28 articles
Acetabular reconstruction
Acetabular reconstruction is the surgical rebuilding of the hip socket (acetabulum) after bone loss, using impaction bone grafting, jumbo cups, cages, or 3D-printed components to restore bone stock.
Ankle arthroplasty
Ankle arthroplasty, also called total ankle replacement, is an orthopedic operation that replaces the damaged ankle joint with an artificial implant, preserving motion in end-stage ankle arthritis.
Ankle replacement
Ankle replacement, or total ankle replacement (TAR), is an orthopedic operation that resurfaces a damaged ankle joint with a prosthetic implant to relieve pain while preserving motion.
Arthroplasty
Arthroplasty, or joint replacement, is reconstructive joint surgery replacing damaged surfaces with prostheses, most often hip and knee. Key facts: Glück's 1891 ivory hip implant, Charnley's 1960s cemented low-friction arthroplasty, osteoarthritis as main indication, 95% 14-year hip implant survival.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Finger
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Finger is surgery that replaces an arthritic or post-traumatic finger joint, usually the MCP or PIP joint, with an artificial implant to relieve pain and preserve motion.
Bipolar hemiarthroplasty
Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is a hip operation that replaces the femoral head with a two-bearing prosthesis, used mainly for displaced femoral neck fractures and designed to reduce acetabular erosion.
Elbow arthroplasty
Elbow arthroplasty, also called total elbow arthroplasty, is an orthopedic joint replacement procedure developed for rheumatoid arthritis and now used for unfixable fractures and arthritis.
Exchange arthroplasty
Exchange arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that removes an infected or failed joint prosthesis and implants a new one, in one stage or two with an antibiotic spacer.
Extremity arthroplasty
Extremity arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of a damaged arm or leg joint, including the hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, with an artificial prosthesis.
Hemiarthroplasty
Hemiarthroplasty is a hip operation that replaces the femoral head and neck with a prosthesis while leaving the socket untouched, used mainly for displaced femoral neck fractures in older adults.
Hip resurfacing
Hip resurfacing is a hip arthritis operation that caps the femoral head with a metal shell instead of removing it, preserving bone and suiting younger, active patients.
Interposition arthroplasty
Interposition arthroplasty is a joint reconstruction technique in which soft tissue or spacer material is placed between resected bone surfaces to relieve pain and preserve motion.
IO TXA trial
IO TXA trial: randomized trials of intraosseous regional tranexamic acid versus intravenous TXA in total joint arthroplasty; 2026 TKA trial (NCT07614087 pharmacokinetics) showed less blood loss but a possible DVT signal.
Joint replacement
Joint replacement, or arthroplasty, is an orthopedic operation in which the damaged surfaces of a joint, usually the hip or knee, are replaced with prosthetic components to relieve pain and restore function.
Measured resection
Measured resection is a total knee replacement technique in which fixed bone cuts are sized to the patient's anatomy and implant, then ligaments are balanced by release.
Polycentric four-bar knee
A polycentric four-bar knee is a prosthetic knee joint for above-knee amputees in which a four-bar linkage replaces the single hinge, giving stance stability and better toe clearance.
Polymethyl methacrylate bone cement
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is a self-curing acrylic grout, mixed from liquid monomer and powder in the operating room, used to fix hip and knee prostheses to living bone.
Primary arthroplasty
Primary arthroplasty is the replacement of a joint with prosthetic components performed as a first operation in that joint, done chiefly to relieve pain and restore function in osteoarthritis.
Resection arthroplasty
Resection arthroplasty is an orthopedic operation that removes damaged joint surfaces or a prosthesis without replacing them, mainly to eradicate infection; the hip form is the Girdlestone procedure.
Resurfacing arthroplasty
Resurfacing arthroplasty is a hip operation in which only the damaged joint surfaces are replaced, preserving the femoral neck; it suits younger patients with arthritis.
Revision arthroplasty
Revision arthroplasty is surgery to replace or repair a failed joint prosthesis, such as a hip or knee replacement, caused by loosening, infection, or wear.
rKA-KA-TKA trial
rKA-TKA (restricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty), introduced by Vendittoli in 2011, restores native knee alignment within safe zones of HKA ±3° and ±5° component angles; randomized trials versus mechanical alignment show better KSS and WOMAC but similar OKS, KOOS, and FJS.
Shoulder arthroplasty
Shoulder arthroplasty replaces the arthritic shoulder joint with a prosthesis, in anatomic, hemiarthroplasty, and reverse forms; the reverse design, published by Grammont in 1993, compensates for a torn rotator cuff.
Shoulder Prosthesis
Shoulder prosthesis: artificial joint for shoulder replacement (arthroplasty). Anatomic designs mimic natural ball-and-socket; reverse designs switch ball and socket so the deltoid replaces a damaged rotator cuff. First implanted 1893; reverse FDA-approved 2003; reverse shows lower revision rates, anatomic better external rotation.
Shoulder replacement
Shoulder replacement, or shoulder arthroplasty, is an orthopedic operation replacing the damaged surfaces of the shoulder joint with prosthetic implants, most often for osteoarthritis or a deficient rotator cuff.
Themistocles Gluck
Themistocles Gluck (1853–1942) was a German surgeon who performed the first total joint replacements in Berlin in 1890, using hinged ivory prostheses fixed with an early bone cement.
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a surgical procedure that resurfaces only the damaged compartment of the knee with a partial prosthesis, preserving the cruciate ligaments and native bone.
Wrist arthroplasty
Wrist arthroplasty, also called total wrist arthroplasty (TWA), is a surgical procedure that replaces the arthritic wrist joint with an artificial implant, relieving pain while preserving some motion.