8 articles
Barrett ulcer
A Barrett ulcer is a chronic peptic ulcer that develops within the metaplastic columnar epithelium lining the esophagus in Barrett's esophagus, a complication of chronic reflux disease.
Erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (erosive oesophagitis, reflux esophagitis): GERD with endoscopic mucosal breaks graded LA A-D; LA-B or higher is conclusive evidence, treated with PPIs or P-CABs.
Functional heartburn
Functional heartburn (FH): retrosternal burning with normal acid exposure, endoscopy, and manometry, a Rome IV gut-brain disorder distinct from GERD and reflux hypersensitivity; PPIs fail, neuromodulators help.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD, GORD): chronic condition in which stomach contents reflux into the esophagus causing heartburn, regurgitation, or complications; diagnosed by symptoms, endoscopy, and pH monitoring; treated with PPIs, P-CABs, and antireflux surgery.
Infant regurgitation
Infant regurgitation (ICD-11 DD93.0), effortless spitting up from gastroesophageal reflux in babies under 1 year; affects up to 70-85% by 2 months, resolves by 12-14 months, managed with reassurance and feed thickening.
Non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Non-erosive gastro-esophageal reflux disease (NERD), also called nonerosive reflux disease, is the more common form of GERD, causing troublesome heartburn and regurgitation without esophageal erosions on endoscopy, treated with proton pump inhibitors.
Oesophageal erosion
Oesophageal erosion (esophageal erosion, ICD-11 DA25.0) is a shallow mucosal breach of the oesophagus not extending through the muscularis mucosa, usually caused by acid reflux, diagnosed by endoscopy, and treated with proton pump inhibitors.
Oesophageal ulcer
An oesophageal ulcer, spelled esophageal ulcer in American English, is a mucosal break in the oesophagus extending into deeper wall layers, usually caused by reflux or drugs.