1,953 articles
Sociology of health & illness
Sociology of health and illness: sociological subdiscipline studying the social causes and experience of health, illness, and medicine, descended from Parsons' medical sociology; also its flagship journal, founded 1979, owned by the Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness.
Solomon R. Benatar
Solomon R. Benatar, known as Solly, is a South African physician, pulmonologist, and bioethicist who is Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Cape Town.
SOLVE™ study (NCT00825643)
SOLVE (Study of Once-Daily Levemir), NCT00825643: 24-week, ten-country observational study of once-daily insulin detemir added to oral drugs in 17,374 type 2 diabetes patients; HbA1c fell 1.3%, weight −0.6 kg, low hypoglycemia.
SONABRE study
SONABRE study: SOutheast Netherlands Advanced BREast cancer Registry (NCT03577197), an observational cohort of advanced breast cancer patients since 2007 in 11 Dutch hospitals, known for real-world receptor discordance and survival time-trend studies.
Southern Medical University
Southern Medical University (南方医科大学), a public medical university in Guangzhou, formerly the PLA First Military Medical University, founded 1951, transferred to Guangdong in 2004; 3rd in ShanghaiRanking 2026 medical universities.
SpaCOVID trial
The SpaCOVID trial was a completed randomized clinical trial at Comenius University in Bratislava testing mountain spa rehabilitation, with or without ubiquinol, for post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Spanish flu
Spanish flu: the 1918–1920 influenza pandemic, an H1N1 virus of avian origin, also called the Great Influenza. Infected about 500 million (one-third of humanity); death estimates range from ~17 million to at least 50 million; killed unusually many healthy 20–40-year-olds in three waves.
Spanish flu in Southern Africa
The Spanish flu in Southern Africa reached South Africa in 1918, killing an estimated 300,000 to 500,000 people in six weeks, locally called "Black October".
SPECT-PROTMA trial
SPECT-PROTMA (NCT05010733) is a single-center pilot randomized trial at Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, comparing periprosthetic bone metabolism and alignment of Exeter V40 versus Müller straight stem cemented hip prostheses with 99mTc-MDP SPECT-CT at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months in 16 patients.
Spencer Foreman
Spencer Foreman (1935–2013) was an American physician-executive who led Montefiore Medical Center in the Bronx from 1986 to 2007, building it into a thriving academic medical center.
SPIROMICS study
SPIROMICS (SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study), NCT01969344, is an NHLBI-funded US prospective COPD cohort of about 2,981 participants at twelve centers, identifying COPD subpopulations and biomarkers, with SOURCE, AIR, and HF extensions.
SPUM-ACS study
SPUM-ACS (Special Program University Medicine – Acute Coronary Syndromes, NCT01000701) is a Swiss prospective multicentre cohort of over 7,000 ACS patients at university hospitals, studying inflammation, biomarkers, treatment safety, and mortality prediction.
SS-HCC trial
SS-HCC (NCT00495846), a completed 2007-2008 Federico II University of Naples pilot phase 2/3 trial testing depot octreotide-LAR and lanreotide Autogel in 25 patients with advanced somatostatin receptor-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma; no results posted.
St James's University Hospital
St James's University Hospital ("Jimmy's") is a large NHS teaching hospital on Beckett Street, Leeds, run by Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; it grew from an 1840s workhouse, expanded in the 1970s, and houses the Leeds Cancer Centre in the Bexley Wing.
St Mark's Hospital
St Mark's Hospital is a London hospital specializing entirely in intestinal and colorectal medicine. Founded in 1835 by Frederick Salmon, it is now based at Central Middlesex Hospital, Park Royal.
St Mary's Hospital, London
St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London: NHS acute hospital founded 1845, opened 1851, run by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust; home of London's busiest major trauma centre, Fleming's penicillin discovery, and a planned £2.2bn 800-bed rebuild.
St Thomas' Hospital
St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS teaching hospital in Lambeth, London, opposite the Palace of Westminster, with 840 beds and a history dating back to 1173.
St. Elizabeth's Medical Center
St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston (Brighton), founded 1868/69 as St. Elizabeth's Hospital for Women; teaching hospital under Steward Health Care, seized by eminent domain in 2024, now Boston Medical Center – Brighton.
St. Joseph's Hospital
St. Joseph's Hospital, St. Paul, Minnesota, founded 1853 by the Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet, was Minnesota's first hospital; it closed as a general hospital in 2020 and became Fairview's Community Health and Wellness Hub. Other hospitals share the name.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, founded by Danny Thomas in Memphis in 1962, is a nonprofit pediatric cancer research hospital where families never receive bills; ALSAC raised over $2.5 billion in 2024.
St. Luke's Hospital
St. Luke's Hospital, Bradford: NHS hospital on Little Horton Lane (BD5 0NA) run by Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, providing outpatient and rehabilitation services; a former 1852 workhouse and England's first municipal general hospital (1920).
STA trial
STA trial (SPTSS, NCT01837433): a phase 4 randomized trial at Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing, testing 1 week of prednisone plus NSAIDs versus 6-week prednisone for moderate-to-severe subacute thyroiditis, finding similar efficacy with fewer side effects.
STABILITY trial (NCT00799903)
STABILITY (NCT00799903), Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy: phase 3 GlaxoSmithKline trial of darapladib 160 mg daily in 15,828 stable coronary heart disease patients; Lp-PLA2 lowered ~65% but primary endpoint (cardiovascular death, MI, stroke) not reduced (HR 0.94).
STAMPEDE trial
STAMPEDE (Systemic Therapy in Advancing or Metastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy) is a UK-Swiss multi-arm multi-stage platform trial, 2005-2023, ~12,000 men, showing docetaxel, abiraterone, and low-burden radiotherapy improve survival when added to hormone therapy.
Standard precautions
Standard precautions are the minimum infection prevention practices applied to every patient in every healthcare setting, regardless of infection status, set out by the CDC in 1996.
Standardized rate
A standardized rate is a disease or mortality rate adjusted to a reference age structure, allowing fair comparison of populations; it includes directly standardized rates and SMRs.
Standing Orders
Standing orders are written, pre-authorized medical instructions allowing nurses, pharmacists, and other non-physician staff to deliver tests, treatments, or vaccinations when patients meet defined criteria, without a physician order at the time of care.
Stanford Medicine
Stanford Medicine is Stanford University's integrated academic health system: the School of Medicine, Stanford Health Care, and Stanford Children's Health. Founded from Cooper Medical College (1858), it moved to Palo Alto in 1959 and pioneered US heart transplantation.
Stanley Medical College
Stanley Medical College (SMC), Chennai, a government medical college established July 2, 1938 and affiliated with Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, with 250 MBBS seats, Government Stanley Hospital, and noted hand surgery and transplant programs.
START 1 trial
START 1 (NCT06419777) is a Thomas Jefferson University randomized trial comparing strict (two or more abnormal glucose values weekly) versus permissive (50% elevated weekly) thresholds for starting pharmacotherapy in gestational diabetes, enrolling 430 participants.