199 articles
Acanthopagrus latus
Acanthopagrus latus, the yellowfin seabream, is a porgy of east Asian coastal waters, an important food fish and aquaculture species in China, Taiwan, and Japan.
Acanthopagrus schlegelii
Acanthopagrus schlegelii, the blackhead seabream or black porgy (Japanese クロダイ), is a Northwest Pacific sparid fish from southern Hokkaido to Taiwan, a protandrous hermaphrodite farmed in aquaculture and listed IUCN Least Concern.
Acanthuridae
Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes, is a family of marine reef fishes with a scalpel-like caudal spine; about 72 species in 6-9 genera, mostly herbivorous, Eocene origin about 54 Ma.
Acanthuriformes
Acanthuriformes (surgeonfishes and others; synonym Acanthuroidei) is an order of ray-finned fishes in Eupercaria with 13 families, 54 genera, 453 species, defined by posterolateral tooth replacement, originating about 63.6 Ma.
Acanthurus sohal
Acanthurus sohal, the sohal surgeonfish or Red Sea surgeonfish (sohal tang), is a 40 cm striped surgeonfish endemic to the Red Sea to Persian Gulf, grazing algae on surge-exposed reef edges 0-20 m, territorial, IUCN Least Concern.
Alaska pollock
Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), walleye pollock, a North Pacific cod-family fish supporting Earth's second-largest fishery; source of surimi, fish sticks, and Filet-O-Fish, with contentious salmon bycatch.
Albula vulpes
Albula vulpes, the bonefish (macabí), is a western Atlantic silvery flats fish of Albulidae, described by Linnaeus in 1758. It reaches about 104 cm, spawns in offshore aggregations of 2,000–5,000 fish, is IUCN Near Threatened, and anchors valuable catch-and-release sport fisheries.
American eel
American eel (Anguilla rostrata), the only North American freshwater eel, a catadromous fish spawning in the Sargasso Sea; IUCN Endangered, depleted US stock, Canada declined SARA listing in 2025.
Ammodytes personatus
Ammodytes personatus, the Pacific sand lance, is a small burrowing forage fish of the North Pacific from Japan to Alaska. It lacks a swim bladder, estivates in summer, feeds on copepods, and is key prey for salmon, seabirds, and marine mammals.
Ammodytes tobianus
Ammodytes tobianus, the small sandeel or lesser sand eel, is a 20 cm sand lance of northeast Atlantic sandy shores from Murmansk to Spain, spawning in spring and autumn races and burying in sand.
Apogonidae
Apogonidae, the cardinalfishes, is a large family of small nocturnal reef fishes, about 40 genera and 367 species, marked by two separate dorsal fins and paternal mouthbrooding.
Archosargus probatocephalus
Archosargus probatocephalus, the sheepshead seabream, is a western Atlantic Sparidae fish from Nova Scotia to Brazil, absent from Bermuda and the West Indies, with molar-like teeth for crushing mollusks and crustaceans.
Argyrosomus japonicus
Argyrosomus japonicus, the mulloway or Japanese meagre (Sciaena japonica), is a large Indo-West Pacific sciaenid fish, IUCN Endangered A2bd, with spawning stocks reduced to 1.3% (South Africa) and 7.0–13% (Australia) of unfished levels.
Argyrosomus regius
Argyrosomus regius, the meagre (corvina, maigre commun), is a large Sciaenidae drum fish of the Mediterranean and West African coast, up to 2 m and 50 kg, and an emerging Mediterranean aquaculture species farmed in France, Italy, and Croatia.
Ariidae
Ariidae, the sea catfishes or fork-tailed catfishes, is a family of Siluriformes catfishes of tropical and subtropical marine and brackish continental shelves; males mouth-brood eggs; about 161 species in 42 genera including Arius, Bagre, and Sciades.
Atlantic cod
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), a North Atlantic groundfish from Greenland to Cape Hatteras, once supported the world's largest single-species fishery; the 1992 Newfoundland moratorium followed its collapse, and U.S. stocks remain overfished.
Atlantic goliath grouper
Atlantic goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara), formerly jewfish: largest Atlantic grouper, up to 8 ft and 800 lb, Florida to Brazil and Congo to Senegal; mangrove nurseries, harvest banned in U.S. federal waters since 1990, limited Florida lottery fishery since 2022, IUCN Vulnerable.
Atlantic wolffish
Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus), also called seawolf or Atlantic catfish, is a North Atlantic bottom fish with crushing teeth; overfished in U.S. waters, Special Concern in Canada, and heavily fished in Iceland.
Balistidae
Balistidae, the triggerfishes, is a family of about 42 species of marine ray-finned fishes named for a dorsal spine that locks upright like a trigger.
Barramundi
Barramundi (Lates calcarifer, Asian seabass) is an Indo-West Pacific euryhaline fish and protandrous hermaphrodite, farmed globally at about 169,000 tonnes (2017-18) and wild-caught in northern Australia.
Beluga (sturgeon)
Beluga (Huso huso), the largest sturgeon of the Caspian, Black, and Azov seas and source of beluga caviar; Critically Endangered, CITES Appendix II, generation length about 61 years.
Black carp (青鱼)
Black carp (青鱼, Mylopharyngodon piceus), a large molluscivorous Chinese cyprinid of the four famous domestic fishes, farmed since the Tang dynasty, introduced to the U.S. in 1973 and now reproducing invasively in the Mississippi River basin.
Blenniidae
Blenniidae, combtooth blennies, a family of about 387 marine fish species in 57 genera with comb-like teeth, found worldwide in tropical and warm temperate coastal waters, including intertidal and some freshwater forms.
Blenniiformes
Blenniiformes is an order of ray-finned fishes (blennies and allies) in Ovalentaria, traditionally six families including Blenniidae; IndoPacific origin about 60 Ma, with repeated amphibious water-to-land transitions.
Boops boops
Boops boops, the bogue, is a large-eyed sea bream (Sparidae) from the Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean, and Black Sea, intensively fished there; FAO code BOG, IUCN Least Concern, with Mediterranean stocks assessed as overexploited.
Bothidae
Bothidae, the lefteye flounders, is a family of 170 flatfish species in 20 genera with both eyes on the left side; benthic sand- and mud-dwelling marine predators, now being reclassified genetically.
Brosme brosme
Brosme brosme, the cusk or tusk (Norwegian brosme), is the sole species of the genus Brosme, a rocky-bottom gadid of the North Atlantic; slow-growing, late-maturing, fished commercially, a NOAA species of concern, COSEWIC Endangered, IUCN Not Evaluated.
Burbot
Burbot (Lota lota), also called ling, eelpout, or lawyer, is the only freshwater cod (Gadidae), a holarctic 40–70°N winter spawner under ice at 1–4 °C, IUCN Least Concern but extirpated in Western Europe and the UK.
Callionymus lyra
Callionymus lyra, the common dragonet or European dragonet (Linnaeus, 1758), is a scaleless demersal fish of the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean; males reach 30.5 cm with sail-like blue dorsal fins, and it is a cod prey fish and contaminant-monitoring target.
Catfish
Catfish (order Siluriformes) are barbelled ray-finned fishes, about 4,000 valid species on every continent except Antarctica, named for whisker-like barbels and known for taste buds covering their entire body.