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Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma
Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS), also called interdigitating cell or reticulum cell sarcoma, is an extremely rare aggressive dendritic cell tumor of lymph nodes and extranodal sites, with roughly 100 reported cases, treated mainly by surgical resection.
Interdisc (Argentina)
Interdisc was an Argentine record label founded in Buenos Aires in 1977 by Ruben "Pelo" Aprile, known for developing acts like Virus and Los Fabulosos Cadillacs.
Interdisciplinarity
Interdisciplinarity integrates knowledge, methods, and perspectives from multiple disciplines to address problems too complex for one field, distinct from multidisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity; term coined early 20th century by the Social Science Research Council.
Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation
ICAMS, the Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation, is a research centre at Ruhr University Bochum founded in 2008 that develops multi-scale simulation tools for advanced materials and runs the Materials Science and Simulation master's program.
Interdunal wetland
Interdunal wetland, also called dune slack, is a wetland in depressions between dunes or beach ridges with a fluctuating water table; Great Lakes, European, Californian, and desert variants are imperiled, hydrologically sensitive habitats.
Interdune trough
Interdune trough: the flat, elongate low area between adjacent dunes in a dune complex; when wind-eroded through a vegetated coastal foredune it forms a trough blowout with jet airflow, deflation basin, and downwind depositional lobe.
Interest
Interest is the price paid for the use of money over time, the cost of borrowing and the return on saving, set by supply and demand for loans.
Interest coverage ratio
The interest coverage ratio (ICR), also called times interest earned, is a credit measure of EBIT divided by interest expense, showing how easily a company pays interest.
Interest on reserve balances
Interest on reserve balances is the rate the Federal Reserve pays banks on balances held at Reserve Banks, its main tool for steering short-term interest rates.
Interest rate
An interest rate is the cost of borrowing money, and central banks set a policy rate, like the US federal funds rate, to steer demand and inflation.
Interest rate cap and floor
An interest rate cap and floor are over-the-counter options on floating rates like SOFR: a cap pays when the rate fixes above the strike, a floor when it fixes below.
Interest rate parity
Interest rate parity is the no-arbitrage condition linking spot and forward exchange rates with nominal interest rates in two currencies, so covered arbitrage earns no riskless profit; Keynes formalized it in 1923.
Interest rate swap
An interest rate swap is a derivative contract in which counterparties exchange fixed and floating interest payments on a notional principal, the largest segment of the derivatives market.
Interesterification
Interesterification is a process that redistributes fatty acyl groups within triacylglycerols to change melting and crystallization properties, though the fatty acid composition remains unchanged.
Interface (computing)
In computing, an interface is a shared boundary between two functional units, covering APIs for programmers, user interfaces for people, and object contracts in languages like Java.
Interface conditions for electromagnetic fields
Interface conditions for electromagnetic fields, also called electromagnetic boundary conditions, are the rules electric and magnetic fields obey at the boundary between two different media.
Interface control document
An interface control document (ICD) is an engineering document that defines the boundary between two systems, equipment, or organizations, keeping separately developed items compatible when joined.
Interface ferromagnetism at LaAlO3/SrTiO3
Interface ferromagnetism at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 is magnetic ordering in the two-dimensional electron system formed where the two non-magnetic insulators lanthanum aluminate and strontium titanate meet, coexisting with superconductivity below 300 mK.
Interface management
Interface management is the systems engineering discipline of controlling interactions between system elements through formal documents and change control, keeping interoperating products functionally and physically compatible.
Interface passivation
Interface passivation is the treatment of layer boundaries in semiconductor devices, most prominently perovskite solar cells, to reduce defect states, suppress non-radiative recombination, and block degradation pathways.
Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is a NASA Small Explorer satellite launched in 2013 to study the Sun's chromosphere and transition region and how the corona heats up.
Interface segregation principle
The interface segregation principle, a software design principle from Robert C. Martin, states that clients should not be forced to depend on interfaces they do not use.
Interface superconductivity
Interface superconductivity is superconductivity that appears at, or is strengthened by, the boundary between two materials, seen in oxide interfaces and in monolayer FeSe on SrTiO₃.
Interfacial dipole engineering in perovskite solar cells
Interfacial dipole engineering in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) inserts oriented molecular dipole layers at device interfaces, tuning energy-level alignment, passivating defects, and improving efficiency and stability.
Interfacial engineering in solar cells
Interfacial engineering in solar cells is the deliberate design of boundaries between a photovoltaic device's functional layers to cut recombination losses, align energy levels, and improve efficiency and stability.
Interfacial ferroelectricity
Interfacial ferroelectricity produces spontaneous, reversible electric polarization through charge transfer between stacked van der Waals layers, seen in sliding bilayers like WTe2 and twisted boron nitride.
Interfacial phase-change memory
Interfacial phase-change memory (iPCM) is a type of phase-change memory built from alternating GeTe and Sb₂Te₃ layers, first demonstrated in 2011 and credited with lower switching energy than conventional PCM.
Interfacial polymerization
Interfacial polymerization, also called interfacial polycondensation, is a self-limiting step-growth polymerization at the interface of two immiscible liquids, used to make polyamide reverse-osmosis membranes, microcapsules, and nylon thread.
Interfacial rheology
Interfacial rheology is the study of the deformation of fluid-fluid interfaces, such as gas-liquid boundaries, under stress, split into shear and dilatational modes and key to emulsion and foam stability.
Interfacial synthesis
Interfacial synthesis is a chemical method that carries out reactions at the boundary between two immiscible phases, such as water and an organic solvent, to make polymers and membranes.