All articles starting with S
44,216 articles
Small bowel atresia
Small bowel atresia, also called intestinal atresia, is a birth defect in which part of the small intestine is blocked or narrowed, causing bilious vomiting in newborns within 48 hours and treated surgically.
Small business
A small business, also known as a mom-and-pop shop or small enterprise, is an independently owned firm below government size thresholds; small firms employ 45.9% of US private workers.
Small Business Administration
The Small Business Administration (SBA) is a United States federal agency that helps small businesses through loan guarantees, counseling and training, federal contracting, and disaster recovery.
Small Cajal body-specific RNA
Small Cajal body-specific RNAs (scaRNAs, SCARNA genes) are non-coding guide RNAs in Cajal bodies that direct 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of spliceosomal snRNAs; at least 24 human scaRNAs exist, with CAB-box or GU-repeat localization signals.
Small caps
Small caps, also called small capitals, are capital letterforms drawn at roughly the x-height so they blend into lowercase text; true ones are specially drawn, not merely shrunken capitals.
Small cell
A small cell is a low-powered wireless base station covering a small area, used to extend coverage and add capacity where macro cell networks are weak or overloaded.
Small cell carcinoma of the bladder
Small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB), a rare aggressive neuroendocrine bladder cancer under 1% of cases, first reported 1981, marked by TP53/RB1 loss, hematuria, and treatment extrapolated from small cell lung cancer.
Small cell carcinoma of the ovary
Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT), a rare aggressive ovarian cancer of young women, first described 1979, causing hypercalcemia in two-thirds of cases and driven by SMARCA4 loss.
Small cell lung cancer
Small cell lung cancer is a fast-growing, aggressive lung cancer linked to smoking, making up about 15% of lung cancers; it spreads early but responds to chemotherapy and radiation.
Small Change
Small Change (L'Argent de poche, "Pocket Money") is François Truffaut's 1976 French comedy-drama about children in Thiers; also a 1976 Tom Waits album on Asylum and a Peter Gill play.
Small Changes (album)
Small Changes (2024) is Michael Kiwanuka's fourth album, released 22 November on Polydor/Geffen, produced by Danger Mouse and Inflo; 11 tracks, 40 minutes, Metascore 83, UK chart peak number 2.
Small Circular Mound
The Small Circular Mound was an Archaeological Survey of India protected monument at Lakhnu in Hathras district, Uttar Pradesh, protected in 1920 and later reported destroyed.
Small Club World Cup
Small Club World Cup (Pequeña Copa del Mundo, Mundialito de Clubes): club football tournament in Caracas, Venezuela, 1952–1975, main era 1952–57; forerunner of the Intercontinental Cup; Real Madrid won 1952 and 1956.
Small Conical Mound of Ruins Called Devi Ka Sthan
Devi-ka-sthan is a small conical mound of ruins at Bairant, Chandauli district, Uttar Pradesh, a centrally protected ASI monument (N-UP-S27) near the ancient fort on the Ban Ganga.
Small dendrobatid genera: Silverstoneia, Excidobates, Adelphobates and Epipedobates
Silverstoneia, Excidobates, Adelphobates, and Epipedobates are four small genera of poison dart frogs outside the familiar bright dart-frog lineages, split off in 2006 and 2008, with Epipedobates the source of the alkaloid epibatidine.
Small Down Knoll hill fort
Small Down Knoll hill fort (Small Down Camp) is a small multivallate Iron Age hillfort with a Bronze Age round barrow cemetery near Evercreech, Somerset, at 222 m on Mendip; scheduled monument 1006175, excavated by Gray in 1904.
Small Faces
Small Faces: English mod/psychedelic rock band formed in East London in 1965 by Steve Marriott, Ronnie Lane, Kenney Jones, and Jimmy Winston (later Ian McLagan). Known for "All Or Nothing", "Itchycoo Park", and the 1968 chart-topping Ogdens' Nut Gone Flake; became Faces after Marriott left, inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012.
Small Faces (1967 album)
Small Faces (1967) is the English mod-psych band's second album and Immediate Records debut, released June 23, 1967, recorded at Olympic Studios with Glyn Johns; distinct from the 1966 Decca debut of the same name.
Small Faces (1996 film)
Small Faces (1996) is a British coming-of-age drama directed by Gillies MacKinnon, set in 1968 Glasgow, about the Maclean brothers and gang violence; it won the 1996 Rotterdam Tiger Award.
Small files problem
Small files problem: performance degradation in HDFS and lakehouse tables (Delta Lake, Apache Iceberg) when many tiny files overwhelm NameNode metadata, add per-file overhead, and require compaction (OPTIMIZE, auto compaction) into larger files.
Small finance bank
A small finance bank is a licensed Indian bank, created by the Reserve Bank of India in 2014, that lends to small businesses, farmers, and unorganized-sector borrowers.
Small for gestational age
Small for gestational age (SGA) describes a fetus or newborn below the 10th weight percentile for gestational age and sex, distinguished from pathological fetal growth restriction, with elevated stillbirth risk and childhood growth follow-up.
Small Form-factor Pluggable
Small Form-factor Pluggable, also known as Mini-GBIC or SFP, is a hot-swappable transceiver module that plugs into network switches and routers to link their circuitry with fiber-optic or copper networks.
Small GTPase
Small GTPase: monomeric 21–30 kDa guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (Ras superfamily: Ras, Rho, Rab, Arf, Ran) acting as GDP/GTP molecular switches regulated by GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs.
Small GTPase Rho
Small GTPase Rho (Ras homolog) family: eukaryotic Ras-superfamily molecular switches (RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42) regulating the actin cytoskeleton, polarity, and migration via GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs; discovered in Aplysia in 1985.
Small heat shock protein IbpA
IbpA (inclusion body protein A) is a 15.7-kDa small heat shock protein of Escherichia coli, encoded with IbpB in the sigma 32-regulated ibpAB operon at 82.5 min; an ATP-independent holdase chaperone that binds aggregates and cooperates with IbpB, DnaK, and ClpB.
Small heat shock protein IbpB
IbpB (inclusion body protein B, ibpB) is a 16 kDa ATP-independent holding chaperone of E. coli; its 2.0–3.0 MDa oligomers dissociate on heat stress to active 600–700 kDa forms that hand substrates to DnaKJE-ClpB.
Small heat-shock protein
Small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs) are ATP-independent molecular chaperones defined by a conserved α-crystallin domain; they trap unfolding proteins to delay aggregation until ATP-dependent chaperones refold them.
Small Heath
Small Heath is an inner-city electoral ward of Birmingham, England, east of the centre along Coventry Road, known for its Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities, high deprivation scores, Small Heath Park, and Small Heath Alliance, the forerunner of Birmingham City F.C.
Small incision cataract surgery
Small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) removes a cataract and implants a lens through a small self-sealing scleral tunnel, delivering the nucleus manually rather than with ultrasound.