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Inimabakesh
Inimabakeš was a Gutian ruler named in the Sumerian King List, credited with a 5-year reign over Sumer and Akkad after the fall of the Akkadian Empire.
Iniparib
Iniparib (BSI-201, SAR240550), 4-iodo-3-nitrobenzamide, an investigational anticancer drug once classed as a PARP inhibitor; promising phase 2 results in triple-negative breast cancer were not confirmed in phase 3, and it acts via cysteine-protein modification.
Inishowen
Inishowen (Inis Eoghain) is Ireland's largest peninsula, in northern County Donegal, bounded by Lough Foyle, Lough Swilly, and the Atlantic; it holds Malin Head, the mainland's northernmost point, and anchors the Wild Atlantic Way's northern end.
Init
Init, short for initialization, is the first user-space process an operating system kernel starts after boot, traditionally /sbin/init, running as process ID 1 and starting all services.
Initial coin offering
An initial coin offering (ICO) is a form of crowdfunding in which a blockchain project sells its own cryptographic tokens to the public, beginning with MasterCoin in 2013.
Initial conditions of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
The initial conditions of relativistic heavy-ion collisions are the energy–momentum tensor and conserved charge currents handed to hydrodynamic simulations, modeled from nuclear geometry through the Glasma stage toward hydrodynamization.
Initial D (頭文字D)
Initial D (頭文字D) is Shigeno Shūichi's street racing manga serialized in Weekly Young Magazine 1995–2013, 48 volumes, 55 million copies sold, about tofu-delivery driver Takumi Fujiwara and his AE86; distinct from other works named Initial D.
Initial D (頭文字D) (film)
Initial D (頭文字D) is the 2005 Hong Kong live-action film of Shigeno's racing manga, directed by Andrew Lau and Alan Mak, starring Jay Chou as Takumi Fujiwara; 109 minutes, 2005 HK box-office champion, 4K re-release 2025.
Initial D (頭文字D) (video game series)
Initial D Arcade Stage (頭文字D ARCADE STAGE) is Sega's arcade racing series based on Shuichi Shigeno's Initial D, running since 2002 on NAOMI 2, Lindbergh, and RingEdge hardware, with drift-based touge battles, card-saved car tuning, Eurobeat music, and the four-player Initial D The Arcade (2021).
Initial data construction in numerical relativity
Initial data construction in numerical relativity produces a spatial slice of spacetime satisfying Einstein's constraint equations, so an evolution code can start from a valid snapshot.
Initial mass function
The initial mass function (IMF) is the empirical distribution of the masses stars have at birth, counting how many stars form in each mass interval.
Initial orders (EDSAC)
The initial orders were the start-up program of EDSAC, the Cambridge computer, written by David Wheeler in 1949 and widely described as the first assembler.
Initial orthostatic hypotension
Initial orthostatic hypotension (IOH) is a transient fall of ≥40 mmHg systolic and/or ≥20 mmHg diastolic blood pressure within 15 seconds of standing, resolving in 45–60 seconds, caused by delayed vasoconstrictive compensation, not autonomic failure.
Initial periodontal therapy
Initial periodontal therapy, also known as Phase I or cause-related therapy, is the first active phase of periodontitis treatment, combining plaque control, scaling, and risk-factor control.
Initial public offering
An initial public offering (IPO), also called a stock market flotation, is a company's first sale of shares to the public, typically with an exchange listing.
Initial public offering of Facebook
The initial public offering of Facebook, the Facebook IPO, was the largest technology IPO in U.S. history at the time, raising $16 billion on NASDAQ in May 2012.
Initial public offering of SpaceX
The initial public offering of SpaceX, its first sale of stock to public investors, closed in June 2026, raising about $85.7 billion on Nasdaq under the symbol SPCX.
Initial singularity
The initial singularity, also called the Big-Bang singularity, is the hypothetical state of infinite density and temperature to which general relativity extrapolates the universe backward in time.
Initial value formulation (general relativity)
The initial value formulation, also called the Cauchy problem, of general relativity determines a spacetime from metric and extrinsic curvature data on a spacelike hypersurface, subject to four constraint equations.
Initialization vector
An initialization vector (IV), also called a starting variable, is a data block that some block cipher modes require as an additional input alongside the key and plaintext.
Initialized Superclass
Initialized Superclass is the name of two venture capital funds of Initialized, a San Francisco seed firm, which raised $220 million in 2019 and 2021.
Initiated chemical vapor deposition
Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) is an all-dry thin-film method, developed at MIT beginning in the 1990s, in which vaporized monomers polymerize on cool substrates to form conformal polymer films.
Initiation
Initiation, also known as an initiation ceremony or rite of passage, is a ritual marking a radical change in social or age status, found in all known cultures and structured through separation, liminality, and incorporation.
Initiation factor
Initiation factors (IF1, IF2, IF3 in bacteria; eIFs in eukaryotes) are proteins that help ribosomes start translation, position initiator tRNA, and select the start codon; bacteria use three, archaea at least six, eukaryotes at least 12.
Initiative
Initiative (citizen initiative, ballot initiative): direct-democracy device letting voters propose laws or constitutional amendments by petition, used in 24 U.S. states since Oregon's 1902 Oregon System and in Switzerland and elsewhere.
Initiatives and referendums in the United States
Initiatives and referendums in the United States let citizens in roughly half the states vote directly on laws and constitutional amendments, a practice begun in South Dakota in 1898.
Initiator caspases
Initiator caspases, also called apical caspases, are the proteases that launch apoptosis: caspase-8 and -10 act in the extrinsic pathway and caspase-9 in the intrinsic pathway.
Initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo
Initiator full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo, introduced by Cleland and colleagues in 2010, is a variant of FCIQMC that removes the annihilation plateau at the cost of a small bias.
Initiator tRNA (tRNA^fMet)
Initiator tRNA is the specialized methionine-carrying transfer RNA that starts protein synthesis, carrying N-formylmethionine in bacteria and organelles, unformylated methionine in eukaryotic and archaeal cytoplasm, and binding directly to the ribosomal P site.
INITonSD trial
INITonSD (NCT07232316) is a completed single-blinded randomized trial at Ziauddin University, Karachi, comparing Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique with conventional exercise in 82 adults aged 20-40 with Scapular Dyskinesis Type II over six weeks.