27 articles
Ankle fracture fixation
Ankle fracture fixation is a surgical procedure using plates, screws, or nails to hold broken ankle bones in anatomic alignment while they heal, typically within 24 hours of injury.
Bone Plates
Bone plates: metallic implants fixed to fractured bones with screws for internal fixation (osteosynthesis). Evolved from Lane 1895 and Danis 1949 compression plating to modern locking plates; stainless steel or titanium.
Cannulated screw fixation
Cannulated screw fixation is a surgical technique in which hollow screws are threaded over a guide wire, used mainly for femoral neck fractures and also scaphoid and small-bone fractures.
Closed Fracture Reduction
Closed fracture reduction: realigning a broken bone by manipulation without incision. Also called closed reduction or fracture reduction, closed. Used for distal radius, pediatric forearm, and femoral shaft nailing; higher union than open reduction but more malalignment and fluoroscopy.
Closed reduction
Closed reduction is a nonsurgical orthopedic procedure in which a fractured bone or dislocated joint is realigned by manual maneuver, usually followed by a cast or splint.
Definitive fixation
Definitive fixation is the permanent implant-based stabilization of a fracture, recommended as primary treatment in stable patients, while unstable polytrauma patients first receive temporary external fixation.
External fixation
External fixation is a surgical technique that stabilizes broken bones with pins or wires through the skin, connected by an adjustable external frame, leaving soft tissues accessible.
Hardware Removal
Hardware removal (implant removal, metalwork removal) is the surgical extraction of orthopedic plates, screws, and nails after fracture fixation, done for pain, infection, or broken hardware; evidence does not support routine removal of asymptomatic implants such as syndesmotic screws.
Internal fixation
Internal fracture fixation, combined with surgical realignment as open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), holds broken bones together with implanted screws, plates, wires, or rods inside the body.
Intramedullary nail fixation
Intramedullary nail fixation is a surgical technique that stabilizes long-bone fractures with a metal rod in the marrow canal, the standard for femoral and tibial shaft fractures.
Intramedullary nailing
Intramedullary nailing is a surgical technique for fixing long-bone fractures in which a metal rod is inserted into the marrow canal and secured with locking screws.
Intramedullary screw fixation
Intramedullary screw fixation is an orthopedic technique that stabilizes unstable metacarpal and phalangeal fractures of the hand with a headless compression screw placed in the bone's medullary canal.
K-wire fixation
K-wire fixation is an orthopedic technique in which thin Kirschner wires are drilled through bone to hold fractures in alignment while they heal, mainly in the hand.
Locking plate fixation
Locking plate fixation, also called volar locking plate fixation, is a surgical technique in which screw heads thread into the plate, forming a fixed-angle construct that stabilizes fractures.
Manual reduction
Manual reduction, also called closed reduction, is a procedure in which a physician manipulates a fractured bone or dislocated joint through intact skin to restore alignment.
Open Fracture Reduction
Open fracture reduction: surgical realignment of broken bone through a skin incision, usually with internal fixation (ORIF). Compared with closed reduction it offers more precise alignment but higher infection and nonunion rates in femoral shaft nailing.
Open reduction of fractures
Open reduction of fractures is a surgical procedure in which a fractured bone is exposed so fragments can be directly realigned, often combined with plate-and-screw internal fixation as ORIF.
Osteosynthesis
Osteosynthesis is the surgical joining of broken bone fragments with implants such as plates, screws, intramedullary nails, or wires, holding them firmly in position while the fracture heals.
Percutaneous fixation
Percutaneous fixation is an orthopedic surgical technique that stabilizes fractures with screws, pins, or rods inserted through small skin incisions without opening the fracture site, sparing its blood supply.
Percutaneous pinning
Percutaneous pinning is a fracture fixation technique in which Kirschner wires are passed through the skin into bone under imaging guidance, without open exposure of the fracture site.
Plate fixation
Plate fixation is a surgical technique for treating fractures that uses a metal plate and screws to provide absolute or relative stability for bone healing.
PROQUAP trial
PROQUAP (NCT02114840) is a Chilean randomized trial by Universidad de La Frontera comparing preservation, repair, and non-repair of the pronator quadratus muscle during volar plating of distal radius fractures, with 150 planned participants.
Reamer-irrigator-aspirator
The reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA) is a surgical system that reams the long-bone canal while irrigating and aspirating debris, lowering embolic load and collecting autologous bone graft.
Rigid fixation
Rigid fixation is a surgical fracture technique providing absolute stability through compression with lag screws and plates, allowing direct bone healing without callus and early mobilization of the limb.
Skeletal traction
Skeletal traction is an orthopedic treatment in which a pin or wire inserted directly into bone applies a steady pulling force to align a fracture or immobilize a limb.
Suture button fixation
Suture button fixation is a surgical technique stabilizing the ankle syndesmosis with two metal buttons joined by a suture, introduced in 2005 as a dynamic alternative to screws.
Tension band wiring
Tension band wiring (TBW) is a surgical technique that converts tensile forces into compression across a fracture, used most often for patella and olecranon fractures.