All articles A–Z
519,064 articles
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), 1945-1992 socialist Balkan federation of six republics under Tito's League of Communists, with workers' self-management and social ownership; dissolved 1991-92 into five equal successor states under the 2001 Vienna Agreement.
Socialist feminism
Socialist feminism, a 1970s feminist current combining Marxist and radical feminism, explains women's oppression through capitalism and patriarchy together, via concepts like capitalist patriarchy, dual systems theory, and social reproduction theory.
Socialist Forces Front
The Socialist Forces Front (Front des forces socialistes, FFS) is an Algerian social-democratic opposition party founded in 1963 by Hocine Aït Ahmed, Algeria's oldest constitutional opposition party.
Socialist fraternal kiss
The socialist fraternal kiss was a communist-leader greeting of embrace plus cheek or mouth kisses, rooted in Orthodox Easter customs, famously performed by Brezhnev and Honecker in 1979 and immortalized in Vrubel's Berlin Wall mural.
Socialist International
The Socialist International (SI) is the worldwide organisation of social democratic, socialist and labour parties, re-established at Frankfurt in 1951, now with 132 member parties, led since 2022 by President Pedro Sánchez, and challenged since 2013 by the Progressive Alliance split.
Socialist Labor Party of America
The Socialist Labor Party of America (SLP), founded 1876 as the Workingmen's Party of the United States and renamed in 1877, was the first US socialist party, led by Daniel De Leon from 1890, split in 1899 founding the Socialist Party of America, ran presidential candidates 1892–1976, and closed its office in 2008.
Socialist law
Socialist law, also called Soviet-type law, is the Marxist-Leninist legal family of communist states such as the USSR, China, Vietnam, and Cuba, defined by socialist legality, party-led justice, and state ownership.
Socialist market economy
The socialist market economy (社会主义市场经济) is an economic system in which a communist party combines market allocation with public ownership of key sectors, used by China since 1992 and Vietnam since 2001.
Socialist mode of production
The socialist mode of production, also called the lower stage of communism, is Marxian theory's system of social, democratic control of the means of production, contrasted with capitalism.
Socialist Party (France)
The Socialist Party, also known as the Parti socialiste français, is France's principal social-democratic party, refounded at the 1971 Épinay congress under François Mitterrand and led since 2018 by Olivier Faure.
Socialist Party (Netherlands)
Socialist Party (Socialistische Partij, SP), Dutch left-wing party founded 1972 as a Maoist CPN split; entered parliament 1994, peaked at 25 seats in 2006, led by Jimmy Dijk since 2023.
Socialist Party (Portugal)
Partido Socialista (PS): Portuguese centre-left social democratic party founded 19 April 1973 in Bad Münstereifel from the Acção Socialista Portuguesa; historic party of Mário Soares, alternated in government with the PSD, and fell to 58 seats behind Chega in the May 2025 election.
Socialist Party of Albania
The Socialist Party of Albania (Partia Socialiste e Shqipërisë, PS) is a social-democratic party founded in 1991 by Fatos Nano from the communist Party of Labour, led by Edi Rama since 2005, and in government 1997-2005 and 2013-present.
Socialist Party of America
Socialist Party of America (SPA), US democratic socialist party founded 1901 in Indianapolis from the Social Democratic Party and a Socialist Labor Party wing; led by Eugene V. Debs and Norman Thomas; split 1919 into the Communist parties, renamed Social Democrats USA in 1972.
Socialist Party of Chile
Socialist Party of Chile (Partido Socialista de Chile, PS), founded 19 April 1933 in Santiago by Grove, Matte, and Allende; Chilean left party that led the Unidad Popular government under Salvador Allende (1970–1973) and joined Concertación, Nueva Mayoría, and Boric governments.
Socialist Party of Greece
The Socialist Party of Greece (Σοσιαλιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας), founded by Platon Drakoulis in 1909, was among the first organized socialist bodies in modern Greek history.
Socialist Party of Puerto Rico
The Socialist Party of Puerto Rico (Partido Socialista Puertorriqueño, PSP) was a political party founded in 1971 seeking an independent, socialist republic; it dissolved in 1993.
Socialist Party of Senegal
The Socialist Party of Senegal (Parti socialiste, PS) is a Senegalese political party founded in 1948 by Léopold Sédar Senghor that governed Senegal from independence in 1960 until 2000.
Socialist Party of Serbia (Социјалистичка партија Србије)
Socialist Party of Serbia (Социјалистичка партија Србије, SPS), Serbian party founded July 1990 as successor to the League of Communists of Serbia; ruled under Milošević 1990–2000, led by Ivica Dačić since 2006, SNS junior coalition partner since 2012.
Socialist Party USA
Socialist Party USA (SPUSA), formally Socialist Party of the United States of America, a democratic socialist multi-tendency party reconstituted in Milwaukee in 1973 under Frank Zeidler, running independent socialist candidates and governed by a biennial National Convention.
Socialist People's Party (Norway)
Sosialistisk Folkeparti (SF), the Socialist People's Party of Norway, founded 1961 by Labour defectors opposing NATO; won 2 Storting seats 1961 and 1965, none 1969, joined the Socialist Election Alliance 1973, and merged into the Socialist Left Party in 1975–76.
Socialist realism
Socialist realism (Социалистический реализм, Sotsrealizm, Sorela) was the USSR's mandatory official art method from 1934, defined by Gorky at the Writers' Congress, requiring optimistic, party-minded depiction of reality in revolutionary development, enforced through state-controlled unions and spread across Eastern Europe and Asia.
Socialist realism in Bulgaria
Socialist realism in Bulgaria was the officially mandated artistic method of the People's Republic of Bulgaria, imposed on painting, literature, and theater from the late 1940s until 1989.
Socialist realism in Romania
Socialist realism in Romania was the officially imposed artistic and literary method of the Romanian People's Republic, instituted in 1948, which subordinated literature and the arts to the Communist Party.
Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Socijalistička Republika Bosna i Hercegovina) was one of six republics of socialist Yugoslavia, existing under that name from 1963 to 1992.
Socialist Republic of Chile
The Socialist Republic of Chile (República Socialista de Chile) was a short-lived Chilean state proclaimed on 4 June 1932 after a coup led by Marmaduke Grove forced President Montero's resignation, lasting twelve days.
Socialist Republic of Croatia
The Socialist Republic of Croatia (Socijalistička Republika Hrvatska), earlier the People's Republic of Croatia, was one of six constituent republics of Yugoslavia from 1963 to 1990.
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
The Socialist Republic of Macedonia (Социјалистичка Република Македонија) was one of the six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, named as such from 1963 to 1991.
Socialist Republic of Montenegro
The Socialist Republic of Montenegro (Socijalistička Republika Crna Gora) was one of six republics of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992, with its capital at Podgorica, renamed Titograd.
Socialist Republic of Romania
Socialist Republic of Romania (Republica Socialistă România): the communist Romanian state, 1965–1989, under the Romanian Communist Party, later Nicolae Ceaușescu's national-Stalinist dictatorship, ended by the violent December 1989 revolution and his execution.