60 articles
Infiltrative and storage cardiomyopathy
Infiltrative and storage cardiomyopathy is heart muscle disease caused by substances deposited within the myocardium, including cardiac sarcoidosis, hemochromatosis, Fabry disease, and glycogen storage diseases like Pompe and Danon.
Ischemic cardiomyopathy
Ischemic cardiomyopathy: coronary artery disease with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (EF <35–40%), term coined by Burch 1970. Treated with guideline-directed medical therapy; CABG, not PCI, shows 10-year survival benefit (STICH vs REVIVED-BCIS2).
Loeffler endocarditis
Loeffler endocarditis, also called eosinophilic endomyocardial disease, is a rare restrictive cardiomyopathy from eosinophil-mediated heart damage in hypereosinophilic syndrome, progressing through necrotic, thrombotic, and fibrotic stages.
Lyme carditis
Lyme carditis, heart inflammation from Borrelia burgdorferi in Lyme disease, causing fluctuating atrioventricular block; treated with oral or IV antibiotics, usually resolving in 1–6 weeks.
MYH7
MYH7 (myosin heavy chain 7) is a chromosome 14 gene encoding beta-myosin heavy chain of the cardiac sarcomere; variants cause hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, Laing distal myopathy, and myosin storage myopathy.
Myocarditis in children
Myocarditis in children is inflammation of the heart muscle, usually triggered by a virus, that can impair pumping; most children recover, but severe cases can cause heart failure.
Myocarditis in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease
Myocarditis in systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disease is inflammation of the heart muscle driven by diseases such as lupus and sarcoidosis, frequently subclinical and treated with immunosuppression.
Myopericarditis
Myopericarditis is primarily pericarditis with minor myocardial involvement, the reverse of perimyocarditis; usually viral (Coxsackie B), diagnosed by troponin elevation without LV dysfunction, with generally good prognosis.
Naxos disease
Naxos disease, also called keratoderma with woolly hair type I, is a rare autosomal recessive cardiocutaneous disorder combining arrhythmic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, woolly hair, and palmoplantar keratoderma, usually caused by a homozygous JUP plakoglobin deletion.
Non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (nHCM, ICD-11 BC43.11) is HCM without a significant LVOT pressure gradient (LVOT <30 mmHg at rest and provoked), treated with beta blockers or verapamil/diltiazem, with no approved targeted therapy.
Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is the form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which thickened heart muscle and mitral valve motion block blood leaving the left ventricle, affecting about 70% of patients.
Pacing-induced cardiomyopathy
Pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM) is left ventricular systolic dysfunction caused by chronic right ventricular pacing, affecting about 12% of pacemaker patients and presenting as heart failure.
Pericardial effusion
Pericardial effusion is abnormal fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac around the heart, graded by echocardiography as mild, moderate, or large. Causes include viral pericarditis, tuberculosis, and malignancy; severe cases cause cardiac tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis.
Pericarditis
Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, frequently presenting as sharp chest pain that improves when sitting forward. Most cases have a benign course with treatment like NSAIDs and colchicine.
Pixantrone
Pixantrone (Pixuvri) is an aza-anthracenedione chemotherapy for multiply relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma; EU-authorized 2012, expired 2024, designed for reduced cardiotoxicity.
Plakophilin-2
Plakophilin-2 (PKP2), also called plakophilin 2, is an 881-amino-acid desmosomal armadillo-repeat protein encoded at 12p11 and the main cardiac plakophilin; PKP2 loss-of-function mutations are the leading cause of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.
Pleuro-pericardial cyst
Pleuro-pericardial cyst, also called pericardial or spring water cyst, a rare congenital mesothelium-lined mediastinal cyst, about 1 in 100,000, usually asymptomatic, right cardiophrenic angle, treated by resection.
Primary pericardial mesothelioma
Primary pericardial mesothelioma is a rare malignant tumor of the sac surrounding the heart, accounting for about 1% of mesotheliomas with median survival of 6 months.
Recurrent pericarditis
Recurrent pericarditis is the return of pericardial inflammation after a symptom-free interval of 4 to 6 weeks or longer, affecting 15 to 30% of patients after a first episode.
Rheumatic myocarditis
Rheumatic myocarditis (ICD-10 I09.0, ICD-11 BC42.3) is heart muscle inflammation from autoimmune reaction to group A streptococcal infection in acute rheumatic fever, marked by Aschoff bodies, with debated clinical significance versus valvular disease.
Septal myectomy
Septal myectomy is an open-heart operation removing part of the thickened septum to relieve left ventricular outflow obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, with mortality below 1% at experienced centers.
Srihari S. Naidu
Srihari S. Naidu is an American interventional cardiologist known for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and alcohol septal ablation, directing the HCM Program at Westchester Medical Center in Valhalla, New York.
Sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in HCM; risk scores such as HCM Risk-SCD estimate five-year risk to guide implantable cardioverter-defibrillator decisions.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome, stress cardiomyopathy, apical ballooning) is a stress-triggered, transient left ventricular dysfunction mimicking heart attack, affecting mostly postmenopausal women, driven by catecholamine surges, with 4–5% in-hospital mortality and no specific proven treatment.
Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy
Triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy (TGCV, 中性脂肪蓄積心筋血管症) is a rare Japanese-described disorder of impaired triglyceride lipolysis causing heart failure, diffuse coronary narrowing, and arrhythmia; diagnosed by BMIPP washout under 10% and treated investigationally with tricaprin (CNT-01).
Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis
Tropical endomyocardial fibrosis (Davies disease, EMF) is a restrictive cardiomyopathy of children and young adults in tropical Africa, Asia, and South America, causing ventricular endocardial fibrosis, valve regurgitation, and heart failure of unknown cause.
Ulrich Sigwart
Ulrich Sigwart (born 1941, Wuppertal) is a cardiologist who pioneered coronary stenting (Wallstent, first bailout implantation 1986) and invented alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy; ESC Gold Medal 2025.
Viral carditis
Viral carditis (ICD-11 1D85; ICD-10 B33.2) is heart inflammation from viral infection, mainly Coxsackie B and other enteroviruses, presenting as myocarditis, pericarditis, or dilated cardiomyopathy.
Viral myocarditis
Viral myocarditis is inflammation of the heart muscle caused by a viral infection, most often parvovirus B19 or HHV-6 today, ranging from no symptoms to heart failure and sudden death.
Wild type ATTR amyloidosis
Wild type ATTR amyloidosis (ATTRwt, senile systemic amyloidosis): acquired amyloidosis from misfolded normal transthyretin, mainly cardiac, onset after 60, male-predominant, often preceded by carpal tunnel syndrome; treated with TTR stabilizers.