All articles starting with S
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Superficial cervical plexus block
The superficial cervical plexus block is a regional anesthesia technique that numbs the skin of the neck by injecting local anesthetic near the cervical plexus, used most often for awake carotid endarterectomy.
Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis
Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis (SEI, ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens, OMIM 146800) is a rare autosomal dominant keratinopathic ichthyosis caused by KRT2 mutations, with superficial blisters at birth and milder features than epidermolytic ichthyosis.
Superficial fibromatoses
Superficial fibromatoses: benign, slow-growing fibroblastic tumors of fascia or aponeurosis, including Dupuytren contracture, Ledderhose disease, Peyronie disease, knuckle pads, pachydermodactyly, and infantile digital fibromatosis; genetically distinct from deep fibromatoses.
Superficial frostbite
Superficial frostbite (frostnip, first or second degree frostbite, ICD-11 NE40) is skin-limited freezing injury with blistering but no significant tissue necrosis, treated mainly with rapid rewarming.
Superficial ovarian endometriosis
Superficial ovarian endometriosis (ICD-11 GA10.B4), also called ovarian endometriosis NOS, is endometriosis on the ovarian cortex with typical or subtle superficial lesions, distinct from cystic ovarian endometrioma; diagnosed mainly by laparoscopy.
Superficial parotidectomy
Superficial parotidectomy is an operation in head and neck surgery that removes the superficial lobe of the parotid gland, with its tumor, while identifying and preserving the facial nerve.
Superficial siderosis
Superficial siderosis, also called superficial hemosiderosis of the CNS, is a rare neurologic disease from chronic subarachnoid bleeding causing hemosiderin deposition, with progressive hearing loss, ataxia, and pyramidal signs.
Superficial temporal artery
Superficial temporal artery (arteria temporalis superficialis): terminal branch of the external carotid artery supplying the face and scalp, dividing into frontal and parietal branches; biopsied for giant cell arteritis and used for STA-MCA bypass.
Superficial thrombophlebitis
Superficial thrombophlebitis, or superficial venous thrombosis (SVT), is clotting with inflammation in a vein just under the skin, usually varicose leg veins; it differs from DVT but coexists with it in 6 to 40% of cases.
Superficial thrombophlebitis in pregnancy
Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial vein thrombosis, SVT) in pregnancy: inflamed, clotted superficial vein affecting about 0.1% of pregnancies, with roughly two-fold raised VTE risk, usually managed with LMWH.
Superficial vein thrombosis
Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT, superficial thrombophlebitis) is clotting in veins just under the skin, usually leg saphenous veins. About 20-25% have concomitant DVT or PE; fondaparinux or rivaroxaban for 45 days treats higher-risk cases.
Superflare
A superflare is an exceptionally energetic outburst from a star, similar to a solar flare but releasing up to about 10^36 erg, far more energy than ordinary flares.
Superfluid dark matter
Superfluid dark matter is a theoretical model proposed in 2015 by Lasha Berezhiani and Justin Khoury, in which dark matter condenses into a superfluid inside galaxies.
Superfluid helium-3
Superfluid helium-3 is the frictionless liquid phase of fermionic helium-3 below a few millikelvin, where paired atoms form a spin-triplet p-wave condensate with rich topology.
Superfluid helium-4
Superfluid helium-4 (He II) is the low-temperature phase of liquid helium-4 below the lambda point of 2.17 K, flowing with no measurable viscosity, discovered in 1938.
Superfluid stiffness
Superfluid stiffness, also called superfluid weight, measures the energy cost of varying a superconductor's macroscopic wavefunction phase, enabling dissipationless current, the Meissner effect, and conventional plus geometric contributions.
Superfluidity
Superfluidity is a quantum state of matter in which a fluid flows with no viscosity below a transition temperature, first observed in liquid helium-4 in 1938.
Superfluidity of light
Superfluidity of light is the frictionless collective flow of photons in an optical system, an analog of superfluidity in liquid helium, first proposed by Raymond Chiao in 1999.
Superfluorescence
Superfluorescence is a cooperative quantum-optical effect in which excited emitters spontaneously phase-lock, emitting a short, intense burst of coherent light with intensity scaling as the square of emitter number.
Superfluous man
The superfluous man (лишний человек) is a character type in Russian literature, typical of the 1820s to 1850s: an educated, alienated nobleman marked by skepticism and social passivity.
Superfly (2018 film)
Superfly (2018) is Director X's remake of the 1972 blaxploitation film Super Fly, starring Trevor Jackson as Atlanta cocaine dealer Youngblood Priest, produced by Joel Silver and Future, released by Columbia Pictures June 15, 2018.
Superfly (musician)
Superfly (スーパーフライ) is the Japanese rock solo project of vocalist Shiho Ochi, who debuted in 2007 and has topped the Oricon album chart with multiple albums.
Superfood
Superfood: a marketing term for nutrient-rich foods like blueberries, salmon, and quinoa, with no legal or scientific definition; originated as United Fruit Company banana marketing, banned in the EU since 2007 without an approved health claim.
Superfrog
Superfrog is a 1993 scrolling 2D platformer by Team17 for Amiga, CD32, and PC, starring a caped frog powered by Lucozade; inspired by Sonic and Mario, remade as Superfrog HD in 2013.
Superfund
Superfund is the informal name for CERCLA, the 1980 US law under which EPA cleans up the nation's worst hazardous waste sites, enforces liability on responsible parties, and manages the National Priorities List.
Supergene enrichment
Supergene enrichment is the near-surface concentration of metals in an ore deposit by downward-moving oxidizing groundwater, converting low-grade rock into a chalcocite-rich blanket often vital to copper mines.
Supergiant Games
Supergiant Games: independent San Francisco studio founded 2009 by Amir Rao and Gavin Simon (ex-EA). Maker of Bastion, Transistor, Pyre, Hades (BAFTA Best Game 2021), and Hades II, its first sequel and highest-rated game.
Supergirl
Supergirl (Kara Zor-El), Superman's Kryptonian cousin in DC Comics, created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino, debuting in Action Comics #252 (1959); origin centered on Argo City, with the 1984 Helen Slater film, the 2015-2021 Melissa Benoist series, and the 2026 Milly Alcock film adapting Woman of Tomorrow.
Supergirl (1984 film)
Supergirl (1984 film), directed by Jeannot Szwarc, is the Salkinds' Tri-Star spin-off of the Superman franchise starring Helen Slater as Kara Zor-El recovering the Omegahedron from Faye Dunaway's witch Selena; a critical and box-office failure (19% on Rotten Tomatoes) that became a cult classic.
Supergirl (2026 film)
Supergirl (2026) is a DC Studios superhero film directed by Craig Gillespie, starring Milly Alcock as Kara Zor-El, adapted from Tom King's Woman of Tomorrow; the second DCU film after Superman, released June 26, 2026, it underperformed at the box office and earned mixed reviews.