All articles starting with S
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Syran Mbenza
Syran Mbenza, born Mingiedi M'Benza in Kinshasa in 1950, is a Congolese guitarist of the Franco school who co-founded Les Quatre Étoiles and Kékélé in Paris.
Syrastrene
Syrastrene (Surastrene, Saraostus) is the Greek name for Saurashtra, the Kathiawar peninsula of Gujarat, in the Periplus and Ptolemy's Indo-Scythia; fertile cotton country with metropolis Minnagara.
Syre (album)
SYRE (A Beautiful Confusion) is Jaden Smith's debut studio album, released November 17, 2017 on MSFTS Music/Roc Nation; 17 tracks, about 70 minutes, three years in the making, titled after his middle name, with guests A$AP Rocky and Raury, Metascore 69.
Syreeta Wright
Syreeta Wright (professionally Syreeta, earlier Rita Wright) was an American Motown singer-songwriter, first wife and co-writer of Stevie Wonder, known for "Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours" and the Billy Preston duet "With You I'm Born Again"; died 2004.
Syria (region)
Syria (region): the historical eastern Mediterranean land between the Taurus, Mediterranean, Euphrates, and Egypt, also called the Levant or Sham; name derived from Assyria/Aram, Roman province from 64 BCE with capital Antioch.
Syria (سوريا)
Syria (سوريا), Western Asian country, capital Damascus; 13-year civil war ended 8 December 2024 when HTS-led rebels toppled Bashar al-Assad; transitional president Ahmad al-Sharaa, $216 billion reconstruction need, sanctions relief, and fragile minority-inclusive transition.
Syria Colles
Syria Colles, a 630-km-wide group of small volcanic hills on Syria Planum, Mars, centered near 13.46 S, 259.27 E; IAU-approved in 2015 from the classical albedo feature Syria.
Syria in the 2026 Iran war
Syria in the 2026 Iran war: after Assad's December 2024 fall, interim president Ahmed al-Sharaa kept Syria actively neutral during the US/Israeli war on Iran begun 28 February 2026, managing spillover and repositioning as an energy corridor.
Syria Mons
Syria Mons, an IAU-named volcano on Mars in Syria Planum, Tharsis; about 73 km across per USGS, largest vent among 263 in a plateau that evolved from central-vent to shield-field volcanism.
Syria national football team
The Syria national football team, nicknamed the Qasioun Eagles, is Syria's men's team in international football, governed by the Syrian Football Association since 1936 and competing in the AFC.
Syria Palaestina
Syria Palaestina, Roman province renamed from Judaea after the Bar Kokhba revolt (c. 135 CE to c. 390 CE), governed by consular then equestrian praeses, garrisoned by two legions, later divided into Byzantine Palaestina provinces.
Syria Planum
Syria Planum, a broad Martian plateau at the summit of the Tharsis rise, 740 km across, a long-lived Noachian-to-Amazonian center of tectonism and shield volcanism near Noctis Labyrinthus.
Syriac alphabet
Syriac alphabet (ܐܠܦܒܝܬ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ): 22-letter, right-to-left Aramaic-descended abjad from Edessa, attested from 6 CE. Three styles: Estrangela, Serto (West), East Syriac/Madnḥāyā; Greek-letter and dot vowel systems; Unicode U+0700–074F.
Syriac and Latin versions as witnesses to the Hebrew text
The Syriac Peshitta and Jerome's Latin Vulgate are ancient translations of the Hebrew Bible whose Hebrew source texts mostly matched the Masoretic tradition, occasionally correcting it.
Syriac Christianity
Syriac Christianity, also known as Aramaic Christianity, is the family of churches whose worship is rooted in the Syriac dialect of Aramaic, often called Christianity's third main language after Latin and Greek.
Syriac language
Syriac (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ, Leššānā Suryāyā), also Classical Syriac or Edessan Aramaic, is an Aramaic dialect from Edessa, the largest Aramaic literature, and liturgical language of Syriac churches.
Syriac Orthodox Church
The Syriac Orthodox Church, also known as the Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch, is an Oriental Orthodox church tracing its see to Antioch and Saint Peter, now headquartered in Damascus.
Syrian Air Force
Syrian Air Force, founded 16 October 1946; Assad-era SAAF flew MiG-21/23/29, Su-22/24 and Mi-8/17 barrel-bombing helicopters until destroyed by Israeli strikes after the December 2024 fall of Assad; the transitional government is rebuilding it, restoring Su-22s in 2026.
Syrian Arab Armed Forces (القوات المسلحة العربية السورية) (Ba'athist Syria)
Syrian Arab Armed Forces (القوات المسلحة العربية السورية), the military of Ba'athist Syria, founded 1945 from Troupes Speciales, purged after the 1963 Ba'ath coup into an Alawite-dominated ideological army, decimated in the civil war, and dissolved January 2025 after Assad's fall.
Syrian Arab Kingdom
The Syrian Arab Kingdom (المملكة العربية السورية), also called the Arab Kingdom of Syria, was a short-lived state proclaimed in Damascus in 1920, with Faysal ibn Husayn as king.
Syrian Armed Forces (القوات المسلحة السورية)
The Syrian Armed Forces (القوات المسلحة السورية), Syria's military, were founded 1 August 1945 from French Troupes Speciales remnants, grew to 400,000 by 1986 under Assad-era divisional fiefdoms, collapsed with Assad's fall in December 2024, and are being rebuilt from former opposition factions.
Syrian Army
The Syrian Army is the transitional government's military, formed after the Assad-era army was dissolved on 29 January 2025 and former opposition factions, including HTS and SNA units, were reflagged as divisions under the Ministry of Defence; it absorbed the SDF by August 2026.
Syrian Campaign of Ibrahim Pasha
The Syrian Campaign of Ibrahim Pasha (الحملة على الشام) was the conquest of Ottoman Syria by Egypt's army from 1831 to 1833, led by Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali.
Syrian campaigns of Hattusili I
The Syrian campaigns of Hattusili I were Hittite military expeditions into northern Syria around 1650–1620 BC, against Alalakh, Urshu, and cities of Yamhad, ending without the conquest of Aleppo.
Syrian campaigns of Suppiluliuma I
The Syrian campaigns of Suppiluliuma I were two Hittite wars against Mitanni in the mid-14th century BC that ended Mitanni's hegemony over Syria and brought Carchemish and Aleppo under Hittite viceroys.
Syrian caretaker government
Syrian caretaker government, led by interim PM Mohammed al-Bashir from 10 December 2024, governed Syria after Assad's fall until 29 March 2025. Staffed mainly by former Syrian Salvation Government officials under Ahmad al-Sharaa, it was replaced by a 23-member transitional cabinet.
Syrian civil war
Syrian civil war: armed conflict from March 2011 protests against Bashar al-Assad to his fall on 8 December 2024; also called the Syria war. At least 580,000 killed, millions displaced, foreign intervention by Russia, Iran, the US-led coalition, and Turkey, followed by a fragile transition under Ahmed al-Sharaa.
Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon
Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon: how the 2011 Syrian conflict spread into Lebanon via refugees, sectarian violence, Hezbollah's intervention, and economic strain, and how Assad's December 2024 fall reversed refugee flows and reshaped bilateral relations.
Syrian Democratic Forces (قوات سوريا الديمقراطية)
Syrian Democratic Forces (قوات سوريا الديمقراطية, SDF): Kurdish-led, U.S.-backed alliance formed 2015 around the YPG under Mazloum Abdi; defeated ISIS at Raqqa and Baghouz, administered northeast Syria, and dissolved into the Syrian army in August 2026.
Syrian Desert
The Syrian Desert (Badiyat ash-Sham) is a 500,000 km² arid tableland spanning Syria, Jordan, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia, crossed by Bronze Age caravan routes and Palmyra trade roads, now heavily affected by desertification and drought.