edgepedia

Food, customs, and everyday culture

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Panzerotti

Panzerotti (panzarotti) are small fried half-moons of leavened dough filled with tomato and mozzarella, a Puglia street food especially of Bari; the word, from panza (belly), is first dated 1797, and baked versions are properly calzoni.

Papa John's

Papa John's (Papa Johns, PZZA) is an American pizza delivery and carryout chain founded by John Schnatter in 1984 in Jeffersonville, Indiana. The world's third-largest pizza delivery company operates about 6,000 restaurants in roughly 50 countries, mostly franchised, and is pursuing a turnaround under CEO Todd Penegor.

Papadam

Papadam (pappadam, appalam, papad, poppadom) is a thin South Asian lentil or starch wafer, fried or roasted; black-gram Kerala pappadam puffs in oil, Tamil appalam stays flat.

Papakha

Papakha (папаха; Georgian ფაფახი): traditional brimless fur hat of the Caucasus and Central Asia, sheepskin, goat fur, or astrakhan, worn with the chokha, used in Russian and Soviet military dress, and popularized in MMA by Khabib Nurmagomedov.

Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve

Pappy Van Winkle's Family Reserve is a 15, 20, and 23-year wheated bourbon line from Old Rip Van Winkle Distillery, produced at Buffalo Trace since the 2002 joint venture and released each fall in tiny allocations that drive extreme secondary-market prices.

Paracas textiles

Paracas textiles are embroidered and woven cloths made by the Paracas culture on Peru's southern coast between roughly 700 BC and 200 AD, best known as mummy wrappings.

Parade

A parade is a formal public procession of people or vehicles celebrating events, asserting identity, or displaying military power, from Renaissance pageants and London's civic routes to Northern Ireland's 55,000-plus parades.

Paraguayan postwar famine

The Paraguayan postwar famine was the hunger that engulfed Paraguay at the end of the War of the Triple Alliance (1864–1870), which left cattle herds and agriculture destroyed.

Parchment paper

Parchment paper, or baking paper (クッキングシート), is silicone-coated glassine paper used as a nonstick oven liner and cooking wrap, oven-safe to about 425-450°F, distinct from wax paper and silicone mats.

Parents' Day

Parents' Day: US National Parents' Day (fourth Sunday of July, 36 U.S.C. § 135, signed by Clinton in 1994) and the UN Global Day of Parents (June 1, resolution A/RES/66/292, 2012); observances, not public holidays.

Pares (food)

Pares is a Filipino dish of beef braised in sweet-savory soy sauce with star anise, served with garlic fried rice and broth, named from Tagalog for "pair".

Parfait

Parfait: a dessert with two main meanings. The French parfait is a frozen sugar-syrup, egg-yolk, and whipped-cream dessert; the American parfait is a layered yogurt, fruit, and granola cup; Japan developed tall layered fruit parfaits.

Parfleche

A parfleche is a painted rawhide container made by Plains and Plateau Indigenous women to store food, clothing, and ceremonial belongings; the name is French for "to parry an arrow."

Parka

Parka: a hooded Arctic outer garment, also called atigi (western Siberian-Russian origin) or anorak, invented by Eskimo peoples, traditionally of hollow-haired caribou fur, later a global military and fashion coat.

Parle Agro

Parle Agro Private Limited (Parlé Agro), Indian beverage company founded 1985 in Mumbai by Prakash Chauhan; maker of Frooti, Appy Fizz, Smoodh, Bailley; distinct from Parle Products.

Parle Products

Parle Products, Indian biscuit and confectionery maker founded 1929 in Vile Parle, Mumbai by the Chauhan family; maker of Parle-G, world's largest-selling biscuit brand per Nielsen 2003; FY25 revenue Rs 15,568 crore, unlisted, promoter-held.

Parle-G

Parle-G is an Indian glucose biscuit brand from Mumbai, launched in 1939 as Parle Gluco and named the world's largest selling biscuit brand in 2003.

Parmesan

Parmesan, the English name for Parmigiano Reggiano, a hard raw-milk Italian grana cheese with PDO status since 1996, made in Parma, Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, and Mantua; aged at least 12 months, 30 kg wheels, 550 L milk each.

Parmigiana

Parmigiana, best known as parmigiana di melanzane, is a southern Italian baked dish of layered fried eggplant with tomato sauce, Parmigiano, and often mozzarella; first documented in 1733 with zucchini, its origin is disputed and its name likely not from Parma.

Parmo

Parmo, or Teesside Parmesan, is a Middlesbrough takeaway dish: a breadcrumbed fried chicken or pork cutlet topped with bechamel sauce and cheddar, grilled, and served in a pizza box with chips and garlic sauce.

Parol

The parol is a star-shaped Filipino Christmas lantern symbolizing the Star of Bethlehem, traditionally made of bamboo and paper, with its giant-lantern home in San Fernando, Pampanga.

Parvathy Omanakuttan

Parvathy Omanakuttan, Indian model and actress, Femina Miss India World 2008 and first Malayali Miss India winner; first runner-up and Miss World Asia & Oceania at Miss World 2008 in Johannesburg; later films include Billa II and Pizza.

Pashtunwali (پښتونوالی)

Pashtunwali (پښتونوالی), the unwritten Pashtun honor code and customary law of Afghanistan and Pakistan, built on melmastia hospitality, badal revenge, nanawatai asylum, nang honor, and jirga councils.

Pasta e fagioli

Pasta e fagioli, also pasta e fasoi, is an Italian peasant soup of pasta cooked with beans, soffritto, and often tomato or pork fat, existing in regional variants (Veneto, Neapolitan, Piacenza); beans reached Italy only after the 16th-century Columbian exchange; about 116 kcal per 100 g.

Pasta salad

Pasta salad: a cold dish of cooked pasta with dressing and mix-ins, served at picnics and potlucks. American versions use mayonnaise; Italian pasta fredda uses oil and vinegar. Includes history, technique, and USDA food-safety rules.

Pastel de nata

Pastel de nata (plural pastéis de nata), also called pastel de Belém in its trademarked Lisbon form, is Portugal's egg custard tart: puff pastry filled with egg custard, baked hot until the top blisters, born of convent sweetmaking and sold since 1837 at Pastéis de Belém.

Pasteles

Pasteles are Puerto Rico's Christmas dish: grated green banana, yautía, plantain, and calabaza masa filled with sofrito-braised pork, wrapped in banana leaves, and boiled; related to but distinct from corn-based tamales.

Pasteurized eggs

Pasteurized eggs are shell eggs or egg products heat-treated to destroy Salmonella without cooking, sold fresh, liquid, frozen, or powdered; in the US under 3% of eggs are pasteurized, with a standard 57°C, 57.5-minute process.

Pasties

Pasties are small adhesive nipple coverings from burlesque performance, originating in metal breastplates of the 1893 World's Fair and 1920s dance halls, revived in the 1990s, and now worn as fashion, distinct from the Cornish pastry of the same name.

Pastila (пастила)

Pastila (пастила) is a traditional Russian fruit confection of baked apple purée whipped with egg whites and dried, dating to the fourteenth century and most famously made in Kolomna.