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Spinning (textiles)
Spinning, also known as hand spinning or wool spinning, is the textile process of converting staple fiber into yarn by drawing and twisting it; ring spinning has dominated since the early 1800s.
Spinning bee
Spinning bee: a communal gathering where women spin yarn together. Known from early modern Europe (Spinnstube, veillée) and colonial New England, where 1766–1771 bees produced homespun as protest against British imports.
Spinning disk confocal microscopy
Spinning disk confocal microscopy (SDCM) is a fluorescence technique that forms optical sections through a rotating disk of pinholes, enabling fast, low-phototoxicity 3D imaging of living cells.
Spinning Gears
Spinning Gears (歯車, Haguruma) is a short story by the Japanese writer Akutagawa Ryūnosuke, written in 1927 and published posthumously in Bungei Shunjū, describing a writer's breakdown through visions of translucent gears.
Spinning jenny
The spinning jenny is a hand-powered multi-spindle spinning machine invented in the 1760s by the Lancashire weaver James Hargreaves, letting one operator spin eight threads at once.
Spinning Man
Spinning Man: 2018 psychological thriller by Swedish director Simon Kaijser, screenplay Matthew Aldrich, adapted from George Harrar's 2003 novel. Guy Pearce plays philosophy professor Evan Birch, prime suspect in a student's disappearance, opposite Pierce Brosnan's Detective Malloy; Lionsgate Premiere released it to $283,755 and mixed reviews.
Spinning Out
Spinning Out is a 2020 Netflix drama series, 10 episodes, created by former skater Samantha Stratton, starring Kaya Scodelario as injured skater Kat Baker; canceled after one season.
Spinning reserve
Spinning reserve is the portion of operating reserve from generators already synchronized to the grid and running below full output, able to increase production within about 10 minutes.
Spinning Up in Deep RL
Spinning Up in Deep RL is an educational resource released by OpenAI in 2018, combining RL theory, a reading list, and minimal implementations of six core algorithms.
Spinning wheel
A spinning wheel is a device that turns drafted fibers into yarn faster and more consistently than a drop spindle, using a drive wheel turned by hand or foot.
Spinny
Spinny is a Gurugram-based Indian used-car retail company founded in 2015 that buys, refurbishes, and sells cars directly to consumers, with financing, insurance, and after-sales service, selling about 15,000 cars monthly.
Spinocerebellar ataxia
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA): group of over 40 rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorders causing cerebellar degeneration and progressive ataxia; SCA3 most common; no FDA-approved SCA drug.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), an autosomal dominant polyglutamine disease from CAG repeat expansion in ATXN1 on 6p22, causing progressive ataxia, dysarthria, bulbar failure; onset third to fourth decade.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is a rare autosomal dominant ataxia with seizures caused by an ATTCT pentanucleotide repeat expansion in intron 9 of ATXN10 on chromosome 22q13, found mainly in people of Indigenous American ancestry.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by TTBK2 mutations, classified as ADCA III, with onset at 11-70 years, slowly progressive ataxia, nystagmus, dysarthria, and supportive-only treatment.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12), a rare autosomal dominant ataxia from a CAG expansion in PPP2R2B, begins with action tremor, is most common in Indian Agarwal families, and has no approved treatment.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 13 (SCA13) is an extremely rare form of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by mutations in the KCNC3 gene, which encodes the Kv3.3 potassium channel.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by PRKCG mutations encoding PKCγ, with onset in the 30s, slowly progressive gait ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, and normal life span.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 15/16
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 15/16 is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary ataxia caused by ITPR1 gene deletions, causing progressive gait ataxia, dysarthria, tremor, and cognitive impairment with onset in adulthood.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17, ATX-TBP, Huntington disease-like 4) is a rare autosomal dominant polyglutamine disease from CAG/CAA repeat expansion in TBP on 6q27, causing ataxia, dementia, chorea, dystonia, and psychiatric symptoms with onset from 3 to 75 years.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 18
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 18 (SCA18, SMNA, OMIM 607458) is a very rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia with sensory neuropathy, mapped to chromosome 7q22-q23 with no confirmed disease gene; distinct from recessive GRID2-related SCAR18.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 19/22
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 19/22 (SCA19/22, ORPHA:98772) is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by KCND3 mutations encoding the Kv4.3 potassium channel, with slowly progressive ataxia, cognitive impairment, myoclonus, and tremor.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), also called olivopontocerebellar atrophy, is an autosomal dominant ataxia caused by CAG repeat expansion in ATXN2 (chromosome 12), with slow saccades, onset in the fourth decade, and 10-15 year duration.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 23
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 23 (SCA23, OMIM 610245) is a very rare adult-onset autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by missense mutations in the PDYN gene, described mainly in Dutch families, with gait ataxia, dysarthria, and slow saccades.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 25
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 25 (SCA25) is a very rare autosomal dominant condition combining cerebellar ataxia with sensory neuropathy, first mapped in a large French family in 2004.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 26
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 26 (SCA26) is a very rare, slowly progressive hereditary ataxia caused by an EEF2 gene mutation, described so far in one American family of Norwegian descent.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27A
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27A (SCA27A, formerly SCA27) is a rare autosomal dominant ataxia from FGF14 loss-of-function variants, marked by early tremor, slowly progressive ataxia, and cognitive impairment, distinct from the GAA-expansion SCA27B.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27B
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 27B (SCA27B, GAA-FGF14 ataxia) is an autosomal dominant adult-onset cerebellar ataxia caused by a GAA repeat expansion in intron 1 of FGF14, fully penetrant above 300 repeats, treatable with 4-aminopyridine.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 28
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 28 (SCA28), a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia caused by AFG3L2 mutations on chromosome 18p, with young-adult onset, slow progression, ocular signs, and no specific treatment.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 29
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 29 (SCA29, congenital nonprogressive spinocerebellar ataxia, OMIM 117360) is a rare autosomal dominant ITPR1-related ataxia with neonatal or infantile onset, very slow or absent progression, dysarthria, nystagmus, and intellectual disability.