All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Simu Liu
Simu Liu (born 1989, Harbin, China) is a Chinese-Canadian actor known as Marvel's first Asian-led superhero lead in Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings and for Jung Kim in Kim's Convenience; also author of We Were Dreamers and Broadway's Oh, Mary! performer.
Simud Valles
Simud Valles, a large Martian outflow channel (Sumerian for Mars, IAU 1973), about 945–988 km across near Chryse Planitia, carved by floods and debris flows and once proposed as a rover landing site.
Simufilam
Simufilam (PTI-125), an oral small molecule from Cassava Sciences/Filana Therapeutics binding filamin A; its two Phase 3 Alzheimer's trials (RETHINK-ALZ, REFOCUS-ALZ) failed, the program ended in 2025, and development now targets TSC-related epilepsy.
Simuka
Simuka (सिमुक, also written Shrimukha) was the founder of the Satavahana dynasty of the Deccan, ruling about 23 years from his capital Pratishthana, modern Paithan.
SIMUL8
SIMUL8 is a discrete event simulation software package, originating with a 1994 Glasgow company and now sold under Minitab, used to model manufacturing, healthcare, and logistics processes before real-world changes.
Simula
Simula is a family of programming languages designed by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard at the Norwegian Computing Centre in Oslo, first to introduce the concepts behind object-oriented programming.
Simulacra and Simulation
Simulacra and Simulation (French: Simulacres et Simulation) is a 1981 collection of philosophical essays by French theorist Jean Baudrillard arguing that models and media generate a hyperreal with no origin.
Simulacrum
Simulacrum (plural simulacra), from Latin simulare, an image or semblance; in Baudrillard's theory a copy detached from reality, producing hyperreality across three historical orders.
Simulated annealing
Simulated annealing (SA) is a probabilistic optimization method that occasionally accepts uphill moves as temperature falls, proposed by Kirkpatrick, Gelatt, and Vecchi at IBM in 1983.
Simulated child pornography
Virtual child sexual abuse material, also called simulated child pornography, is digital imagery created via morphing or animation that depicts children in sexual acts. Few countries criminalize it globally.
Simulated herbivory
Simulated herbivory is an experimental method in plant ecology in which researchers mimic herbivore damage by mechanically wounding leaves or applying elicitors, studying plant defenses without live insects.
Simulated moving bed
Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography is a continuous multi-column process in which switching ports around a fixed-bed loop simulates countercurrent flow, used for chiral drugs, sugars, and petrochemicals.
Simulated reality
Simulated reality is the philosophical and physical hypothesis that perceived reality is a computer program rather than a base-level universe, framed in Nick Bostrom's 2003 simulation trilemma.
Simulation
A simulation is a program or experiment on a model that imitates the behavior of a real system, used in physics, biology, economics, and engineering where analytical solutions are impractical.
Simulation Description Format
Simulation Description Format, abbreviated SDF or SDFormat, is an XML format describing robots, objects, and worlds for robot simulation and control, originally developed for Gazebo.
Simulation hypothesis
The simulation hypothesis, or simulated reality hypothesis, is the claim that our observable reality is a computer simulation, most famously argued by Nick Bostrom in 2003.
Simulation models (philosophy of science)
Simulation models, in the philosophy of science, are computational models run step by step on computers to explore the behavior of mathematical models where analytic solutions are unavailable.
Simulation of Lévy processes
Simulation of Lévy processes means generating sample paths from the triplet that characterizes the process, trivial for jump-diffusions and hard otherwise, using truncation, series representations, and Euler schemes.
Simulation optimization
Simulation optimization, also called optimization via simulation (OvS), is a family of operations research methods that finds the best input settings of a stochastic simulation.
Simulation Theory (album)
Simulation Theory, eighth studio album by English rock band Muse (2018, Warner Bros.), produced with Rich Costey, Mike Elizondo, Shellback, and Timbaland; an 1980s synth-rock pivot with Kyle Lambert cover art, Metacritic score 63, and a 2019 world tour and concert film.
Simulation video game
Simulation video game genre: games modeling real or fictional systems like cities, vehicles, farms, or economies. Founded around SimCity (1989, Will Wright, Maxis); includes The Sims, flight and truck sims, god games, colony sims, and serious games.
Simulations Plus
Simulations Plus, Inc. is an American biosimulation company incorporated in California in 1996, best known for the GastroPlus pharmacokinetic software platform; it was taken private by Altaris in 2026.
Simulator qualification (FAA)
Simulator qualification is the FAA's process of certifying flight simulators under 14 CFR Part 60 so pilots can earn training credit in a device rather than an aircraft.
SIMULIA
SIMULIA is the simulation software brand of the French company Dassault Systèmes, created in 2005 after acquiring ABAQUS, offering virtual testing of product performance and safety before physical prototypes.
Simuliidae
Simuliidae, commonly called black flies or buffalo gnats, is a family of small blood-feeding flies whose larvae develop in flowing freshwater; females transmit river blindness.
Simulink
Simulink is a block diagram environment for modeling, simulating, and deploying multidomain dynamic systems, developed by MathWorks as part of the MATLAB family and central to Model-Based Design.
Simulizi za Wanyama
Simulizi za Wanyama are Swahili animal tales in which talking animal characters teach lessons, best known through the trickster hare Sungura and the greedy hyena Fisi.
Simultaneous distillation extraction
Simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) is a laboratory technique that isolates volatile compounds by combining steam distillation with continuous solvent extraction in one step, developed in 1964.
Simultaneous equations model
A simultaneous equations model is a statistical model in which several dependent variables are determined jointly, as when price and quantity determine each other in a market.
Simultaneous inference
Simultaneous inference is the family of statistical methods for testing several hypotheses in one analysis while controlling an overall error rate, such as the family-wise error rate.