All articles A–Z

Infrared sauna

Infrared sauna, also called far-infrared sauna: a cabin using infrared lamps or panels to heat the body directly at 110–135 °F, unlike traditional saunas; studied for heart failure, hypertension, and chronic pain.

Oct 15, 2026

Infrared Space Observatory

The Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) was a European Space Agency satellite with a 60 cm helium-cooled telescope that made nearly 30,000 infrared observations between 1995 and 1998.

Infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry

Infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry is a contactless, nondestructive optical technique measuring how infrared light's polarization changes on reflection, yielding dielectric functions, phonon properties, and free-carrier data.

Infrared spectroscopic imaging

Infrared spectroscopic imaging combines an infrared spectrometer with a microscope to record a full mid-infrared spectrum at each pixel, mapping chemical composition label-free for applications such as digital histopathology.

Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy, also known as IR spectroscopy, is an analytical technique that measures which infrared frequencies a sample absorbs, revealing molecular structure and chemical identity.

Infrared thermal imaging

Infrared thermal imaging is a passive remote sensing technique that records infrared radiation emitted by surfaces and converts it into temperature maps without contact, used in handheld cameras and satellites.

Infrared thermometer

An infrared thermometer, also known as a laser thermometer or temperature gun, is a non-contact instrument that measures temperature from the thermal radiation an object emits.

Oct 22, 2026

Infrared upconversion

Infrared upconversion is the conversion of low-energy infrared photons into higher-energy visible or near-infrared light, achieved in devices that stack an infrared photodetector with a light-emitting diode, enabling applications like night vision and bioimaging.

Infrasound

Infrasound, or infrasonic sound, is sound below about 20 Hz, beneath human hearing, used to monitor nuclear explosions, volcanic eruptions, and meteors and by elephants to communicate over long distances.

Sep 19, 2026

Infrasound Music Festival (festival)

Infrasound Music Festival, also billed as Infrasound, is an independent bass and experimental electronic music festival founded in 2012 by Alex Heiligman and David Liberman.

Infraspinatus muscle

Infraspinatus (Musculus infraspinatus), a rotator cuff muscle of the scapula's infraspinous fossa inserting on the humerus greater tubercle; external rotation and shoulder stabilization, suprascapular nerve C5-C6, prone to tendinopathy and tears.

Infrastructure

Infrastructure is the system of basic physical facilities, equipment, and organizations that delivers essential services such as transport, energy, water, sanitation, and communications to a society.

Infrastructure as a service

Infrastructure as a service, or IaaS, is a cloud computing model where a provider supplies processing, storage, and networking, while the customer controls the operating systems and applications.

Infrastructure as code

Infrastructure as code (IaC) is a methodology for provisioning computing infrastructure, such as networks and virtual machines, by defining it in definition files and treating it like application code, with tools like Terraform applying the changes.

Infrastructure asset management

Infrastructure asset management (IAM) is the systematic process by which organizations operate, maintain, and upgrade physical infrastructure like roads, bridges, and pipelines to deliver service at acceptable cost.

Oct 10, 2026

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, also called the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, is a US federal statute signed in 2021 authorizing about $1.2 trillion for infrastructure over five years.

Oct 15, 2026

Infrastructure investment trust

An infrastructure investment trust (InvIT) is a SEBI-regulated Indian investment vehicle that owns income-generating infrastructure assets like toll roads and distributes most cash to unitholders.

Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services

Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services (IL&FS) was an Indian infrastructure finance group founded in 1987 whose 2018 default triggered a liquidity crisis and a government takeover.

Infrequent episodic tension-type headache

Infrequent episodic tension-type headache (ICHD-3 code 2.1, ICD-11 8A81.0) is a primary headache with bilateral pressing pain on fewer than 1 day per month, lasting 30 minutes to 7 days, without nausea.

Infrequent menstrual bleeding

Infrequent menstrual bleeding (ICD-11 GA20.11, 希発月経出血), formerly oligomenorrhea, is menstrual bleeding at intervals longer than 38 days by FIGO definition, usually from ovulatory disorders such as PCOS, hypothalamic amenorrhea, or hyperprolactinemia.

Infront Sports & Media

Infront Sports & Media AG, Zug, Switzerland-based sports marketing agency owned by Wanda Group; via Football Media Services with Dentsu sells FIFA World Cup rights in 26 Asian territories; founded 2003 from Kirch Sport; CEO Philippe Blatter.

Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis

Infundibulo-neurohypophysitis is a rare acquired form of primary hypophysitis marked by inflammation of the posterior pituitary and stalk, causing diabetes insipidus with excessive thirst and urination.

Infusion Pumps

Infusion pumps: medical devices delivering fluids and drugs (insulin, antibiotics, chemotherapy, pain relievers) in controlled amounts; FDA Class 2 devices under 21 CFR 880.5725, cleared via 510(k), with types including syringe, elastomeric, peristaltic, PCA, and smart pumps.

Infusion Software Inc

Infusion Software Inc is a Delaware-incorporated software company in Chandler, Arizona, founded in 2001 and known for Keap (formerly Infusionsoft), a small-business CRM acquired by Thryv in 2024.

Infusional fluorouracil and leucovorin regimen

The infusional fluorouracil and leucovorin regimen is a chemotherapy combination giving 5-fluorouracil by continuous intravenous infusion with leucovorin, used chiefly to treat colorectal and other cancers.

ING Group

ING Group, also known as ING Groep N.V., is a Dutch banking and financial services corporation formed by a 1991 merger, serving about 41 million retail customers.

Sep 19, 2026

Ing. Sumetzberger GmbH

Ing. Sumetzberger GmbH is a family-run Austrian manufacturer of pneumatic tube systems, founded in Vienna in 1921, whose systems carry blood samples, cash, and gemstones in 66 countries.

ING1

ING1 (inhibitor of growth family member 1, p33ING1) is a human tumor suppressor gene on 13q34 encoding nuclear PHD-finger proteins that bind H3K4me3, recruit Sin3A/HDAC complexes, cooperate with p53, and are frequently downregulated in cancers.

Inga

Inga is a genus of about 300 species of nitrogen-fixing trees in the legume family Fabaceae, native to tropical America and long grown as shade for coffee and cacao.