139 articles
Gloydius
Gloydius (mamushis, Asian moccasins) is a genus of about 31 venomous Asian pitvipers (Viperidae, Crotalinae), named by Hoge & Romano Hoge 1981, ranging from Iran and the Himalaya to Japan and Korea.
Grass snake
Grass snake (Natrix helvetica), barred grass snake: a non-venomous western European natricine snake, split from Natrix natrix in 2017; Britain's largest reptile and only egg-laying snake, feeding on amphibians and fish.
Green anaconda
Green anaconda (Eunectes murinus, with the 2024-described northern species E. akayima) is a South American semi-aquatic boa and the world's heaviest snake, up to 227 kg recorded, shorter but far bulkier than the reticulated python.
Heterodon
Heterodon, the North American hog-nosed snakes (eastern, plains, Mexican, dusty, southern), is a dipsadid snake genus with upturned snouts, toad-heavy diet, death-feigning defense, mild rear-fang venom, and five species from Canada to Mexico.
Hognose
Hognose snakes, genus Heterodon, are North American colubrids with upturned snouts, including the eastern, western, Mexican, and southern hognose, known for bluffing displays and death-feigning defense.
Hydrophis
Hydrophis (Latreille 1801) is the largest sea snake genus, Elapidae, with 49 Indo-West Pacific viviparous species that radiated rapidly around 1 million years ago; includes H. platurus, H. cyanocinctus, H. schistosus.
Hydrops
Hydrops (Wagler, 1830) is a South American genus of aquatic dipsadine water snakes with three species, H. caesurus, H. martii, and H. triangularis, in the tribe Hydropsini with Helicops and Pseudoeryx; oviparous fish-eaters.
Indian cobra
The Indian cobra (Naja naja), also called the spectacled cobra, is a highly venomous snake native to the Indian subcontinent, one of the four species causing most snakebites in India.
Indotyphlops braminus
Indotyphlops braminus, the Brahminy blind snake or Flowerpot Snake, is a tiny worm-like snake, the only snake known to reproduce by parthenogenesis, spread worldwide in potted-plant soil.
Inland taipan
Inland taipan (Oxyuranus microlepidotus), also called fierce snake or small-scaled snake, an Australian elapid from the Channel country of Queensland and South Australia with the most toxic measured snake venom (murine LD50 0.025 mg/kg) but no recorded human fatalities.
King cobra
King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), world's longest venomous snake up to 5.6 m, Asian ophiophagous elapid; split into four species in 2024; IUCN Vulnerable; existing antivenoms fail against its venom.
Kingsnake
Kingsnake, genus Lampropeltis, North American non-venomous constrictors including milk snakes; eat other snakes including venomous vipers, resist viper venom, produce high constriction pressure, and were split from Lampropeltis getula into five species in 2009.
Laticauda
Laticauda, the sea kraits, is a genus of eight venomous, amphibious, oviparous elapid snakes of the Indo-Pacific that forage on eels at sea and return to land to rest, mate, and lay eggs, separate from true sea snakes.
Leptotyphlops
Leptotyphlops (threadsnakes, slender blind snakes) is a genus of tiny burrowing African snakes in Leptotyphlopidae, Fitzinger 1843, type species Typhlops nigricans; once held nearly the whole family, reduced to 23 eastern and southern African species after the 2009 molecular revision.
List of dangerous snakes
Dangerous snakes: about 400–600 venomous species (vipers, elapids, sea snakes, colubrids) causing 81,000–138,000 deaths yearly; India's big four, regional culprits, toxin classes, and antivenom.
List of largest snakes
Largest snakes: reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) is the longest species, green anaconda (Eunectes murinus) the heaviest; records include Ibu Baron 7.22 m wild, Medusa 7.67 m captive, disputed 10 m 1912 Sulawesi specimen, king cobra longest venomous, Titanoboa and Vasuki indicus extinct giants.
List of snakes by common name
The list of snakes by common name indexes snake taxa under vernacular English names like king cobra and ratsnake, pairing each name with the scientific name it designates.
Lycodon
Lycodon (wolf snakes) is a diverse Asian colubrid snake genus ranging from Iran to Japan and the Philippines; the banded genus Dinodon was synonymized into it after molecular phylogenies showed nesting, with about 66 species by 2020.
Malpolon
Malpolon (Fitzinger, 1826) is a genus of large rear-fanged venomous psammophiid snakes, the Montpellier snakes, including M. monspessulanus, M. insignitus, and M. moilensis, of Mediterranean origin from the Maghreb.
Mamba
Mamba (Dendroaspis): four highly venomous elapid snake species of sub-Saharan Africa, including the black mamba and three green mambas; neurotoxic venom, arboreal habits, egg-laying, and Jameson's mamba as type species.
Mesotes
Mesotes (Southern Mock Vipers) is a South American dipsadid snake genus with two species, M. rutilus and M. strigatus; formerly a synonym of Thamnodynastes, revalidated by Trevine et al. in 2022.
Micrurus
Micrurus (American coral snakes), genus Wagler 1824 of venomous elapid snakes from the southern United States to Argentina; 85-91 species in monadal and triadal color-pattern clades; venoms of 3FTx and PLA2 neurotoxins; model genus for mimicry research.
Milk snake
Milk snake (Lampropeltis triangulum complex), a non-venomous American colubrid with coral-snake-like banding, a Batesian mimic; formerly 25 subspecies, now split into at least seven species; constrictor eating rodents and reptiles.
Morelia spilota
Morelia spilota, the carpet python or diamond python, is a large non-venomous Australian python up to 4 m long, found across mainland Australia in many habitats, with eight debated subspecies, ambush constriction hunting, and CITES Appendix II listing.
Myron
Myron is a genus of three live-bearing mangrove snakes (family Homalopsidae), type species M. richardsonii, dwarf aquatic snakes under 415 mm from northern Australia, New Guinea, and the Aru Islands.
Naja
Naja (true cobras) is a genus of hooded venomous elapid snakes, about 35-43 species across Africa and Asia, in four subgenera; African origin, Miocene spread to Asia, hooding and thrice-evolved venom spitting, and WHO category I medical importance.
Naja atra
Naja atra, the Chinese cobra (舟山眼镜蛇), is a venomous elapid snake described by Theodore Cantor in 1842 that ranges across southern China, Taiwan, and northern Vietnam.
Naja kaouthia
Naja kaouthia, the monocled or monocellate cobra (Bengal cobra), is a highly venomous elapid snake of South and Southeast Asia with a single O-shaped hood mark, neurotoxic venom causing paralysis and tissue destruction, and regionally variable venom that limits antivenom effectiveness.
Nerodia
Nerodia (water snakes, North American water snakes) is a genus of ten non-venomous, live-bearing natricine snake species native to eastern and southern North America, absent west of the Rockies but introduced in California.
Oligodon
Oligodon (kukri snakes), genus of colubrid snakes with 90 species across Asia, the second largest snake radiation; egg-eating specialists with blade-like rear teeth, eight species groups, late Oligocene origin in mainland Southeast Asia.