All articles A–Z

Iodipamide

Iodipamide (adipiodone, brand Cholografin) is an iodinated hepatotropic X-ray contrast medium used for intravenous cholangiography; FDA-approved 1954, now discontinued.

Iodised salt is food-grade salt fortified with iodine (potassium iodide or iodate) to prevent goitre and iodine deficiency disorders; WHO recommends universal salt iodization, adopted in 126 countries with mandatory legislation as of 2021.

Iodixanol

Iodixanol, marketed as Visipaque, is a non-ionic dimeric iodinated X-ray contrast medium formulated to be iso-osmolar with blood, used in coronary and cerebral angiography and CT.

Iodoacetamide

Iodoacetamide, or 2-iodoacetamide, is an alkylating reagent with formula C2H4INO that reacts with cysteine thiol groups in proteins, widely used to prevent disulfide re-formation in proteomics sample preparation.

Iodofenphos

Iodofenphos (CAS 18181-70-9), organophosphate insecticide and acaricide introduced by CIBA in 1966 as Nuvanol N; cholinesterase inhibitor for flies, mosquitoes, and poultry-house pests; now obsolete and not EU-approved.

Iodoform

Iodoform, also known as triiodomethane or methyl triiodide, is a yellow crystalline organoiodine compound (CHI3) used historically as a wound antiseptic and in the iodoform test for methyl ketones.

Iodohippurate

Iodohippurate (ortho-iodohippuric acid, OIH) is a hippuric acid radiopharmaceutical labeled with I-123 or I-131, cleared by renal tubular secretion (OAT1, ~500-600 mL/min) for renography and effective renal blood flow measurement.

Iodometry

Iodometry, or iodometric titration, is an indirect redox titration method in which an oxidizing analyte liberates iodine, titrated with sodium thiosulfate to a starch endpoint.

Iodophenol

Iodophenol is any of the three monohydroxy monoiodinated derivatives of phenol, 2-, 3-, and 4-iodophenol, each with formula C₆H₅IO; the motif appears in thyroid hormones and X-ray contrast-agent intermediates.

Iodosulfuron

Iodosulfuron (iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) is a sulfonylurea ALS-inhibiting herbicide for grass and broadleaf weeds in cereals, EU-approved 2017–2032, used at roughly 10–20 g/ha, often with the safener mefenpyr-diethyl.

Iodothyronine deiodinase

Iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO1, DIO2, DIO3; D1, D2, D3) are selenoenzymes that remove iodine from thyroid hormones, activating T4 to T3 (D2) or inactivating them (D3), regulating local and systemic thyroid hormone action.

Iodoxamic acid

Iodoxamic acid (Endobil, Endomirabil, BC-17) is a hexaiodinated dimeric ionic contrast medium, C26H26I6N2O10, given intravenously as meglumine salt for cholecystography and cholangiography; first approved 1982, now discontinued.

Oct 10, 2026

Ioel

Ioel (Ge'ez: ኢዮኤል), rendered Joel on his coins, was a king of Axum in the late 6th or early 7th century, known today almost entirely from his coinage.

Oct 10, 2026

Ioel Malkin

Ioel Malkin (Иоэль Малкин) was a Soviet mathematician who extended Lyapunov's second method with converse stability theorems, founded the Ural school of stability of motion, and taught Nikolay Krasovsky.

Iofetamine

Iofetamine (iofetamine hydrochloride I-123, IMP, brand SPECTAMINE) is an iodine-123-labeled amphetamine analog radiopharmaceutical for cerebral perfusion SPECT, later eclipsed by 99mTc-HMPAO and 99mTc-ECD.

Ioffe (lunar crater)

Ioffe is a lunar impact crater on the Moon's far side, about 84 km across and south of Hertzsprung, named for Soviet physicist Abram Joffe.

Ioffe Institute

The Ioffe Institute, or Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute (Физико-технический институт им. А.Ф. Иоффе), is a Russian physics research institute in St Petersburg founded in 1918 by Abram Ioffe.

Ioflupane (123I)

Ioflupane (123I), sold as DaTscan, is a radioactive cocaine analog that binds the dopamine transporter for SPECT imaging in parkinsonian syndromes and dementia with Lewy bodies.

Oct 22, 2026

Iohannis

The Iohannis is an eight-book Latin epic by the sixth-century African poet Corippus, honoring the Byzantine general John Troglita and his campaigns against the Moors of North Africa.

Iohexol

Iohexol is a non-ionic, low-osmolar iodinated X-ray contrast medium sold as Omnipaque by GE Healthcare, used in imaging and to measure kidney function, first US approved in 1985.

Sep 29, 2026

Iohexol clearance

Iohexol clearance is a clinical test that measures kidney function by tracking injected iohexol's disappearance from blood, giving a measured glomerular filtration rate for transplant, donor, and drug-dosing decisions.

Iola Evans

Iola Evans (born 2001), British actress from Reading, England, known for Kayla in Netflix horror Choose or Die (2022), Avé in Out of Darkness, Callie Cadogan in The 100, and Tanna Goff in Washington Black (2025).

Iolanda Balas

Iolanda Balas (Iolanda Balaș-Söter), Romanian high jumper (1936-2016): two Olympic golds (1960, 1964), 14 world records from 1.75m to 1.91m, unbeaten for nearly 11 years, first woman over six feet.

Iolanda Chen

Iolanda Chen (Иоланда Чен), born 1961 in Moscow, is a retired Russian triple jumper and long jumper; she set triple jump world records of 14.97 m outdoors (1993) and 15.03 m indoors (1995) and later became a Russian sports commentator.

Iolkos

Iolkos (Iolcus, Ἰωλκός), ancient Thessalian city near modern Volos, mythical home of Jason and departure point of the Argonauts; Mycenaean palatial center at Dimini, flourishing 14th-13th centuries BC.

Iomega

Iomega was an American computer storage company founded in 1980, based in Roy, Utah, and best known for the Zip drive; it sold over 410 million drives and was acquired by EMC in 2008.

Iomeprol

Iomeprol, marketed as Iomeron in Europe and Iomervu in the United States since 2024, is a non-ionic low-osmolar iodinated contrast medium by Bracco used in CT and angiography.

IOMMU

An IOMMU (input-output memory management unit) is hardware that translates device DMA addresses into physical addresses, restricting device memory access and enabling virtual machine passthrough.

Sep 19, 2026

Iomnium

Iomnium was an ancient port town on the coast of Mauretania Caesariensis, identified with the modern town of Tigzirt in Algeria, about 125 km east of Algiers.