1,953 articles
Supercentenarian
Supercentenarian: a person validated to have lived to 110 or older. Key facts: rarity (1 in 7 million in the US), Jeanne Calment's 122-year record, mortality plateau debate, APOE/FOXO3 genetics, and age validation methods.
Superiority trial
A superiority trial is a randomized clinical trial designed to show that a new treatment is more effective than a comparator such as placebo or an active control.
SURGCOM study
SURGCOM (NCT07621198), Postoperative Complications in Major Surgery, is a prospective multicenter observational cohort in low- and middle-income settings developing a risk prediction model for 30-day major postoperative complications and mortality.
Surgeon General of the United States
The Surgeon General of the United States is the government's leading spokesperson on public health and head of the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.
Surgical oncology (journal of surgical oncology)
Journal of Surgical Oncology (JSO), Wiley-Liss surgical oncology journal founded 1969, ISSN 0022-4790/1096-9098, official journal of the World Federation of Surgical Oncology Societies, 16 issues yearly, edited by Laleh Melstrom.
SURMOUNT-1 trial
SURMOUNT-1 was a phase 3 trial funded by Eli Lilly testing weekly tirzepatide for weight loss in adults with obesity, showing reductions up to 20.9% and a 94% lower risk of progression to type 2 diabetes.
SURVIVE trial
SURVIVE (NCT05163080) is MimiVax and Roswell Park's phase 2b randomized placebo-controlled trial of the survivin vaccine SurVaxM plus temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma; median OS 22.8 vs 20.3 months (p=0.076), with significance only in patients 65 and under.
Susan B. Hassmiller
Susan B. Hassmiller is an American nurse and health policy leader who spent nearly 25 years as the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's senior adviser for nursing.
Susan G. Komen for the Cure
Susan G. Komen for the Cure, the trade name of the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, is a Dallas-based breast cancer nonprofit founded in 1982 by Nancy Brinker, known for Race for the Cure, the pink ribbon, and the 2012 Planned Parenthood funding reversal.
Susan Monarez
Susan Coller Monarez, American microbiologist and immunologist, first Senate-confirmed CDC director; confirmed July 29, 2025 (51-47), sworn in July 31, fired August 27, 2025 after 29 days in a vaccine-policy clash with HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
SUSTAIN™ 3 trial
The SUSTAIN 3 trial was a Novo Nordisk phase 3 trial in which once-weekly semaglutide 1.0 mg beat exenatide ER in 813 adults with type 2 diabetes.
Swachh Bharat Mission (स्वच्छ भारत मिशन)
Swachh Bharat Mission (स्वच्छ भारत मिशन), Clean India Mission, launched by PM Modi 2 October 2014; rural and urban sanitation campaign that declared India ODF by 2019 with over 100 million rural toilets, followed by ODF Plus Phase II and SBM-U 2.0.
SWEFOT trial
SWEFOT (SWEdish FarmacOTherapy) trial, a Swedish randomized open-label trial (NCT00764725) in early rheumatoid arthritis comparing infliximab versus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine added to methotrexate after methotrexate failure; infliximab better at 1 year, not cost-effective over 21 months.
SWEN trial
SWEN (Six Week Extended-dose Nevirapine) trial: NIH-funded phase III randomized trial in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda (2001–2007) comparing single-dose versus six weeks of daily infant nevirapine to prevent HIV transmission through breastfeeding; extended dosing cut transmission but caused high nevirapine resistance in infected infants.
SWIFT study
SWIFT (Study of Women, Infant Feeding and Type 2 Diabetes After GDM Pregnancy) is a Kaiser Permanente Northern California prospective cohort of 1,035 women with gestational diabetes, 2008–2011, showing graded 34–57% lower 2-year diabetes risk with more intense, longer breastfeeding.
SWIMFRAIL trial
SWIMFRAIL (NCT03955302) is a University of Valencia controlled trial of 12-week physiotherapist-led water exercise, 3 sessions weekly, in frail adults aged 65-95, measuring muscle architecture by ultrasound; completed December 2019 with reported echo-intensity and muscle-thickness improvements.
Swiss medical weekly
Swiss Medical Weekly (SMW, Swiss Med Wkly), Basel peer-reviewed general medical journal founded 1871 as Correspondenz-Blatt für Schweizer Aerzte, English-language Diamond open access since 2001, no author fees, official journal of three Swiss medical societies.
SYNTAXES study
SYNTAXES (SYNTAX Extended Survival, NCT03417050) is the 10-year extended follow-up of the SYNTAX trial: 1,800 patients with three-vessel or left main disease randomized to PCI or CABG; 10-year all-cause death similar overall (28% vs 24%, p=0.066), CABG better in three-vessel disease.
TAAG trial
TAAG (Trial of Activity in Adolescent Girls), NHLBI-sponsored group-randomized trial of 36 US middle schools, 2000-2006, testing a school-community intervention to halve the decline in girls' moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; modest effect (10.9 MET-min/day) after the Program Champion year.
TADPOL trial
TADPOL (TArgeting Type 1 Diabetes Using POLyamines, NCT05594563) is a phase 2 US trial of oral DFMO 1000 mg/m2/day vs placebo in ages 4-40 within 100 days of T1D diagnosis; 74 enrolled, results due June 2027.
Taipei Veterans General Hospital
Taipei Veterans General Hospital (臺北榮民總醫院, 北榮) is a public veterans medical center in Beitou, Taipei, founded 1958, with 3,136 beds, 7,116 staff, branches across Taiwan, and sister hospitals in Taichung and Kaohsiung.
Target group
A target group, often called a target audience or target population, is the specific set of people a program or message is intended to reach and influence.
Target trial emulation
Target trial emulation is an epidemiologic design approach in which an observational analysis is structured to mimic a randomized clinical trial, estimating causal effects of treatment strategies.
Tata Memorial Centre
Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), also called Tata Memorial Hospital, is India's national cancer centre, a Department of Atomic Energy grant-in-aid institute in Mumbai founded in 1941, now an eleven-hospital network spanning seven states.
Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act
Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 (TEFRA), Public Law 97-248: US budget law whose Medicare title created HMO risk contracting at 95 percent of AAPCC, TEFRA hospital target amounts, and the PRO peer review program.
TCC trial
TCC trial (Tororo Child Cohort), NCT00527800, Interactions Between HIV and Malaria in African Children: Phase 3 UCSF-led cohort in Tororo, Uganda, 2007-2013, 351 children, testing TMP/SMX prophylaxis and artemether-lumefantrine versus dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine.
TDF trial
TDF trial (NCT05313477): a 48-week Phase 4 randomized trial at Mahidol University testing vitamin D2 plus calcium in TDF-treated chronic hepatitis B patients; PTH endpoint not met, but hip BMD was preserved versus controls.
Teaching Hospitals
Teaching hospitals, also called academic medical centers or university hospitals, combine patient care with accredited training of medical students, residents, and fellows plus research; over 1,000 exist in the US, employing 2.7 million people.
Team nursing
Team nursing is a hospital care delivery model in which a registered nurse leads a team caring for a shared group of patients. It was the dominant US hospital staffing model in the 1950s.
TEARIAS trial
TEARIAS (NCT07818083) is a phase 3 Chinese multicenter randomized trial comparing tirofiban-enhanced antiplatelet therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy alone after stent-assisted coiling of ruptured intracranial aneurysms, with 90-day neurological prognosis as the primary endpoint and 622 planned participants.