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Female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin
FATWO, female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin, is a rare low-malignant-potential gynecologic neoplasm from mesonephric duct remnants, usually in the broad ligament, median age 50, treated by surgical resection.
Female athlete triad
Female athlete triad: syndrome in active girls and women linking low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density; coined by ACSM in 1992, redefined as a spectrum in 2007, related to but distinct from the IOC's broader RED-S term.
Female body shape
Female body shape is the distribution of bone, muscle, and fat on the female body, typically measured by waist-to-hip ratio, which is lower in premenopausal women.
Female condom
Female condom (internal condom): a sheath with two rings worn inside the vagina or anus for dual protection against pregnancy and STIs. FC1 (polyurethane, 1993) and FC2 (nitrile, 2009); 95% effective with correct use, 79% typical use.
Female Contraceptive Devices
Female contraceptive devices prevent pregnancy and include IUDs (copper, levonorgestrel), vaginal barriers (diaphragm, cervical cap, sponge, female condom), and the hormonal vaginal ring, with typical use failure rates from 0.1% to 22%.
Female dyspareunia
Female dyspareunia (ICD-11 GA12) is recurrent genital pain with intercourse or vaginal penetration from an identifiable physical cause; DSM-5 folds it into GPPPD. Prevalence 7.5% (Britain), 10-20% (US).
Female ejaculation
Female ejaculation: urethral fluid expulsion during female orgasm, distinguished since 2011 from squirting; FE is a few mL of PSA-rich milky fluid from Skene's glands, squirting a larger urine-like bladder expulsion, both distinct from coital incontinence.
Female genital mutilation
Female genital mutilation, also called female genital cutting, is the removal of or harm to external female genitalia without medical justification, affecting over 230 million girls and women.
Female genital pain
Female genital pain: pain perceived in the pelvis, pelvic organs, vagina, or external genitals (ICD-11 GA34.6). Includes vulvodynia, dyspareunia, and pain from specific disorders; classified by the 2015 ISSVD, ISSWSH, and IPPS consensus.
Female hysteria
Female hysteria, from Greek hystera (uterus), was a diagnosis applied to women for over two millennia, attributed to a wandering womb, treated with rest cures and surgery, reframed by Charcot and Freud, and removed from the DSM in 1980; the vibrator-treatment narrative is disputed.
Female pelvic pain
Female pelvic pain, ICD-11 GA34.2, is pelvic pain in women linked to internal genital organs or the menstrual cycle; subtypes cyclic and noncyclic; chronic form lasts over three months; causes include endometriosis and PID.
Female reproductive system
Female reproductive system: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and vagina; produces oocytes and sex hormones, runs the menstrual cycle via GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone, and supports pregnancy from menarche (~13 years) to menopause (median 51 years).
Female urinal
Female urinal: fixed or hand-held device letting women urinate standing or squatting, also called She-Pee, Lapee, or PEEQUAL units. Used at festivals, schools, and hospitals; urinals are 6x faster than toilet carts, cutting women's 34x-longer queues.
Feminine hygiene
Feminine hygiene covers menstrual products (pads, tampons, cups, discs) and vulvovaginal care practices. Key facts: 2.1 billion menstruate, 500 million lack materials, douching raises infection risks, cups cut waste and cost.
Feminizing hormone therapy
Feminizing hormone therapy combines 17-beta estradiol with antiandrogens such as spironolactone to develop female secondary sex characteristics and suppress testosterone in transgender women, with VTE risk shaping formulation choice.
Femoral artery
Femoral artery (Arteria femoralis): main thigh artery, continuation of the external iliac artery under the inguinal ligament, becoming the popliteal artery at the adductor hiatus; largest branch profunda femoris; key site for catheterization and PAD.
Femoral hernia
Femoral hernia: bowel or fat protruding through the femoral canal in the groin; rare (2-4% of groin hernias), more common in older women, high strangulation risk, usually repaired surgically with mesh or sutures.
Femoral nerve
The femoral nerve is a large lower limb nerve arising from the L2, L3, and L4 lumbar plexus roots and supplying the anterior thigh muscles.
Femoral triangle
Femoral triangle (Scarpa's triangle, trigonum femorale): wedge-shaped space in the superomedial thigh bounded by inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus; contains femoral nerve, artery, vein, canal (NAVEL); site for pulse, vascular access, hernias.
Femoral vein
Femoral vein (vena femoralis), formerly misnamed superficial femoral vein: the deep thigh vein continuing the popliteal vein through the adductor hiatus to become the external iliac vein; drains the lower limb, has one to six valves, and is a standard catheter access site.
Femoral-facial syndrome
Femoral-facial syndrome, also called femoral hypoplasia-unusual facies syndrome, is a rare congenital disorder combining underdeveloped or absent femurs with distinctive facial features, often linked to maternal diabetes.
Femoroacetabular impingement
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI, FAI syndrome): hip condition with cam, pincer, or combined extra bone causing abnormal joint contact, pain, labral and cartilage damage, and early osteoarthritis risk.
Femoropopliteal bypass
Femoropopliteal bypass is a vascular operation that restores blood flow to the leg by grafting a conduit, preferably the great saphenous vein, around blocked arteries.
Femur
Femur (thigh bone, os femoris): the longest, heaviest, strongest human bone, running hip to knee; ~128-degree neck-shaft angle, endochondral ossification from week 7, over 300,000 US hip fractures yearly.
Femur-fibula-ulna complex
Femur-fibula-ulna complex (FFU complex, femur-fibula-ulna syndrome, OMIM 228200) is a rare, sporadic, non-lethal congenital limb malformation with asymmetric hypoplasia or absence of the femur, fibula, and/or ulna; right side and upper limbs more often affected.
Fencing response
Fencing response, or tonic posturing, is an involuntary posture after traumatic brain injury: one arm extends, the opposite flexes. Linked to the brainstem lateral vestibular nucleus; indicates moderate injury forces but not worse NFL recovery outcomes.
Fenclofenac
Fenclofenac (Flenac, RX 67408) is a withdrawn phenylacetic acid NSAID, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, introduced 1978 for rheumatic disorders and removed in 1985 after skin rashes, seven deaths, and 895 adverse effect reports.
Fenclozic acid
Fenclozic acid (Myalex, ICI 54,450), a 1960s ICI carboxylic acid NSAID for rheumatoid arthritis, was withdrawn from clinical development in 1971 after causing cholestatic hepatotoxicity in human trials at 400 mg/day, an effect not seen in animals.
Fenebrutinib
Fenebrutinib (GDC-0853, RG7845) is Roche/Genentech's oral, non-covalent, reversible BTK inhibitor in Phase III for relapsing and primary progressive MS; FDA NDA accepted under priority review 30 September 2026; also trialed in rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
Fenestrated branched endovascular aortic repair
Fenestrated branched endovascular aortic repair (F/BEVAR) is an endovascular technique that treats complex aortic aneurysms involving renal, visceral, or arch vessels with stent grafts preserving branch blood flow.