All articles A–Z

Ion Gheorghe Maurer

Ion Gheorghe Maurer (Jean Georges Maurer, 1902–2000), Romanian lawyer and communist statesman, prime minister of Romania 1961–1974, the longest premiership; Gheorghiu-Dej's right hand, architect of Romania's autonomous course in the Soviet bloc, and the man who promoted Ceaușescu to party leadership in 1965.

Ion Ghica

Ion Ghica (1816–1897) was a Romanian statesman, mathematician, economist, and writer, a leader of the 1848 generation who served three times as Prime Minister and four times as president of the Romanian Academy.

Sep 21, 2026

Ion Gresser

Ion Gresser (1928–2019) was an American virologist who spent his career in France, showing that interferon-α can cause disease in mice and acting on uninfected cells.

ION Group

ION Group, also known as Ion Investment Group, is a private financial software and data company founded by Andrea Pignataro in 1998, serving banks, brokerages, and hedge funds worldwide.

Ion Heliade Rădulescu

Ion Heliade Rădulescu, also known as Ion Eliade, was a Romanian writer and philologist who founded Wallachia's first Romanian-language newspaper and wrote the first methodical Romanian grammar.

Oct 21, 2026

Ion homeostasis

Ion homeostasis: maintenance of stable cellular concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride by ion channels, pumps, and transporters; the Na-K-ATPase builds the gradients that channels dissipate, and its disruption underlies metabolic and neurodegenerative disease.

Ion Iliescu

Ion Iliescu (1930–2025) was a Romanian engineer and politician who served two terms as president of Romania, from 1990 to 1996 and from 2000 to 2004.

Ion implantation

Ion implantation is a semiconductor fabrication process in which ionized dopant atoms are accelerated into a wafer to change its electronic properties, the dominant doping method in chip manufacturing.

Ion Luca Caragiale

Ion Luca Caragiale (1852–1912), Romania's national playwright, author of O noapte furtunoasă, O scrisoare pierdută, and Năpasta; satirist of Romanian society, later exile in Berlin, Academy member 1948.

Ion microbeam analysis

Ion microbeam analysis measures elemental, isotopic, or structural properties of a small sample region by scanning a focused megaelectronvolt ion beam and detecting the resulting signals.

Ion microscopy

Ion microscopy is a family of imaging techniques that scans a focused ion beam across a sample, building images from secondary electrons or ions with sub-nanometer resolution.

Ion migration (perovskite solar cells)

Ion migration in perovskite solar cells is the movement of ions such as iodide through the soft perovskite lattice, causing current–voltage hysteresis and long-term degradation.

Ion Mihai Pacepa

Ion Mihai Pacepa (1928–2021), Romanian lieutenant general, first deputy director of foreign intelligence (DIE) and Ceaușescu's security adviser; defected to the US in July 1978, the highest-ranking Soviet-bloc intelligence defector, later author of Red Horizons.

Ion Mincu

Ion Mincu (1852–1912) was a Romanian architect, engineer, professor, and politician credited as founder of the Neo-Romanian style; his works include Casa Lahovary and the Central Girls' School in Bucharest.

Ion mobility separation

Ion mobility separation, also known as ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), is a mass spectrometry technique that separates gas-phase ions by size and shape, and is used in laboratories and portable detectors for explosives.

Ion mobility spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry, also known as differential mobility analysis, is an analytical technique that separates gas-phase ions by drift speed in a buffer gas, yielding collision cross sections used to distinguish isomers.

Ion pairing

Ion pairing is the association of an oppositely charged cation and anion in solution by Coulomb attraction without a covalent bond, a concept introduced by Niels Bjerrum in 1926.

Ion plating

Ion plating is a physical vapor deposition method in which the substrate and growing film are bombarded with energetic ions, giving dense, adherent coatings at low temperatures.

Ion pump (vacuum)

An ion pump, also called a sputter ion pump, is a vacuum pump with no moving parts that maintains ultra-high vacuum by trapping ionized gas in titanium films.

Ion radiation therapy

Ion radiation therapy treats cancer with charged particle beams, mainly protons and carbon ions, which deposit most of their dose inside the tumor and spare tissue beyond it.

Ion scattering spectroscopy

Ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) is a surface analysis technique that determines the elemental composition of a material's outermost atomic layer by bombarding it with ions and measuring those scattered back.

Ion shuttling

Ion shuttling is the transport of trapped-ion qubits between zones of an ion-trap chip using controlled electric fields, moving quantum information for gates, measurements, or storage.

Sep 21, 2026

Ion Stoica

Ion Stoica is a Romanian-born computer scientist and professor at UC Berkeley who co-founded Databricks, Anyscale, and Conviva and is known for the Chord peer-to-peer lookup protocol.

Ion Television

Ion Television, formerly Pax TV (1998) and i: Independent Television (2005), is an American broadcast network airing off-network series on a large owned-station group; owned by E.W. Scripps since its $2.65 billion ION Media acquisition in January 2021.