25,729 articles
AFIRE trial
AFIRE trial (Atrial Fibrillation and Ischemic Events with Rivaroxaban in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease): 2019 Japanese randomized trial of 2,236 patients showing rivaroxaban monotherapy noninferior to rivaroxaban plus antiplatelet therapy and superior for bleeding.
Aflibercept
Aflibercept, sold as Eylea for eye conditions and Zaltrap for cancer, is a recombinant fusion protein that traps VEGF, developed by Regeneron and FDA-approved in 2011.
Afluria
Afluria (Fluvax, Enzira, CSL IVV) is Seqirus's egg-based split virion inactivated influenza vaccine, FDA approved since 2007, trivalent and quadrivalent, for ages 6 months and older, with a 2010 pediatric febrile seizure history and 2026 febrile seizure labeling.
African Traditional Medicine
African Traditional Medicine (Traditional African Medicine), indigenous healthcare of African peoples using medicinal plants, materia medica, and diviner-healers; used by over 80% of Africans, with WHO regional strategies and integration debates.
After-cataract
After-cataract, or posterior capsule opacification (PCO, ICD-11 9B10.22), is the most common complication of cataract surgery: residual lens epithelial cells cloud the posterior capsule, treated by outpatient Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy.
Aftercare
Aftercare: medical, nursing, or psychiatric care of a convalescent patient after hospital discharge or surgery (MeSH D000359). Evidence varies: primary-care-integrated aftercare cuts older-patient readmissions, while brief universal follow-up contacts show no measurable benefit.
Afterimage
Afterimage: a visual illusion in which an image persists after the stimulus is removed; positive (same color) or negative (complementary color) forms, retinal and cortical mechanisms, Emmert's law, and clinical afterimage testing.
Afterload
Afterload: the mechanical load opposing ventricular ejection, defined as aortic input impedance with steady (SVR) and pulsatile components; also lumped as effective arterial elastance Ea = end-systolic pressure/stroke volume.
Afuresertib
Afuresertib (GSK2110183, LAE002) is an oral ATP-competitive pan-AKT inhibitor developed for cancer; phase I myeloma MTD 125 mg/day, phase III breast cancer trial AFFIRM-205 met its endpoint.
AG1 (company)
AG1, formerly Athletic Greens, is a New Zealand-founded dietary supplement company selling a $79–$99/month greens powder by subscription; founded 2010 by Chris Ashenden, valued at $1.2 billion in 2022, with about $600 million 2024 revenue.
Agalsidase alfa
Agalsidase alfa (Replagal) is a recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease, EU-approved in 2001 at 0.2 mg/kg biweekly; distinct from agalsidase beta, it is not US-approved.
Agalsidase beta
Agalsidase beta (Fabrazyme) is recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A, an intravenous enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease, dosed 1 mg/kg every two weeks; US accelerated approval 2003, EU 2001, boxed anaphylaxis warning.
Agastim alfa for injection (阿格司亭α)
Agastim alfa for injection (阿格司亭α, albipagrastim alfa, brand 迈粒生, code 8MW0511) is a long-acting HSA-fusion G-CSF from Mabwell's Taikang Biopharmaceutical, NMPA-approved May 2025 to prevent febrile neutropenia in chemotherapy patients, dosed 500 μg/kg once per cycle.
Agastyaharitaki rasayana
Agastyaharitaki rasayana (Agastya Haritaki Rasayana) is a classical Ayurvedic avaleha herbal jam built on Terminalia chebula and dashamoola, recorded in Charaka, Sushruta, and Ashtanga Hridaya, dosed 6-12 g, used for cough, asthma, hiccough, and respiratory disorders.
Agatolimod
Agatolimod (CpG 7909, PF-3512676, ProMune, VaxImmune, ODN 2006) is a synthetic class B CpG oligodeoxynucleotide TLR9 agonist developed by Coley and Pfizer; its cancer development was discontinued after failed phase III NSCLC trials.
Age adjustment
Age adjustment is a statistical standardization method that replaces a population's age distribution with a standard one, allowing fair comparison of disease or death rates.
Age and female fertility
Age and female fertility: the age-linked decline in women's conception and live-birth chances from a fixed, depleting oocyte pool and rising egg aneuploidy; fecundity falls from ~32, faster after 37, with miscarriage and IVF outcomes quantified by age.
Age and health concerns about Donald Trump
Age and health concerns about Donald Trump: the oldest inaugurated U.S. president (80 in 2026), his White House physicals, chronic venous insufficiency, hand bruising, Montreal Cognitive Assessment claims rated False by PolitiFact, and disputed physician disclosures.
Age Determination by Skeleton
Age determination by skeleton (bone age assessment) estimates skeletal maturity from left hand-wrist radiographs using Greulich-Pyle or Tanner-Whitehouse methods, now increasingly automated by AI software matching human readers, with limited forensic accuracy at age 18.
Age Distribution
Age distribution is the breakdown of a population by age and sex, shown as population pyramids and tracked in UN World Population Prospects; key facts include 8.2 billion people in 2024, a projected 10.3 billion peak in the mid-2080s, and rising shares of people over 65.
Age of Onset
Age of onset, also indexed as age-at-onset, is the age at which a disease first appears, used in epidemiology, psychiatry, and genetics rather than age at diagnosis.
Age-associated cognitive decline
Age-associated cognitive decline (AACD, ICD-11 MB21.0) is normal, non-pathological cognitive aging: declines in processing speed, memory, and executive function from early adulthood, without loss of daily independence, distinct from MCI and dementia.
Age-related cataract
Age-related cataract (senile cataract) is lens opacification from aging, beginning around age 40 as lens proteins clump. Nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular subtypes; leading cause of blindness worldwide; treated only by surgery.
Age-Well trial
Age-Well (Medit-Ageing, Silver Santé Study; NCT02977819): Caen, France RCT of 137 adults 65+ randomized to 18-month meditation, English training, or no intervention; no cognitive gains, but improved well-being and reduced loneliness.
Ageing
Ageing (aging) is the accumulation of molecular and cellular damage causing declining capacity, plus the demographic rise of older populations; hallmarks framework, epigenetic clocks, and UN Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030.
Ageing associated decline in intrinsic capacity
Ageing associated decline in intrinsic capacity (ICD-11 MG2A, formerly "old age"): WHO concept for age-related loss of physical and mental capacities across five domains, tracked by ICOPE screening and predicting frailty and disability.
AGel amyloidosis
AGel amyloidosis (Meretoja disease, familial amyloidosis Finnish type) is a rare autosomal dominant gelsolin (GSN) amyloidosis causing corneal lattice dystrophy, facial nerve paresis, and cutis laxa, concentrated in Finland, with near-normal life expectancy and only symptomatic treatment.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), formerly AHCPR (1989), is the HHS lead federal agency for healthcare quality, patient safety, and primary care research, known for MEPS, HCUP, TeamSTEPPS, CUSP, and PSNet, headquartered in Rockville, Maryland.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC, ACC): congenital absence or partial absence of the brain's interhemispheric fiber bundle, occurring in about 1:4,000 births, diagnosed by imaging, mostly of unknown cause, with variable cognitive outcomes.
Agenesis of the superior vena cava
Agenesis of the superior vena cava is an uncommon congenital malformation in which the vessel returning blood from the upper body to the heart is missing.