All articles starting with T
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Translational research
Translational research, also known as translational medicine or translational science, is biomedical research that turns laboratory, clinic, and community observations into interventions improving human health.
Translational symmetry
Translational symmetry, also known as translational invariance, is the invariance of a physical system or its laws under a shift in position. Continuous symmetry implies momentum conservation via Noether's theorem.
Translationally controlled tumour protein
Translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP, TPT1, p21/p23, fortilin, histamine-releasing factor) is a 172-amino-acid, highly conserved eukaryotic protein with intracellular cytoprotective and growth-regulating roles and extracellular cytokine-like activity in allergy and cancer.
Translations (play)
Translations is a 1980 play by Brian Friel, first staged in Derry by the Field Day Theatre Company and set in an Irish-speaking Donegal hedge school in 1833.
Translations of the Odyssey
Translations of the Odyssey: complete English renderings of Homer's Greek epic, from Chapman (1614) and Pope (1725) through Rieu, Fitzgerald, Lattimore (1965), Fagles (1996), Wilson (2017, first by a woman), and Mendelsohn (2025), differing in meter, fidelity, and diction.
Translesion synthesis protein REV1-like
REV1 (REV1-like) is a eukaryotic Y-family translesion synthesis DNA polymerase, a dCMP transferase using a protein-template arginine mechanism, best known as the scaffold recruiting Pol ζ and other TLS polymerases to DNA damage.
Translink (Northern Ireland)
Translink is the trading brand of Northern Ireland's publicly owned transport provider, running Metro and Ulsterbus buses and Northern Ireland Railways, including the Enterprise to Dublin.
Transliteration
Transliteration converts characters from one writing system to another script by script without translating words, distinct from transcription. Key systems include ISO 233, ISO 15919, ALA-LC, and BGN/PCGN; reversibility is a central design issue.
Translocase
Translocase: the GTPase enzyme moving tRNA–mRNA one codon through the ribosome during translation elongation; EF-G in bacteria, eEF2 in eukaryotes, EF4 catalyzing back-translocation.
Translocase of the outer membrane
Translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex, TOMCC): the mitochondrial outer membrane protein entry gate, built on the Tom40 β-barrel with receptors Tom70, Tom22, Tom20; imports most nucleus-encoded mitochondrial precursors.
Transluce
Transluce, legally Clarity AI Research Inc., is an American nonprofit research institute founded in October 2024 that builds open-source tooling for interpreting and overseeing AI systems.
Translucent concrete
Translucent concrete, also called light-transmitting concrete, is a cement-based material with embedded optical fibers that pass light through it; the first block, LiTraCon, was made in 2003.
Transluminal trabeculotomy
Transluminal trabeculotomy is a microinvasive glaucoma operation that opens Schlemm's canal and the trabecular meshwork from inside the eye, using an illuminated microcatheter or blunted suture, to lower intraocular pressure.
Transmat
Transmat is an American techno record label founded in Detroit in 1986 by Derrick May, one of the city's first techno labels alongside Metroplex and KMS.
TransMedics
TransMedics is a Massachusetts medical-technology company whose Organ Care System keeps donor hearts, lungs, and livers alive outside the body through warm blood perfusion rather than cold storage; it went public on NASDAQ in 2019.
Transmembrane glycoprotein
Transmembrane glycoproteins are membrane-spanning proteins glycosylated in the ER and Golgi, with surface oligosaccharides; examples include integrins, NCAMs, and MHC molecules, mediating adhesion, signaling, transport, and immunity.
Transmembrane pressure
Transmembrane pressure (TMP) is the difference in hydrostatic pressure between the two sides of a membrane, the driving force in microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis.
Transmembrane protein
A transmembrane protein is a protein that spans a biological membrane and mediates signaling, transport, and adhesion, occurring as α-helical bundles or β-barrels; about 20% of yeast proteins are transmembrane.
Transmetalation
Transmetalation is an organometallic reaction step in which an organic group bound to one metal is transferred to another, the distinguishing step of cross-coupling reactions like Suzuki–Miyaura.
Transmetropolitan
Transmetropolitan is a 60-issue DC Comics series (1997-2002) by Warren Ellis and Darick Robertson, first under Helix then Vertigo, following gonzo journalist Spider Jerusalem in a future City against presidents The Beast and The Smiler.
Transmigration program
The transmigration program, known in Indonesian as Transmigrasi, is an Indonesian government program moving people, usually voluntarily, from crowded islands such as Java to less populated regions, begun under Dutch rule in 1905.
TransMilenio
TransMilenio is a bus rapid transit system serving Bogotá, Colombia, with articulated buses on dedicated busways. Opened in 2000, it became a model for more than 100 cities.
Transmissibility
Transmissibility is the dimensionless ratio of a vibration output to its input, showing how much force or motion passes through a vibration isolator in force or motion excitation.
Transmissible gastroenteritis
Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), caused by TGE virus (TGEV), an Alphacoronavirus, is an acute, highly contagious viral enteric disease of swine with diarrhoea, vomiting, and near-total mortality in piglets under 2 weeks; a related respiratory variant, PRCV, complicates diagnosis.
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also called prion diseases, are rare, invariably fatal degenerative brain disorders caused by misfolded prion protein; human forms include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, kuru, and fatal familial insomnia.
Transmission (festival)
Transmission (festival) mainly names the Prague-based trance event founded in 2006 by United Music, held at the O2 Arena with themed arena shows; also Transmissions Festival, Ravenna's experimental music festival by Bronson Produzioni.
Transmission and rediscovery of classical drama
The transmission and rediscovery of classical drama is the story of how ancient Greek and Roman plays survived through Byzantine copyists and chance manuscripts into Renaissance printed editions, with only 32 complete Greek tragedies extant.
Transmission coefficient
The transmission coefficient is a dimensionless ratio of how much of a wave passes through an interface or barrier, defined across physics and engineering as amplitude, power, or probability ratios.
Transmission Company of Nigeria
The Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) is the state-owned company that owns and operates Nigeria's national electricity transmission grid, created in 2005 from the unbundled PHCN.
Transmission Control Protocol
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), a transport protocol of the Internet protocol suite, provides applications with reliable, in-order byte streams over IP, first specified in RFC 793 in 1981.