25,729 articles
Agenesis of vas deferens
Agenesis of the vas deferens (CAVD; CBAVD, CUAVD) is a congenital absence of the sperm-carrying duct, usually CFTR-related, causing obstructive male infertility and often associated with renal agenesis.
Agglutination test
An agglutination test is a diagnostic immunoassay in which antibodies cross-link antigen-bearing cells or particles into clumps visible by eye, used to detect antigens or antibodies in blood, urine, or saliva.
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia (ANKL, aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia) is a rare EBV-associated systemic malignancy of mature NK cells, mainly affecting young Asian adults, presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and coagulopathy, with a median survival of about 2 months.
Aggressive periodontitis
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP), formerly juvenile or early-onset periodontitis, is a rapidly destructive periodontitis of young, systemically healthy people; the 2017 AAP/EFP classification retired the term in favor of staged periodontitis.
Aggressive systemic mastocytosis
Aggressive systemic mastocytosis (ASM, ORPHA:98850) is a rare advanced form of systemic mastocytosis with mast cell organ infiltration and C-findings, no associated hematologic neoplasm; KIT D816V-driven, treated with avapritinib or midostaurin.
Agility
Agility (sports science): rapid whole-body movement with change of velocity or direction in response to a stimulus, distinct from pre-planned change of direction speed; trained via SAQ programs, tested with Illinois, T-test, and 505 field tests.
Aging brain
Aging brain: age-related structural, cellular, and cognitive changes in the brain, distinguished from dementia; covers cognitive reserve, brain-age imaging, and exercise, training, and lifestyle intervention evidence.
Aglatimagene besadenovec
Aglatimagene besadenovec (CAN-2409) is Candel Therapeutics' replication-defective adenovirus delivering the HSV thymidine kinase gene, injected into tumors with valacyclovir prodrug; positive phase 3 in localized prostate cancer, phase 2a in NSCLC, not yet approved.
Agnes Binagwaho
Agnes Binagwaho is a Rwandan pediatrician who served as Rwanda's Minister of Health from 2011 to 2016, led its National AIDS Control Commission, and co-founded the University of Global Health Equity.
Agnimukha curna
Agnimukha curna (Agnimukha Churna) is an Ayurvedic polyherbal powder from Yogaratnakara, eight ingredients including asafoetida and ajowan, dosed 3-6 g for dyspepsia, constipation, and hemorrhoids; distinct from Bṛhad agnimukha cūrṇa and from the drug name agnimukha for Semecarpus anacardium.
AGNITUNDIVATI
Agnitundi Vati (Agnitundivati, Agnitunda rasa) is a classical herbo-mineral Ayurvedic pill from Bhaisajyaratnavali, AFI Part I 12:1, containing purified mercury, sulphur, aconite, and salts, prescribed for Agnimandya (weak digestion).
Agnosia
Agnosia is the inability to recognize stimuli despite intact sensation, coined by Freud in 1891; divided by Lissauer into apperceptive and associative forms, caused by stroke, injury, tumors, or dementia.
Agomelatine
Agomelatine (Valdoxan, Thymanax) is a melatonin MT1/MT2 agonist and 5-HT2C antagonist antidepressant approved in Europe in 2009 for major depressive episodes in adults, taken 25–50 mg at bedtime with mandatory liver monitoring.
Agonist
Agonist: a receptor-binding ligand that activates signaling, defined by affinity and efficacy. Covers full, partial, inverse, and biased agonists, Stephenson's 1956 efficacy concept, and the affinity-efficacy problem.
Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder involving marked fear of two or more situations, such as public transport, open or enclosed spaces, crowds, or leaving home alone, where escape seems difficult; formerly tied to panic disorder, it became an independent DSM-5 diagnosis with about 1%–1.7% annual prevalence.
Agranulocytosis
Agranulocytosis: severe neutrophil deficiency (ANC <500/µL), usually drug-induced (clozapine, antithyroid drugs, metamizole), presenting with fever and infection; about 5% lethality, treated with drug stop, antibiotics, G-CSF.
Agraphia
Agraphia (ICD-11 MB4B.3) is the acquired loss of the ability to write, usually after stroke or brain injury. Divided into central (linguistic) and peripheral (motor) subtypes including apraxic, allographic, and phonological agraphia.
AGuIX
AGuIX (Activation and Guidance of Irradiation by X-ray) is a 5 nm gadonium-based nanoparticle developed by NH TherAguix in France as an MRI contrast agent and X-ray radiosensitizer for tumors.
AH amyloidosis
AH amyloidosis (heavy chain amyloidosis) is a rare systemic amyloidosis with fibrils of monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chains from a plasma cell neoplasm, mainly renal, about 2.3% of typed cases.
AHDC1-related intellectual disability-obstructive sleep apnea-mild dysmorphism syndrome
AHDC1-related intellectual disability-obstructive sleep apnea-mild dysmorphism syndrome, also called Xia-Gibbs syndrome (MIM 615829), is a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder from de novo truncating AHDC1 variants, causing developmental delay, hypotonia, sleep apnea, and dysmorphism.
Ahiphenasava (ahiphensava)
Ahiphenasava (Ahiphenāsava), classical Ayurvedic fermented asava whose main ingredient is purified opium (Papaver somniferum); given in 5-10 drop doses for severe diarrhea, dysentery, and cholera-like conditions, regulated as a narcotic in India.
Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital
Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria: federal tertiary teaching hospital of Ahmadu Bello University, founded as the Institute of Health in 1968, moved to Shika in 1999, 650 beds, led by Prof. Ahmed Umadagas Hamidu.
Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation
Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is eye surgery that implants a valved drainage device to lower intraocular pressure in refractory glaucoma, mainly when trabeculectomy has failed or is unlikely to succeed.
AHRE-BLAST study
AHRE-BLAST (NCT07305194) is a prospective observational study at University Hospital of Patras comparing atrial high-rate episode burden over 24 months in 460 pacemaker patients receiving Bachmann bundle area pacing plus left bundle branch pacing versus RAA plus LBBP or conventional pacing.
AI-induced psychosis
AI-induced psychosis, also called AI psychosis or AI-associated psychosis, is a proposed phenomenon of delusions appearing or worsening after intensive LLM chatbot use; not a formal diagnosis, with evidence from case reports, EHR studies, and sycophancy research.
AI5FMHFSPRFSOE trial
The AI5FMHFSPRFSOE trial, registered as NCT07397520, was a completed phase 4 trial in Mexico City testing weekly 5-fluorouracil injections for hypertrophic periocular scars from trauma or surgery.
Aicardi syndrome
Aicardi syndrome: rare X-linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder of females, defined by agenesis of the corpus callosum, chorioretinal lacunae, and infantile spasms; cause unknown.
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a rare genetic interferonopathy and leukodystrophy mimicking congenital infection; nine causative genes including TREX1 and RNASEH2B; genotype-linked mortality and emerging JAK-inhibitor trials.
AID-Comp trial
AID-Comp (NCT05477030), Effect of Automated Insulin Delivery on Early-stage Diabetic Complications, is a University of Milan randomized trial comparing Medtronic MiniMed 780G hybrid closed-loop with predictive low glucose suspend in 52 adults with type 1 diabetes, measuring time in range, HbA1c, and early microvascular damage markers over 26 weeks.
AIDA STEMI trial
AIDA STEMI (Abciximab Intracoronary versus intravenously Drug Application in STEMI), NCT00712101: randomized open-label trial of 2,065 STEMI patients comparing intracoronary with intravenous abciximab bolus during primary PCI; similar MACE and infarct size in both routes.