All articles A–Z

Spin Master

Spin Master, also known as Spin Master Toys, is a Canadian toy and entertainment company founded in Toronto in 1994, known for PAW Patrol, Bakugan, and Rubik's Cube.

Oct 3, 2026

Spin Me Round is a 2022 comedy directed by Jeff Baena, co-written with star Alison Brie, about a chain-restaurant manager whose Italian company retreat turns chaotic; released by IFC Films, mixed reviews.

Spin Nernst effect

The spin Nernst effect is a thermo-spin effect in which a temperature gradient generates a transverse pure spin current in a nonmagnetic conductor, first observed in 2017.

Spin network

A spin network is a graph whose edges are labeled by group representations and whose vertices carry intertwiners, introduced by Roger Penrose in 1971 and central to loop quantum gravity.

Spin networks

Spin networks are graphs with edges labeled by group representations that serve as quantum states of space in loop quantum gravity, introduced by Roger Penrose in 1971.

Spin operator

In quantum mechanics, the spin operator is a vector operator whose components represent a particle's intrinsic angular momentum, which has no classical analogy and may take half-integer values.

Spin Peltier effect

The spin Peltier effect is a thermoelectric phenomenon in which a spin current injected into a magnetic material generates a heat current, heating or cooling the interface.

Spin polarization

Spin polarization is the imbalance between the spin-up and spin-down populations of a particle ensemble, ranging from zero for unpolarized spins to full alignment, and underlying spintronic memory.

Spin pumping

Spin pumping is the generation of a pure spin current, a flow of spin angular momentum with no charge flow, from a precessing ferromagnet into an adjacent material.

Spin quantum number

The spin quantum number, written s, fixes the magnitude of a particle's intrinsic angular momentum; electrons, protons, and neutrons have s = 1/2, photons s = 1.

Spin qubit

A spin qubit is a quantum bit encoding information in the spin of a confined electron in a semiconductor quantum dot, proposed by Loss and DiVincenzo in 1998.

Spin qubit quantum computer

A spin qubit quantum computer uses electron spin states in semiconductor quantum dots or donor atoms as qubits, benefiting from long coherence times and silicon manufacturing.

Spin recovery

Spin recovery is the set of control actions a pilot uses to return an airplane to normal flight after a spin, stopping rotation and reducing the angle of attack below stall.

Spin Seebeck effect

The spin Seebeck effect is the generation of a spin current by a temperature gradient in a magnetic material, first demonstrated by K. Uchida and colleagues in 2008.

Spin Seebeck effect in YIG/Pt

The spin Seebeck effect in YIG/Pt is a spin-caloritronic effect where a temperature gradient in the ferrimagnetic insulator YIG generates a spin current converted to voltage in platinum.

Spin squeezing

Spin squeezing is a quantum effect that reduces uncertainty in one collective spin component at the cost of another, enabling more precise atomic clocks and spectroscopy.

Spin stabilization

Spin stabilization is a passive spacecraft attitude-control technique in which the whole vehicle spins, so its angular momentum stays fixed and gyroscopic stiffness resists disturbance torques.

Spin structure

A spin structure is a lift of an oriented Riemannian manifold's frame bundle to the group Spin(n), the data needed to define spinor fields and Dirac operators on curved spaces.

Spin superconductor

A spin superconductor is a proposed quantum state of matter in which spin angular momentum, rather than electric charge, flows without dissipation, with zero spin resistance.

Spin supercurrent

A spin supercurrent is a dissipationless flow of spin angular momentum, first seen in superfluid helium-3 and later carried by spin-triplet Cooper pairs through ferromagnets in superconductors.

Spin superfluidity

Spin superfluidity is a proposed dissipationless state of magnetic matter in which spin travels long distances via a spin phase gradient, reported experimentally in antiferromagnets such as Cr2O3.

Spin transfer torque

Spin transfer torque (STT) is an effect in which a spin-polarized electric current transfers angular momentum to a magnetic layer, switching its magnetization without an applied magnetic field.

Sep 29, 2026

Spin trapping

Spin trapping is a technique, introduced by Edward G. Janzen and Barry J. Blackburn in 1968, that converts short-lived radicals into stable nitroxide adducts detectable by EPR spectroscopy.

Spin-1/2

Spin-1/2 is the property of quantum particles such as electrons, protons, and neutrons whose spin along any axis has only two outcomes, demonstrated by Stern and Gerlach in 1922.

Spin-boson model

The spin-boson model is an open quantum systems model in which a two-level system is coupled to a dissipative bath of harmonic oscillators, describing electron transfer and hydrogen tunneling.

Spin-center shift

The spin-center shift (SCS) is a radical reaction mechanism in which the radical center shifts one atom as an adjacent leaving group departs, now widely used in photoredox catalysis.

Spin-dependent Seebeck effect

The spin-dependent Seebeck effect is the generation of different thermoelectric voltages for the two electron spin channels in a magnetic material, producing a spin current from heat.

Spin-orbit Mott physics in honeycomb iridates

Spin-orbit Mott physics in honeycomb iridates describes the insulating state of layered iridium oxides like Na2IrO3, where strong spin-orbit coupling and electron repulsion produce spin-orbit-entangled magnetic moments enabling Kitaev-type exchange.

Spin-orbit proximity effect

The spin-orbit proximity effect is the induction of spin-orbit coupling in a material with almost none, such as graphene, by van der Waals contact with a strong-coupling layer like WS2.