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Paisley (design)
Paisley (design): the teardrop textile motif called buta or boteh in India and Persia, carried on Kashmir shawls into Europe from the mid-18th century and named after Paisley, Scotland, a 19th-century center of imitation shawl weaving using Jacquard looms.
Paisley shawl weaving of Kerman and Yazd
Paisley shawl weaving of Kerman and Yazd, known for termeh (ترمه), was the Qajar-era Persian industry that wove fine woolen shawls imitating Kashmir's from the eighteenth to early twentieth century.
Paithani
Paithani is a handwoven silk sari from Maharashtra, India, named after the town of Paithan, distinguished by tapestry-woven zari motifs that look identical on both sides of the cloth.
Pajamas
Pajamas (pyjamas), from Persian pāy-jāma 'leg garment' via Hindi/Urdu, are loose sleepwear sets; originally South Asian daywear trousers, adopted in Britain around 1870 as nightwear, fashionable for women from the 1920s.
Pakistan Day
Pakistan Day (یومِ پاکستان), a public holiday on 23 March, commemorates the 1940 Lahore Resolution demanding a separate homeland and the 1956 Constitution making Pakistan an Islamic Republic; also called Republic Day.
Pakistani clothing
Pakistani clothing: national dress centred on the shalwar kameez worn by all genders, with Sindhi ajrak, Balochi embroidery, khaddar and designer lawn, plus a textile-apparel export sector exceeding US$10 billion a year.
Pakistani cuisine
Pakistani cuisine: wheat-and-meat South Asian cooking of Pakistan, also called Pakistani food, built on tandoor bread, nihari, biryani, karahi, and chapli kebab, with distinct Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun, and Balochi regional traditions under halal dietary law.
Pakol
Pakol (pakul, khapol): soft flat-topped woollen cap with rolled brim from Gilgit and Chitral in northern Pakistan, spread to Nuristan in the late 19th century, popularized by Ahmad Shah Massud, banned by the Taliban 1996-2001.
Pale ale
Pale ale: a top-fermented beer style built on pale malt with prominent hop bitterness, originating in Burton upon Trent, England, from the 1820s; family includes English bitter, American pale ale, and IPA.
Pale lager
Pale lager: family of pale, bottom-fermented, lagered beers from Czech pilsner and Bavarian Helles to International Pale Lager (4.5-6% ABV, 18-25 IBU), first brewed at Plzeň in 1842; the dominant global commercial lager style.
Palestinian embroidery
Palestinian embroidery (tatreez, تطريز): cross-stitch (quṭbah fallāḥiyyah) tradition on the thob, with regional dress codes, couching and needle weaving, DMC-era changes, post-1948 national symbolism, NGO and cooperative production, and 2021 UNESCO inscription.
Palestinian keffiyeh
Palestinian keffiyeh (الكوفية الفلسطينية, hatta): square black-and-white cotton scarf fixed with an agal, once Bedouin/farmer headwear, made a national symbol in the 1936 Arab Revolt and linked to Arafat, the First Intifada, and global solidarity; Hirbawi in Hebron is the last Palestinian factory.
Pálinka
Pálinka, also written palenka, is Hungary's EU-protected fruit brandy: 100% fruit, distilled and bottled in Hungary, minimum 37.5% ABV, with Romanian Pălincă as the parallel name and eight Hungarian PDO fruit regions.
Pall Mall (cigarette)
Pall Mall, an 1899 cigarette brand named for the London street, now owned by British American Tobacco; US value-segment brand under Reynolds, 3.7% US share in 2023, 14% share in Mexico by 2016.
Pallium
Pallium: Latin for a wool mantle; classically a square woolen cloak like the Greek himation, and in the Catholic Church a white wool band with six black crosses worn by the pope and metropolitan archbishops as a badge of office, first recorded under Pope Marcus (d. 336).
Paloma Picasso
Paloma Picasso (born 1949), daughter of Pablo Picasso and Françoise Gilot, is a French-Spanish jewelry designer known for her Tiffany & Co. collections since 1980, her Graffiti and Olive Leaf designs, the 1984 Paloma Picasso fragrance, and her role since 2023 as administrator of the Succession Picasso.
Pamela Rooke
Pamela Rooke (23 June 1955 – 3 April 2022), known as Jordan or Jordan Mooney, English punk model and actress at Westwood and McLaren's SEX boutique, Sex Pistols circle, Jarman's Jubilee, died of bile-duct cancer.
Pan de muerto
Pan de muerto (bread of the dead) is the Mexican sweet bun of Día de Muertos, round with bone-shaped dough strips and a skull knob, orange- and anise-scented, a Mesoamerican-Spanish fusion worth up to 20% of bakery income.
Panama hat
Panama hat (sombrero de paja toquilla): a brimmed straw hat hand-woven in Ecuador from Carludovica palmata fiber, misnamed for its export route through Panama; UNESCO intangible heritage 2012; weaving takes one day to eight months.
Pancake
Pancake: flat cake from a flour, egg, and milk batter cooked on a griddle, also called griddle cakes or hotcakes; includes thin unleavened crêpes, thick leavened American pancakes, blini, and Shrove Tuesday pancake day traditions.
Pancetta
Pancetta is an Italian salumi made from pork belly cured with salt and spices, sold rolled (arrotolata) for thin slices or flat (tesa) for cubes and rendering.
Pancit
Pancit is the Filipino term for noodle dishes, introduced by Chinese traders in pre-Hispanic times and traditionally served at birthdays as a wish for long life.
Panera Bread
Panera Bread, also called St. Louis Bread Company, is an American fast casual bakery-cafe chain whose first cafe opened in 1987, now spanning more than 2,200 locations.
Panipuri (पानीपूरी)
Panipuri (पानीपूरी), also called golgappa, puchka/fuchka, or gupchup, is a South Asian street snack of hollow fried puris filled with potato or chickpeas and flavored pani water, eaten in one bite; regional versions differ in filling, water, and name.
Panna cotta
Panna cotta, Italian "cooked cream," is a Piedmont-origin chilled dessert of sweetened cream set with gelatin; texture controlled by gelatin percentage, Bloom strength, and serving format.
Pannenkoek
The pannenkoek (plural pannenkoeken) is the Dutch pancake, a large, thin pancake filling a whole plate, eaten for lunch or dinner with sweet or savoury toppings.
Panties
Panties are close-fitting women's underpants, also called knickers or briefs. Established only in the 19th century via drawers and pantalettes; styles range from G-string to control brief; cotton is medically recommended.
Pantyhose
Pantyhose, also called panty hose or sheer tights, are one-piece nylon legwear with a built-in panty. Invented 1959 by Allen Gant Sr. (Panti-Legs, Glen Raven) and Ernest G. Rice's 1958 patent; popularized by the 1960s miniskirt.
Panuozzo
Panuozzo (plural panuozzi), a Gragnano pizza-dough sandwich invented in 1983 by Giuseppe Mascolo, double-baked, about 30 cm long, PAT-listed and trademarked in 2024.
Panzanella
Panzanella (pan molle) is a Tuscan and central-Italian bread salad of stale unsalted bread soaked, squeezed, and dressed with tomato, onion, basil, oil, and vinegar; first cited by Bronzino in the 16th century, tomatoes added only in the 20th.