All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Syrian dramatic literature
Syrian dramatic literature is the body of playwriting produced in Syria or by Syrian writers, beginning in the nineteenth century with figures like Abu Khalil al-Qabbani and Sadallah Wannous.
Syrian Free Army
The Syrian Free Army (SFA), formerly Maghawir al-Thawra and renamed Free Syria Army (جيش سوريا الحرة) in October 2022, is a US-backed opposition force at al-Tanf Garrison in southern Syria, distinct from the original Free Syrian Army.
Syrian Interim Government (الحكومة المؤقتة السورية)
Syrian Interim Government (الحكومة المؤقتة السورية): Syria's post-Assad transitional administration under interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa, formed after a caretaker government led by Mohammad al-Bashir; also the name of the earlier opposition-led government during the civil war.
Syrian invasion of Jordan
The Syrian invasion of Jordan was a Syrian armored incursion into northern Jordan from 18 to 23 September 1970, launched during Black September in support of the Palestinian fedayeen.
Syrian literature
Syrian literature is a historical collection of poetry, novels, and drama by Syrian writers. It forms part of the broader Arabic literature and covers works before and after 1946.
Syrian National Army (الجيش الوطني السوري)
Syrian National Army (الجيش الوطني السوري), SNA: Turkish-backed coalition of Arab and Turkmen opposition factions formed from the Free Syrian Army in 2017–2019, second largest after HTS, fought the SDF and joined the 2024 offensive that toppled Assad.
Syrian Navy (البحرية السورية)
Syrian Navy (البحرية السورية), the Syrian Arab Navy: small coastal-defense naval branch founded 29 August 1950, based at Tartus and Latakia, Soviet-equipped with Romeo submarines and Osa boats, distinct from Russia's Tartus naval base.
Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان)
Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان, SOHR): UK-based monitoring group founded 1 May 2006 by Rami Abdulrahman in Coventry, documenting Syrian war casualties via an activist network, two-source verification, and cumulative death tolls cited by media and the UN.
Syrian occupation of Lebanon (الاحتلال السوري للبنان)
Syrian occupation of Lebanon (الاحتلال السوري للبنان): Syria's military and political control of Lebanon from its 1976 civil war intervention, via the Arab Deterrent Force and Taif mandate, until the 26 April 2005 withdrawal under UN resolution 1559.
Syrian olympic committee
Syrian Olympic Committee (اللجنة الأولمبية السورية, SOC), Syria's National Olympic Committee, founded and IOC-recognized in 1948, Damascus-based; president Feras Mouala; four Olympic medals; not suspended during the civil war.
Syrian peace process
Syrian peace process: UN-led Geneva track (Geneva Communiqué 2012, Resolution 2254), Iran–Russia–Turkey Astana format with de-escalation zones, Sochi Constitutional Committee, and post-2024 SDF integration talks after Assad's fall.
Syrian Popular Resistance
Syrian Popular Resistance (المقاومة الشعبية السورية), an Assadist insurgent group formed in December 2024 after Assad's fall, fights Syria's HTS-led transitional government from the coastal region and has claimed attacks on Israeli forces in Quneitra.
Syrian pound (ل.س)
The Syrian pound (ل.س), also called the Syrian lira, is the currency of Syria, issued by the Central Bank of Syria under the ISO code SYP.
Syrian revolution
Syrian revolution: the 2011 uprising against Bashar al-Assad that became a civil war and ended with his fall on 8 December 2024, followed by Ahmed al-Sharaa's transitional government.
Syrian Revolution Victory Conference
Syrian Revolution Victory Conference (مؤتمر النصر), held in Damascus 29 January 2025 by the Military Operations Command; declared the revolution's victory, made Ahmed al-Sharaa transitional president, abolished the 2012 Constitution, dissolved parliament, army, security services, Baath Party, and 18 armed factions into a unified force.
Syrian Salvation Government (حكومة الإنقاذ السورية)
Syrian Salvation Government (حكومة الإنقاذ السورية), SSG: civilian technocratic administration set up by HTS in November 2017 to govern Idlib and parts of Aleppo, Latakia, and Hama; its ministers later formed Syria's post-Assad caretaker government.
Syrian Social Nationalist Party (الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي)
The Syrian Social Nationalist Party (الحزب السوري القومي الاجتماعي), founded by Antoun Saadeh in Beirut in 1932, is a secular Pan-Syrian nationalist party seeking a Greater Syria; distinct from Baathism, it has an armed wing, the Eagles of the Whirlwind.
Syrian transitional government
The Syrian transitional government is the post-Assad interim administration led by President Ahmad al-Sharaa under the March 2025 Constitutional Declaration, a five-year framework with a 210-member People's Assembly, a 23-member cabinet, and elections planned before a permanent constitution due by 2029.
Syrian-Lebanese diaspora in the Southern Cone
The Syrian-Lebanese diaspora in the Southern Cone is the population of immigrants from Ottoman Syria and Lebanon and their descendants, living mainly in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay.
Syriana
Syriana (2005) is a geopolitical thriller written and directed by Stephen Gaghan, loosely based on CIA officer Robert Baer's memoir See No Evil. George Clooney won Best Supporting Actor; Warner Bros. distributed the four-strand oil-industry drama.
Syrians
Syrians (السوريون) are the people of the Syrian Arab Republic, ~27.43 million in January 2026, Arabic-speaking with Kurdish, Turkmen, Assyrian and other minorities; the 2011 conflict displaced half the pre-war population, and mass returns have followed the December 2024 government change.
Syrianska
Syrianska FC, also Suryoyo SK, is a Swedish football club founded 1977 in Sodertalje by Syriac immigrants; played Allsvenskan 2011-2013 as the 61st club, now in Division 2 Sodra Svealand.
Syril Karn
Syril Karn is a fictional Imperial civil servant in Star Wars' Andor, played by Kyle Soller; a Pre-Mor deputy inspector whose pursuit of Cassian Andor drives the plot, he becomes Dedra Meero's partner and dies in the Ghorman Massacre.
Syringa
Syringa, the lilacs, a genus of about 20-30 Oleaceae shrubs and small trees native from southeastern Europe to East Asia; S. vulgaris, Victor Lemoine's French hybrids, and reblooming Bloomerang cultivars define it.
Syringa vulgaris
Syringa vulgaris, the common lilac (Oleaceae), is a deciduous shrub native to the Balkan mountains, with fragrant spring panicles, over 1,600 cultivars, and a breeding history from Lemoine's 1870s French hybrids onward.
Syringe
Syringe (from Greek syrinx, tube): barrel, plunger, and needle device for injecting or withdrawing fluids. Modern hypodermic syringe credited to Alexander Wood, 1853; today plastic, single-use, ISO-standardized.
Syringe pump
A syringe pump is a motor-driven device that pushes a syringe plunger to deliver fluid at a precisely controlled flow rate, used clinically for drug infusion and in laboratories.
Syringic acid
Syringic acid is a naturally occurring phenolic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid and the dimethyl ether of gallic acid, found widely in plants and used as a model for syringyl lignin units.
Syringobulbia
Syringobulbia (ICD-11 8D66.2) is a fluid-filled cavity (syrinx) within the brain stem, usually the medulla, closely associated with syringomyelia; caused by Chiari I malformation, tumors, or inflammation; treated by posterior fossa decompression.
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a rare, non-cancerous sweat gland tumor of the skin, most often on the head or neck and frequently arising within a nevus sebaceous.