All articles A–Z
519,064 articles
Inherited sterility in insects
Inherited sterility (F1 sterility), an SIT derivative for moth pests: partly irradiated, still-fertile released insects pass chromosome damage to highly sterile, male-biased offspring, allowing lower radiation doses than full sterilization.
Inherkhau
Inherkhau, also Inerkhau or Anherkhau, was a foreman of the left side of the royal Tomb at Deir el-Medina in the 12th century BC; his tomb, TT359, is open to the public.
Inhibin
Inhibin is a gonadal glycoprotein hormone of the TGF-β superfamily, secreted by Sertoli and granulosa cells, that suppresses FSH secretion; it is used in prenatal screening for Down syndrome and as a marker of ovarian reserve.
Inhibition assay
An inhibition assay is a bench biology method measuring how a competitor reduces a target's binding or activity, yielding percent inhibition, IC50, and an inhibition constant (Ki).
Inhibitor of Apoptosis
Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are BIR-domain proteins first found in baculoviruses, later in eukaryotes including the human family XIAP, cIAP1/2, NAIP, and Survivin; they inhibit caspases, act as E3 ubiquitin ligases, and are targeted by Smac mimetics in cancer drug development.
Inhibitory interneuron
Inhibitory interneurons are local-circuit neurons, mostly GABAergic (glycinergic in spinal cord), about 20% of cortical neurons, subdivided into PV, SOM, and 5HT3aR classes that stabilize networks, generate oscillations, and prevent epilepsy.
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP): hyperpolarizing or shunting postsynaptic response at GABA/glycine synapses, discovered by Eccles in 1952 in cat spinal motoneurons, driven by chloride and potassium conductances.
Inhibrx, Inc.
Inhibrx, Inc. was a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing single-domain antibody therapeutics for cancer and orphan diseases; Sanofi acquired it in 2024 for its lead program INBRX-101.
Inhin Hathiyaron Se
Inhin Hathiyaron Se (इन्हीं हथियारों से, "With These Very Weapons") is a 2003 Hindi novel by Amarkant depicting the Quit India Movement of 1942 in Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh.
Inhomogeneous broadening
Inhomogeneous broadening is the widening of a spectroscopic line caused by emitters having different transition frequencies, arising from Doppler shifts in gases and structural disorder in solids.
Inhomogeneous cosmology
Inhomogeneous cosmology is the study of cosmological models whose spacetime is not assumed homogeneous and isotropic, spanning exact solutions such as Lemaître–Tolman–Bondi universes and the averaging, or backreaction, program.
Inhumans
The Inhumans are a Marvel Comics superhuman species created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, debuting in Fantastic Four #45 (1965); Kree-engineered humans powered by Terrigen Mists, ruled by Black Bolt's royal family from Attilan, adapted in a poorly received 2017 ABC series.
Inhumans (TV series)
Marvel's Inhumans is a 2017 ABC one-season series (showrunner Scott Buck) about Black Bolt's royal family fleeing Maximus's coup in Attilan to Hawaii; the first live-action TV series to premiere in IMAX, canceled after scoring 10% on Rotten Tomatoes.
Inhwan Hwang
Inhwan Hwang (황인환) is a South Korean plant molecular biologist and professor at POSTECH since 1999, known for identifying AKR2A, a targeting factor essential for chloroplast biogenesis.
Ini (pharaoh)
Ini, also written Iny or Inii, was a ruler of Thebes in ancient Egypt's Third Intermediate Period, reigning about 739–734 BC under the throne name Menkheperre.
Ini Edo
Ini Edo (Iniobong Edo Ekim), born 1982 in Akwa Ibom State, is a Nollywood actress and producer known for World Apart (2004) and producing the Netflix series Shanty Town (2023); she has also been a UN-Habitat Youth Envoy and Akwa Ibom tourism official.
INI file
An INI file, also called an initialization file, is a plain-text configuration file storing program settings as key-value pairs grouped into sections, originating with early Windows.
Ini-Teshub
Ini-Teššub was a king of Carchemish in the 13th century BC, ruling as viceroy in Syria for the Hittite Great Kings and attested by a treaty with Ugarit.
Ini-Teshub II
Ini-Teshub (Initešub) was a king attested in 1100 BC in the annals of the Assyrian ruler Tiglath-Pileser I, commonly identified as a king of Carchemish in northern Syria.
Inibsharri
Inibsharri (Inib-Šarri) was a princess of Mari and daughter of King Zimrī-Lîm in the 18th century BC, twice married to vassal kings of the Habur region.
Inibshina
Inibshina (Inib-šīna) was an Old Babylonian princess of Ešnunna, daughter of King Daduša, known only from an inscribed balance weight found at Assur that may point to a marriage alliance with Assyria.
Iniencephaly
Iniencephaly (ICD-10 Q00.2) is a rare, usually lethal neural tube defect with occipital bone defect, cervical spina bifida, extreme fixed retroflexion of the head, and apparent absence of the neck, often with anencephaly and other malformations.
Inierie
Inierie (Gunung Inierie, Rokka Peak) is Indonesia's highest volcano on Flores island, a 2,245 m symmetrical stratovolcano near Bajawa; last known eruption 8050 BCE at Wolo Bobo, with fumarolic plumes and hot springs.
Iñigo Abbad y Lasierra
Iñigo Abbad y Lasierra (1745–1813) was a Spanish Benedictine priest and historian, remembered as the first historian of Puerto Rico; his 1782 Historia geográfica founded Puerto Rican historiography.
Inigo Jones
Inigo Jones (1573–1652) was an English architect and Surveyor of the King's Works who introduced classical Palladian architecture to England through the Queen's House, Greenwich, and the Banqueting House, Whitehall.
Iñigo Martincorena
Iñigo Martincorena, also written Inigo Martincorena, is a Spanish group leader at the Wellcome Sanger Institute in Cambridge who studies somatic mutation in normal tissues, cancer, and aging.
Iñigo Martínez
Iñigo Martínez Berridi, Spanish left-footed centre-back born 1991 in Ondarroa; Real Sociedad, Athletic Club, Barcelona (2024/25 treble), now Al Nassr; 21 Spain caps, Nations League winner.
Inigo Montoya
Inigo Montoya (Íñigo Montoya), fictional Spanish swordsman in William Goldman's 1973 novel The Princess Bride and Rob Reiner's 1987 film, played by Mandy Patinkin; avenges his father Domingo, killed by the six-fingered Count Rugen.
Iñigo U. Zobel
Iñigo U. Zobel (born 1957) is a Filipino businessman who has chaired Top Frontier Investment Holdings, San Miguel Corporation's largest shareholder, since 2008, and sits on San Miguel's board.
Iniko
Iniko (Iniko Ijhara Dixon, born 1996) is a Brooklyn-born nonbinary singer-songwriter signed to Audio Angel/Columbia Records, known for the viral, gold-certified single "Jericho" and the 2025 debut album The Awakening.