774 articles
Lemon shark
Lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris), a large yellow-brown requiem shark of shallow Atlantic and eastern Pacific coastal waters with two equal dorsal fins; IUCN Vulnerable, mangrove nursery grounds, studied at Bimini, Bahamas.
Leopard shark
Leopard shark (Triakis semifasciata, tiburón leopardo), a houndshark of California bays and estuaries from Oregon to Mexico; pavement-toothed, up to 1.9 m, 4–37 live pups, IUCN least concern; distinct from the endangered Indo-Pacific leopard shark Stegostoma tigrinum.
Lepidorhombus boscii
Lepidorhombus boscii, the four-spot megrim, is a left-eyed flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae, found in the Eastern North Atlantic and Mediterranean and caught commercially in bottom trawl fisheries.
Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis
Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (megrim, whiff) is a bathydemersal flatfish of the Scophthalmidae from Iceland to Cape Bojador and the western Mediterranean, 60 cm maximum, caught mainly as bycatch in trawl fisheries.
Lepidotes
Lepidotes (†Lepidotes Agassiz, 1832) is an extinct Early Jurassic ganoid ray-finned fish genus with crushing teeth and thick enameled scales; once a huge wastebasket genus, now restricted to Early Jurassic species.
Lepisosteus oculatus
Lepisosteus oculatus, the spotted gar, is a North American freshwater gar of Lepisosteidae with spotted ganoid armor, an ambush predator of shallow vegetated waters, Threatened in Canada, and a key pre-duplication genome for vertebrate research.
Leptolepis
Leptolepis, an extinct genus of small basal teleost fishes from the Early Jurassic of Europe, type species L. coryphaenoides (Bronn, 1830), named by Agassiz in 1832; its name is often misapplied to other small Jurassic teleosts.
Leuciscus idus
Leuciscus idus, the ide or orfe, is a Eurasian freshwater fish of the minnow family found in large lowland rivers from Europe to the Russian Far East.
Leucoraja erinaceus
Leucoraja erinaceus, the little skate, is a small skate in the family Rajidae living on the northwest Atlantic seabed from North Carolina to the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
Limanda aspera
Limanda aspera, yellowfin sole (Japanese Kogane-garei), a righteye flatfish of the North Pacific from Korea to the Beaufort Sea, target of the world's largest flatfish fishery in the Bering Sea, IUCN Least Concern.
Limanda limanda
Limanda limanda, the common dab (Kliesche, limande commune), is a small righteye flatfish of the northeast Atlantic from Bay of Biscay to the Barents Sea, abundant in the southern North Sea, IUCN Least Concern, caught mainly as trawl bycatch.
Lingcod
Lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus), also called Cultus cod or buckethead, is a large greenling of the northeast Pacific from Alaska to Baja California, a voracious nest-guarding predator supporting major commercial and recreational fisheries.
Liparidae
Liparidae, the snailfishes (Liparididae), is a family of about 460 marine teleost species in 32 genera, scaleless and jellylike, from tidepools to 8,336 m, dominating hadal trench fish faunas worldwide.
Liparis liparis
Liparis liparis (Linnaeus, 1766), the striped seasnail or sea snail, a small tadpole-shaped snailfish (Liparidae) of the northeast Atlantic, 15 cm max, subtidal to about 300 m, winter-spawning, IUCN Least Concern; distinct from the orchid genus Liparis.
List of fatal shark attacks in the United States
Fatal shark attacks in the United States: about 197–199 deaths among roughly 2,400–2,600 recorded incidents since 1640. Florida leads bites, Hawaii and California lead deaths; US fatality rate 3% in 2016–2025.
List of fish common names
Fish common names are vernacular species names, standardized by FAO's ASFIS list (13,708 items, 3-alpha codes), ISSCAAP groups, FishBase (333,200 names, 200+ languages), and AFS checklists; unlike ICZN scientific names, they have no regulatory code.
List of largest fish
The list of largest fish is headed by the whale shark, which reaches up to 18.8 m, with the basking shark second; the giant freshwater stingray holds the freshwater record at about 300 kg.
List of marine aquarium fish species
Marine aquarium fish species: over 1,400 coral reef fishes traded globally, dominated by damselfish, anemonefish, and angelfish; mostly wild-caught from Indonesia and the Philippines, with about 1% captive bred.
List of sharks
List of sharks: overview of the 500-plus living shark species, their nine orders (Carcharhiniformes largest), size extremes from dwarf lantern shark to whale shark, and IUCN Red List extinction status.
List of sushi and sashimi ingredients
Sushi and sashimi ingredients: vinegared sushi rice (sushi-meshi), seafoods like maguro tuna, ika squid, anago eel, salmon, shrimp, uni, nori seaweed, vegetables, and wasabi, soy sauce, and gari condiments.
Lonchodina
Lonchodina is an extinct conodont genus (Bassler 1925; type species L. typicalis) of bar-shaped Sb elements with discrete denticles, known from Devonian to Pennsylvanian marine rocks, distinct from the stick-insect subfamily Lonchodinae.
Longnose gar
Longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus), also needlenose gar or billy gar: a long-snouted, air-breathing freshwater predatory fish of eastern North America, up to about 3 feet typically, with stable populations and slow-evolving living-fossil genomes.
Lophius
Lophius (monkfish, goosefish, anglerfish) is a genus of seven lophiid anglerfish species that ambush prey on the seabed using an illicium lure; commercially important in Atlantic, Mediterranean, and southern African fisheries.
Lophius budegassa
Lophius budegassa, the black-bellied anglerfish (rape negro, baudroie rousse), is a Lophiidae anglerfish of the Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic from the British Isles to Senegal, benthic to about 500 m, fish-eating, and managed with L. piscatorius under combined ICES TACs.
Lophius piscatorius
Lophius piscatorius, the angler or monkfish (baudroie commune), is a Lophiidae anglerfish of the eastern North Atlantic and Mediterranean that lures prey with a bifid esca; grows to 2 m, IUCN Least Concern, highly commercial.
Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps
Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps, the golden tilefish or great northern tilefish, is a burrow-building western Atlantic fish from Nova Scotia to Suriname, IUCN Endangered, harvested mainly by longline.
Loricariidae
Loricariidae, the armored or suckermouth catfishes, is the most species-rich catfish family (about 1,000+ Neotropical species), defined by bony body plates and an oral sucker disc; includes Plecostomus aquarium fish and Hypostominae, Loricariinae.
Lox
Lox (Yiddish laks) is salt-cured, traditionally unsmoked salmon, an American Jewish creation from Eastern European immigrants, popularized in 1920s-30s New York; distinct from Nova lox (cold-smoked) and gravlax (dill-sugar cure).
Lungfish
Lungfish (Dipnoi) are lobe-finned freshwater fish that breathe air using lungs, dating to the Early Devonian about 400 million years ago, with six species in Africa, South America, and Australia.
Lutjanidae
Lutjanidae (snappers), from Malay ikan lutjan, a family of about 21 genera and 139 species of tropical demersal predatory food fishes in Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, some causing ciguatera.