All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Sensory neuron
Sensory neuron (afferent neuron): a nerve cell detecting touch, temperature, pain, and other stimuli and carrying information to the CNS; mostly pseudounipolar (DRG) or bipolar (retina, olfactory epithelium), with PIEZO2 as a key mechanotransducer.
Sensory overload
Sensory overload, also called overstimulation, occurs when incoming sound, light, touch, or information exceeds what the brain can process. Common in autism, PTSD, ADHD, anxiety, and schizophrenia; managed with sensory accommodations.
Sensory processing disorder
Sensory processing disorder (SPD), also called sensory integration dysfunction, is a proposed condition of atypical sensory modulation not recognized in DSM-5 or ICD-11; the AAP advises against diagnosing it, and sensory symptoms are instead features of autism and ADHD.
Sensory processing sensitivity
Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), the trait behind the "highly sensitive person" label, was defined by Elaine and Arthur Aron in 1997 with the 27-item HSP scale; it is distinct from introversion, neuroticism, autism, and ADHD.
Sensory Profile
The Sensory Profile is a family of caregiver, teacher, and self-report questionnaires measuring responses to everyday sensory events, based on Winnie Dunn's 1997 model and widely used with children, including those with autism.
Sensory rhodopsins and phototaxis in haloarchaea
Sensory rhodopsins are retinal-containing light receptors in haloarchaea that steer phototaxis. In Halobacterium salinarum, SRI attracts cells to orange light while SRII triggers avoidance of blue light.
Sensory substitution
Sensory substitution delivers information from a lost sense (vision, hearing, balance) through another modality such as touch or sound; pioneered by Bach-y-Rita's 1969 TVSS, now including devices like BrainPort.
Sensuke Ogoshi
Sensuke Ogoshi (生越専介) is a Japanese organometallic chemist and professor emeritus of Osaka University, known for nickel catalysis, NHC ligand design, and carbon–fluorine bond activation.
Sensus
Sensus is a metering and communications company serving water, electric, gas, and heat utilities, best known for its smart meters and FlexNet radio network; Xylem acquired it in 2016.
Sent-Down Youth Policy Documents
The sent-down youth policy documents (知青政策文件) are the Chinese Communist Party directives that organized the rustication of over 16 million urban youths to the countryside from 1955 to 1978.
Sent-Down Youth Return and the 1979 Petition Movements
The Sent-Down Youth Return and the 1979 Petition Movements (知青返城) saw about 6 million Chinese educated youth return to cities between late 1978 and early 1980, ending the sent-down policy.
Senta Berger
Senta Berger (Senta Verhoeven), Austrian actress and producer born 1941 in Vienna; Hollywood and Golden Globe in the 1960s, Sentana Film with Michael Verhoeven, TV hits Kir Royal and Unter Verdacht, first German Film Academy president, Lola winner 2026.
Sentai Filmworks
Sentai Filmworks is an American anime licensing company founded in Houston, Texas, in 2008 by John Ledford, formerly of ADV Films, and owned by AMC Networks since 2022.
Sentence (law)
Sentence (law): the penalty a court imposes after a criminal conviction, including probation, fines, restitution, or imprisonment. Covers statutory sentencing purposes, proportionality, judicial discretion, and US, English, and Australian sentencing frameworks.
Sentence (linguistics)
Sentence (linguistics): the largest grammatical unit, composed of one or more clauses; requires a subject and main verb. Types are simple, compound, complex, compound-complex; studied in syntax, semantics, and sentence processing.
Sentence clause structure
Sentence clause structure: how clauses, grammar's basic verb-containing units, combine into simple, compound, and complex sentences; covers main and subordinate clause types, formal analysis, and cross-linguistic variation.
Sentence spacing
Sentence spacing is the typographic convention governing the horizontal space between sentences, chiefly the choice between one or two word spaces after a period or other sentence-ending punctuation.
Sentence-BERT
Sentence-BERT (SBERT) is a modification of BERT using siamese and triplet networks to produce fixed-size sentence embeddings, introduced by Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych at EMNLP 2019 and released with the sentence-transformers framework.
Sentenced
Sentenced was a Finnish metal band from Muhos, active from 1989 to 2005, which began as a death metal act and evolved into gothic metal.
SentencePiece
SentencePiece is an open-source, language-independent subword tokenizer and detokenizer released by Google in 2018, which trains directly from raw sentences and is used by language models such as T5 and Llama.
Sentetsu Mate class locomotives
The Sentetsu Matei class (マテイ) were 4-8-2 steam tender locomotives operated by the Chosen Government Railway in Japanese-ruled Korea, with 50 built between 1939 and 1945.
Sentetsu Pashi class locomotives
Sentetsu Pashi class locomotives (파시형 증기기관차) were 4-6-2 Pacific tender steam locomotives of the Chosen Government Railway, the state railway of Japanese-ruled Korea, used for express passenger service.
Sentetsu Pure class locomotives
The Sentetsu Pure class locomotives were 2-6-2 tank steam locomotives operated by Sentetsu, Korea's government railway, from 1901, with the class prefix deriving from "Prairie".
Senthamizh
Senthamizh (செந்தமிழ், "pure Tamil") is a Tamil monthly research journal published by the Fourth Tamil Sangam of Madurai since 1902, founded by Pandithurai Thevar and regarded as a forerunner of Tamil scholarly periodicals.
Senthil (செந்தில்)
Senthil (செந்தில்), born 1951, is a Tamil film comedy actor, birth name Munusamy, famed for the Goundamani–Senthil duo in over 100 films, the Karagattakaran banana comedy, and more than 1,300 film appearances.
Senthil filmography
Senthil (செந்தில்), Tamil comedian born 1951, debuted in Oru Koyil Iru Dheepangal (1979); famed for his Goundamani double act, over 1,300 films, and comeback in Thaanaa Serndha Koottam (2018).
Senthil Muthuswamy
Senthil K. Muthuswamy is a cancer biologist known for pioneering 3D organoid and co-culture methods, and since 2026 Director of the National Cancer Institute's Center for Cancer Research.
Senthil Todadri
Senthil Todadri, who publishes as T. Senthil, is a theoretical condensed matter physicist and MIT professor known for deconfined quantum critical points and elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2024.
Senthoora Poove (செந்தூரப்பூவே)
Senthoora Poove (செந்தூரப்பூவே, Sendhoora Poove, "Saffron Flower") is a 1988 Tamil drama directed by P. R. Devaraj, starring Vijayakanth, Ramki, and Nirosha; a 200-day-run blockbuster that won Vijayakanth his first Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actor.
Senti Biosciences
Senti Biosciences is a clinical-stage biotechnology company, founded in 2016 by Tim Lu and James J. Collins out of MIT, that engineers Gene Circuits into cell therapies.