Public health and healthcare

Treatment Switching

Treatment switching: patients in a randomized clinical trial (MeSH heading, 2021) leave their assigned arm, usually control to experimental in oncology trials; ITT survival estimates become biased and methods like RPSFTM, IPE, IPCW, and two-stage estimation adjust for it.

Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital

Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH, त्रिभुवन विश्वविद्यालय शिक्षण अस्पताल) is Nepal's first medical college hospital, in Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, under the Institute of Medicine; built with Japanese aid, inaugurated 1986, a top national referral center.

Tricare

TRICARE is the uniformed services health care program of the U.S. Department of Defense, administered by the Defense Health Agency, covering over 9 million active duty members, families, Guard and Reserve members, retirees, and survivors through plans such as Prime, Select, and TRICARE For Life.

Triple-blind study

A triple-blind study is a randomized clinical trial in which participants, researchers, and a third party such as data analysts are all unaware of treatment assignment.

TROOPeR trial

TROOPeR (NCT02706613) was a UK non-inferiority RCT comparing the myCOPD/myPR online pulmonary rehabilitation programme with face-to-face PR in 90 COPD patients, showing non-inferior 6MWT and CAT outcomes but lower app adherence.

Troyen A. Brennan

Troyen A. Brennan is an American physician, lawyer, and health-services researcher, former chief medical officer of Aetna and CVS Health and a National Academy of Medicine member.

TS-COVID trial

TS-COVID (NCT04627467) was a single-arm Phase 2 trial of chloroquine 150 mg base prophylaxis in 3,217 healthcare workers at Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia, during the COVID-19 pandemic; no results posted.

Tufts Medical Center

Tufts Medical Center, Boston academic medical center descended from the 1796 Boston Dispensary founded with Paul Revere and Samuel Adams; 415-bed principal teaching hospital of Tufts University School of Medicine, Level I trauma center, flagship of Tufts Medicine.

Tumaini Rucker Coker

Tumaini Rucker Coker is an American pediatrician and health-equity researcher who chairs Pediatrics at the University of Hawai'i medical school and serves on the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.

TWENTE trial

TWENTE trial: Dutch single-center randomized noninferiority trial (NCT01066650) comparing Medtronic Resolute zotarolimus-eluting and Abbott Xience V everolimus-eluting stents in 1,391 real-world PCI patients; similar target vessel failure at 1, 2, and 5 years.

Twin model

The twin model is a study design in genetics and epidemiology that compares identical and fraternal twins to estimate how much genes and environment shape traits and disease risk.

TxL-FN study

TxL-FN (TransplantLines Food and Nutrition Biobank and Cohort Study, NCT02811835) is a UMCG observational cohort of 707 renal transplant recipients and 300 donors studying diet, biomarkers, graft failure, and mortality.

TxL-IRI study

TxL-IRI (TransplantLines Insulin Resistance and Inflammation Biobank and Cohort Study, NCT03272854) is an observational UMCG cohort of 606 stable kidney transplant recipients, funded by the Dutch Kidney Foundation, studying insulin resistance, inflammation, mortality, graft failure, and NODAT.

Uma R. Kotagal

Uma R. Kotagal is an American pediatrician and neonatologist who led healthcare quality and safety work at Cincinnati Children's and was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2009.

Uncontrolled study

An uncontrolled study is a clinical or epidemiological study design lacking a comparison group, including single-arm trials, case series, and before-after studies, with high risk of bias.

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU, USUHS), the nation's only federal health sciences university in Bethesda, Maryland; chartered 1972, tuition-free military medical school with service obligation.

Union Hospital

Union Hospital refers to several unrelated hospitals: a private hospital in Tai Wai, Hong Kong; Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, a 2,500-bed public Grade III Class A teaching hospital in Fuzhou; and a Cleveland Clinic community hospital in Dover, Ohio.

United States Department of Health and Human Services

The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the US cabinet department administering Medicare, Medicaid, the FDA, the CDC, and the NIH.

United States Public Health Service

United States Public Health Service (USPHS), from the 1798 Marine Hospital Service; federal health agency under HHS led by the Surgeon General, with a uniformed Commissioned Corps of over 6,000 officers and agencies including CDC, NIH, and FDA.

United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps

The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, or USPHS Commissioned Corps, is a uniformed service of more than 6,000 public health professionals led by the U.S. Surgeon General.

Universal health care

Universal health care (universal health coverage, UHC): all people access needed quality health services without financial hardship. SDG target 3.8; SCI rose 54 to 71 (2000–2023); 4.6 billion still lack essential services; distinct from single-payer or NHS-specific models.

Universal precautions

Universal precautions are an infection control practice treating every patient's blood and certain body fluids as infectious for HIV and hepatitis B, formalized by the CDC in 1987.

Universidad de Ciencias Medicas

Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), private Costa Rican health sciences university in San José, founded 1976, chartered 1999; SINAES and COMAEM-accredited medicine, top 61.1% ECOM-CR pass rate, Galileo Global Education member.

Universitätskinderklinik

Universitätskinderklinik Magdeburg: the University Children's Hospital (Haus 10, Leipziger Str. 44) of Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University. 80 beds, Perinatal Center Level 1, pediatric oncology center of northern Saxony-Anhalt; director Prof. Antje Redlich since June 2026.

University Clinical Centre

The University Clinical Centre (Uniwersyteckie Centrum Kliniczne, UCK) is a multi-specialty teaching hospital in Gdańsk, Poland, founded in 1945, with about 208,000 patients a year, the largest in Pomerania.

University College Hospital

University College Hospital (UCH), London teaching hospital at 235 Euston Road run by UCLH NHS Foundation Trust; founded 1834 as North London Hospital, first English university teaching hospital, rebuilt 2005.

University College Hospital, Ibadan

University College Hospital, Ibadan (UCH) is Nigeria's first teaching hospital, established by the 1952 University College Hospital Act and commissioned 20 November 1957 with 500 beds; affiliated with the University of Ibadan, it now has about 1,445 bed spaces and trains much of Nigeria's medical workforce.

University Health Network

University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, is Canada's largest research hospital network, fully affiliated with the University of Toronto; formed by 1986-1999 mergers, it runs Toronto General, Toronto Western, Princess Margaret, Toronto Rehab, Michener, and West Park across 10 sites.

University Health System

University Health System (University Health), the Bexar County Hospital District, is a San Antonio, Texas public academic health system founded in 1917; its University Hospital is the ACS-verified Level I adult and pediatric trauma center for 22 South Texas counties and teaches for UT Health San Antonio.