The square and compasses are the emblem of Freemasonry, two stonemasons' working tools shown interlaced and often centered on the letter G, symbolizing morality and self-restraint.
Square array (electrical resistivity)
The square array is a four-electrode resistivity surveying configuration introduced by Habberjam and Watkins in 1967, used chiefly to detect the directional fabric of fractured bedrock.
Square Bay
Square Bay (bahía Cuadrada) is a bay on the Fallières Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula at 67°50′S 67°00′W, entered past Horseshoe Island from northeast Marguerite Bay, charted by Rymill's BGLE in 1936–37.
Square Castan at Besançon
Square Castan (square archéologique Castan) is a free archaeological garden in Besançon's Saint-Jean quarter, displaying a 54 m Roman hemicycle, eight Corinthian columns, and an Arcier aqueduct basin, excavated from 1870 by Auguste Castan.
Square dance
Square dance: a dance for four couples in a square formation, prompted by a caller; descended from English country dance and the French quadrille, with traditional (Eastern) and modern Western styles standardized by CALLERLAB.
Square Dance (film)
Square Dance is a 1987 American drama directed by Daniel Petrie from his novel by Alan Hines, starring Jason Robards, Jane Alexander, Winona Ryder, and Rob Lowe.
Square Deal
The Square Deal was Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program, named from an August 1902 Lynn, Massachusetts speech, promising fairness to capital, labor, and consumers through corporate regulation, consumer protection, and conservation.
Square Enix
Square Enix (スクウェア・エニックス), Japanese entertainment company formed in 2003 by the merger of Square and Enix; Tokyo-based holding group behind Final Fantasy, Dragon Quest, and Taito's Space Invaders.
Square Group
Square Group is a Bangladeshi family-founded conglomerate anchored by Square Pharmaceuticals, the country's largest pharmaceutical manufacturer, founded by Samson H. Chowdhury in 1958 and the industry leader since 1985.
Square ice
Square ice is a proposed two-dimensional phase of water in which molecules form a square lattice, reported in 2015 as ice less than a nanometre thick trapped between graphene sheets, with its existence still debated.
Square kilometre
The square kilometer (km², sq km) is a metric unit of area equal to 1,000,000 square meters, or 100 hectares, used for reporting countries, lakes, and forests.
Square Kilometre Array
The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is an intergovernmental radio telescope project using arrays in Western Australia and South Africa, operated by the SKA Observatory from the United Kingdom.
Square matrix
A square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns, an n × n grid. It is the setting for determinants, trace, eigenvalues, and inverses.
Square mile
A square mile (mi²) is a unit of area in the British imperial and US customary systems, equal to 640 acres or about 2.59 square kilometers.
Square number
A square number, or perfect square, is an integer that is the product of an integer with itself, such as 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25.
Square of Family, Love and Fidelity
Сквер Сямʼі, Любові і Вернасці (Square of Family, Love and Fidelity) is a public square in Soligorsk, Belarus, opened 1 September 2019, known for its Hen Ryaba children's art playground, fountains, and skate park.
Square One Television
Square One Television (Square One TV) was a Children's Television Workshop mathematics series for ages 8-12 on PBS, 1987-1992, 230 episodes, magazine format with parodies, Mathnet, and a $16 million first season.
Square Peg (production company)
Square Peg (stylized all caps) is the Los Angeles independent film production company founded in 2019 by Ari Aster and Lars Knudsen, producing auteur films such as Midsommar, Eddington, and Bugonia for A24 and Focus Features, distinct from unrelated San Diego, UK, and circus namesakes.
Square Peristyle
Square Peristyle (Athens): large Hellenistic law-court building on the east side of the Athenian Agora, built c. 300 BC, 38.75 m per side, demolished c. 150 BC for the Stoa of Attalos.
Square root
The square root, also called the second root, of a number x is a number r satisfying r² = x; the nonnegative root is the principal square root, written √x.
Square root of 2
The square root of 2, sometimes called Pythagoras's constant, is the positive real number that multiplies by itself to give 2, about 1.4142135, and cannot be written as a ratio of two integers.
Square root of 3
The square root of 3, also called Theodorus's constant, is the irrational number whose square is 3, approximately 1.7320508, giving side ratios in the 30-60-90 triangle.
Square root of 5
The square root of 5 is the positive real number whose square is 5, an irrational number, and it links the regular pentagon to the golden ratio.
Square root of a matrix
A square root of a matrix is a matrix B whose square B² equals the given matrix A. Roots may not exist and are generally not unique.
Square with sculptures
Square with sculptures (Сквер з скульптурами) is a 24/7 public park on Prymorska Street 6А in Zatoka, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine, with shade trees, benches, and photo sculptures near the Zatoka Lift Bridge.
Square-free integer
A square-free integer, also called a squarefree number, is an integer not divisible by any perfect square greater than 1; examples include 6 and 30, while 12 is not.
Square-integrable function
A square-integrable function, or L2 function, is a function whose absolute value squared has a finite Lebesgue integral; such functions form the Hilbert space L2.
Square-root information filter
The square-root information filter (SRIF) is a state-estimation algorithm equivalent to the Kalman filter but numerically more stable, developed by Gerald J. Bierman at JPL.
Square-wave voltammetry
Square-wave voltammetry (SWV), also known as Osteryoung square-wave voltammetry, is a fast, highly sensitive electroanalytical technique that superimposes a square wave on a staircase ramp, giving peak currents proportional to concentration.