1,953 articles
Professional Misconduct
Professional misconduct is a violation of laws, regulations, or professional standards (MeSH D028743, 2002), also called unprofessional behavior. Distinct from malpractice; includes research misconduct (fabrication, falsification, plagiarism) and medical, legal, and disciplinary adjudication.
Professional Review Organizations
Professional Review Organizations (PROs), formerly PSROs and now Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs), are regionally contracted Medicare peer review bodies reviewing medical necessity, quality, and cost-effectiveness of care, created by the 1972 Social Security Amendments and reshaped by the 1982 Peer Review Improvement Act.
PROMOTE-PIs trial
PROMOTE-PIs (NCT00993031) was a phase 3 open-label randomized trial in Tororo, Uganda, testing lopinavir/ritonavir versus efavirenz-based ART in 389 HIV-infected pregnant women; it found no reduction in placental malaria or adverse birth outcomes.
PROPEL trial (NCT02561221)
PROPEL (NCT02561221), the PROmoting Successful Weight Loss in Primary CarE in Louisiana trial, was a PCORI-funded cluster-randomized trial of 18 Louisiana clinics and 803 patients with obesity; health-coach lifestyle intervention produced 4.99% versus 0.48% weight loss at 24 months.
Prospective cohort study
A prospective cohort study is an observational epidemiological design that records exposures at baseline and follows participants forward in time, directly estimating incidence and risk with certain temporality.
Protected health information
Protected health information (PHI) is individually identifiable health information held by HIPAA covered entities and business associates, protected by the Privacy and Security Rules, with de-identification, minimum necessary, and FTC gap coverage.
PROVESA trial
PROVESA trial (NCT04786834): a multicenter, randomized, blinded clinical trial at ORSI Academy, Belgium, comparing proficiency-based progression training with Halsted's traditional training for robotic vesico-urethral anastomosis on a chicken model; 12/18 versus 3/18 trainees reached proficiency.
PROVIDE trial (NCT03332225)
PROVIDE (NCT03332225) was a phase II randomized Greek trial of biomarker-guided immunotherapy in septic shock, testing anakinra for MALS and interferon-gamma for immunoparalysis; 36 patients enrolled, no mortality benefit.
Providence Hospital
Providence Hospital is a Catholic hospital in Washington, D.C., founded in 1861 by the Sisters of Charity and closed by Ascension, urgent care closing in July 2023.
PSMPD trial
PSMPD trial (NCT05239065), Personalized Stress Management With Application of Portable Devices in Occupational Populations: nonrandomized controlled study in two Wuhan hospitals testing Huawei-device-supported stress coaching for 245 healthcare workers; PSS improved, HRV did not differ.
PTN_POPS study
PTN_POPS (NCT01431326, NICHD-2011-POP01) is the Pediatric Trials Network's observational pharmacokinetic study of understudied drugs given per standard of care to children under 21, enrolling 3,520 participants from 2011 to 2019 across dozens of drugs and sites.
PTRG study
PTRG-DES consortium (PTRG study), a South Korean multicenter registry of 13,160 drug-eluting stent patients (2003-2018) linking platelet function tests and CYP2C19 genotype to long-term outcomes on clopidogrel.
PTSD-REA trial
PTSD-REA (NCT03991611) is a French stepped wedge cluster randomized trial led by Pierre Kalfon, Centre Hospitalier of Chartres, testing whether the IPREA3 discomfort-reduction program lowers PTSD symptoms (PCL-5) in ICU survivors at 1 year; 3,312 participants, 33 sites, including a COVID cohort.
Public health
Public health: the science of protecting and improving the health of whole populations through prevention, surveillance, and health promotion, distinct from individual clinical care; frameworks include the IOM core functions, CDC's 10 Essential Services, and WHO's 12 essential public health functions.
Public Health Administration
Public Health Administration is the management of public health organizations and agencies (MeSH D011635), covering assessment, policy development, and assurance functions, agency governance, performance measurement, and the history of governmental public health infrastructure.
Public Health Agency of Canada
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC, Agence de la santé publique du Canada), the federal public health agency created September 2004 after the SARS outbreak, led by a President and the Chief Public Health Officer, handling disease control, health promotion, and emergency response.
Public Health Department
Public Health Department: Tamil Nadu's Directorate of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, India's first separate public health directorate (1922), and Greater Chennai Corporation's municipal Public Health Department, covering primary care, disease control, and surveillance.
Public health emergency of international concern
A public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) is a formal determination by the WHO Director-General that a disease event requires a coordinated international response.
Public Health Infrastructure
Public health infrastructure: the workforce, information systems, and organizational resources enabling public health agencies to perform core functions; includes the 10 Essential Public Health Services and WHO building blocks frameworks.
Public Health Institute
Public Health Institute (PHI), founded 1964 in Oakland, CA, is a large 501(c)(3) public health nonprofit and fiscal sponsor with 40+ programs, $258.3M FY2024 revenue, 1,164 employees, and programs like CA Bridge and the Children's Oncology Group Coordinating Center.
Public Health Laboratory
The Public Health Laboratory (公共卫生化验所; LSP) is the government laboratory of Macao, China, founded in 1985, which tests for infectious diseases, food safety, and water quality.
Public health nursing
Public health nursing, often used interchangeably with community health nursing, is a specialty combining nursing, social, and public health science to improve population health through prevention, coined by Lillian Wald in the 1890s.
Public health nutrition
Public health nutrition is the field that applies nutrition science to populations rather than individual patients, designing and evaluating programs and policies to improve nutritional quality and food security.
Public Health Practice
Public health practice: organized community-level activities of public health services, defined in MeSH (D015980, 1998). Covers core functions (assessment, policy development, assurance), the 10 Essential Public Health Services, surveillance, and evidence-based implementation.
Public health research
Public health research: systematic study of population health and interventions to improve it, using epidemiological, qualitative, and mixed methods; also the NIHR open-access journal Public Health Research (ISSN 2050-439X), launched 2013, Southampton.
Public hospital
Public hospital: government-owned or government-accountable hospital financed by taxation or social insurance. Covers NHS nationalisation of 1948, European semi-autonomy reforms, and mixed evidence versus private hospitals.
Pulse Polio
Pulse Polio is India's national immunization campaign, launched in 1995, giving oral polio vaccine drops to every child under 5 on designated days, helping end wild polio by 2011.
Quackery
Quackery: deceptive promotion of unproven health products, services, or regimens for financial gain; also called health fraud. Covers patent-medicine history, placebo psychology, FDA/FTC regulation, harms, and social-media spread.
Quality Improvement
Quality improvement (QI): systematic, continuous approach to improving healthcare quality and patient outcomes using methods such as PDSA cycles, Lean, and Six Sigma adapted from industry; distinct from but complementary to implementation science.
Quality of Health Care
Quality of health care: the degree to which health services increase desired outcomes consistent with professional knowledge (IOM 1990). Covers Donabedian's structure–process–outcome model, IOM six aims, quality indicators, and OECD/CMS measurement frameworks.