All articles starting with S
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Sledgehammer
A sledgehammer is a large, heavy hammer with a long handle, swung with both hands for breaking rock and concrete, driving stakes and posts, and heavy forging work.
Sledgehammer (Peter Gabriel song)
"Sledgehammer" is a 1986 Peter Gabriel song, the first single from So, produced with Daniel Lanois. It hit US number 1 in July 1986, UK number 4, and its Aardman stop-motion video won a record nine MTV Video Music Awards.
Sledgehammer Games
Sledgehammer Games (SHG), founded 2009 in Foster City, California by Glen Schofield and Michael Condrey, is Activision's wholly owned Call of Duty studio, co-developer of Modern Warfare 3 (2011) and lead developer of Advanced Warfare, WWII, Vanguard, and Modern Warfare III (2023).
Sledging (cricket)
Sledging in cricket is verbal taunting of opponents to break their concentration; an Australian coinage from the mid-1960s, likely from "subtle as a sledgehammer", now an ICC Level 2 conduct offense.
Sleeman Breweries
Sleeman Breweries, also known as Sleeman's, is a Canadian brewing company in Guelph, Ontario, revived in 1988 and acquired by Japan's Sapporo Holdings in 2006.
Sleep
Sleep is a naturally recurring, reversible state of reduced responsiveness in which the brain cycles through REM and non-REM phases, regulated by circadian rhythms and sleep pressure.
Sleep (band)
Sleep is an American stoner/doom metal band formed 1990 in San Jose from Asbestosdeath, known for Sleep's Holy Mountain and the hour-long Dopesmoker; reformed 2009, released The Sciences 2018, and in 2026 continued without Matt Pike.
Sleep (잠) (2023 film)
Sleep (잠) is a 2023 South Korean psychological horror film, the debut feature of Jason Yu, starring Jung Yu-mi and Lee Sun-kyun as newlyweds whose marriage unravels when the husband's sleepwalking turns menacing. Screened at Cannes Critics' Week 2023, it grossed about $11 million worldwide and won the Gérardmer Grand Prix.
Sleep apnea
Sleep apnea, a disorder of repeated breathing pauses during sleep, has obstructive (OSA) and central types; OSA affects about 15% of men and 5% of women aged 30-70 and is treated first with CPAP.
Sleep apnea testing
Sleep apnea testing is the set of diagnostic procedures, chiefly in-laboratory polysomnography and home sleep apnea testing, used to detect obstructive and central sleep apnea by recording airflow, effort, and oxygen saturation.
Sleep apnea–related hypertension
Sleep apnea–related hypertension is elevated blood pressure driven by obstructive sleep apnea; it is common in resistant hypertension, shows blunted nocturnal dipping, and CPAP lowers blood pressure modestly.
Sleep cycle
Sleep cycle: the repeating NREM (stages 1-3) then REM sequence during sleep, about 80-100 minutes per cycle, four to six per night, deep sleep early and REM later; discovered 1953 by Aserinsky and Kleitman.
Sleep deprivation
Sleep deprivation: getting less sleep than needed (acute total, partial, or chronic restriction). Adults need 7+ hours; impairment rivals alcohol intoxication; linked to cardiometabolic disease and dementia risk.
Sleep diary
A sleep diary is a self-report log of bedtime, awakenings, and rise time kept daily for one to two weeks, the accepted standard for measuring sleep in insomnia care.
Sleep disorder
Sleep disorder: any of more than 100 conditions disturbing normal sleep, including insomnia, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disorders, and parasomnias; diagnosed by history and polysomnography, treated with CBT-I, CPAP, or medication.
Sleep Duration
Sleep duration, the total hours of sleep per day (total sleep time), is studied in categories of short, normal, and long sleep against mortality, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, and obesity risk.
Sleep health
Sleep health: a multidimensional positive-health construct of sleep (regularity, satisfaction, alertness, timing, efficiency, duration; RU-SATED), also the National Sleep Foundation's Elsevier journal Sleep Health (2015, ISSN 2352-7218).
Sleep hygiene
Sleep hygiene: behavioral and environmental sleep recommendations (schedule, caffeine timing, dark cool bedroom) first codified by Peter Hauri in 1977; guidelines find it ineffective alone for chronic insomnia versus CBT-I.
Sleep inertia
Sleep inertia: temporary grogginess, disorientation, and impaired performance immediately after waking, lasting 30-60 minutes typically; worst during circadian low and after deep sleep; managed with short naps, caffeine, and light.
Sleep Latency
Sleep latency (sleep-onset latency, SOL) is the time from lights out to the first epoch of any sleep stage. Measured by PSG, actigraphy, diaries, and the MSLT, where mean latency ≤8 minutes supports narcolepsy diagnosis.
Sleep medicine
Sleep medicine is a medical subspecialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of sleep and circadian disorders, from insomnia and sleep apnea to narcolepsy and parasomnias.
Sleep No More (2011 play)
Sleep No More: Punchdrunk's immersive Macbeth-as-film-noir at New York's McKittrick Hotel, running March 2011 to January 5, 2025; masked silent audiences, 100+ rooms, Drama Desk and Obie awards, later versions in Shanghai and Seoul.
Sleep No More (Doctor Who)
Sleep No More is a 2015 Doctor Who episode, Series 9 Episode 9, written by Mark Gatiss: the show's first found-footage story, set on Le Verrier Station near Neptune, featuring the Sandmen and no opening titles.
Sleep No More (film)
Sleep No More (Monster Pabrik Rambut) is Edwin's 2026 Indonesian horror-fantasy film about sisters investigating their mother's death in a wig factory; it premiered in Berlinale Special Midnight and is unrelated to Punchdrunk's immersive play of the same name.
Sleep paralysis
Sleep paralysis: temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking, caused by REM atonia persisting into wakefulness; affects about 8% of people, often with intruder or incubus hallucinations, and interpreted culturally as Pandafeche, kanashibari, or jinn attacks.
Sleep restriction
Sleep restriction therapy is a behavioral treatment for chronic insomnia in which time in bed is cut to actual sleep time to consolidate sleep, a core component of CBT-I.
Sleep sex
Sleep sex (sexsomnia) is an NREM parasomnia of involuntary sexual behavior during sleep, arising from N2/N3 with amnesia; triggered by sleep deprivation, alcohol, and sleep apnea; recognized in DSM-5 and ICSD-3-TR.
Sleep Stages
Sleep stages: the AASM's five human sleep states W, N1, N2, N3, and REM (stage R), scored from 30-second polysomnography epochs by EEG, EOG, and EMG patterns; N2 has spindles and K-complexes, N3 delta slow waves, REM atonia.
Sleep study
A sleep study is a diagnostic test recording brain activity, breathing, blood oxygen, and body movement during sleep; attended in-lab polysomnography is the reference standard for diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea.
Sleep Theory
Sleep Theory is an American rock band from Memphis, Tennessee, fronted by Army veteran vocalist Cullen Moore and signed to Epitaph Records, formed in 2019.