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Flufenamic acid
Flufenamic acid is a fenamate NSAID with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects, used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and also a widely used ion channel research tool.
Fluid compartments
Fluid compartments: the body's water divided into intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid (plasma, interstitial, transcellular), about 42 L in a 70 kg man, governed by Starling forces and the revised glycocalyx model.
Fluid in peritoneal cavity
Fluid in peritoneal cavity (ICD-11 ME04.0), also called peritoneal effusion or ascites when pathological; free abdominal fluid, ~80% from cirrhosis in the US, diagnosed by paracentesis and SAAG ≥1.1 g/dL.
Fluid Therapy
Fluid therapy is a medical treatment that restores the volume and composition of body fluids to normal water-electrolyte balance, given intravenously, orally, by gavage, or under the skin.
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is an MRI pulse sequence that suppresses cerebrospinal fluid signal so lesions near fluid stand out, especially in multiple sclerosis, first reported in 1992.
Fluindione
Fluindione (Previscan), an indanedione vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant, ATC B01AA12, marketed only in France; initiation banned since 1 December 2018 over severe immuno-allergic risk, use limited to renewals.
Flulaval quadrivalent
FluLaval Quadrivalent (FluLaval Q-QIV) is GSK's egg-based inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine, BLA 125163, first US-approved 2013, for persons 6 months and older, 0.5 mL intramuscular dose.
Flumatinib
Flumatinib (HH-GV-678, Hansoh Xinfu, 豪森昕福) is a second-generation BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved in China (2019) for newly diagnosed chronic-phase CML; FESTnd showed superior molecular responses to imatinib.
Flumazenil
Flumazenil (Ro 15-1788, Anexate) is an imidazobenzodiazepine competitive antagonist at the benzodiazepine receptor, made by Roche (1979, marketed 1987), used to reverse benzodiazepine and Z-drug sedation but not barbiturates, ethanol, or opioids.
Flumequine
Flumequine is a synthetic quinolone antibacterial, first described 1976, the first C-6 fluorinated quinolone; withdrawn from human use for ocular toxicity, still a veterinary drug for livestock and farmed fish, selecting the same GyrA resistance as fluoroquinolones.
Flumexadol
Flumexadol (CERM-1841), 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]morpholine, CAS 30914-89-7, is a trifluoromethylphenyl morpholine, non-narcotic analgesic, and selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist (Ki 25 nM, (+)-enantiomer); active metabolite of oxaflozane, listed as withdrawn.
Flunarizine
Flunarizine, a selective calcium-entry blocker related to cinnarizine, is a once-daily 5–10 mg migraine prophylactic with level A evidence, also used for vertigo and refractory epilepsy; not marketed in the US, limited by somnolence, weight gain, depression, and parkinsonism.
Flunisolide
Flunisolide (AeroBid, Nasalide, Nasarel) is a synthetic corticosteroid, glucocorticoid receptor agonist, C24H31FO6, half-life 1.8 h, used as nasal spray for allergic rhinitis and inhaler for asthma; first FDA-approved INCS spray (1981).
Flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol, roofies) is a Roche benzodiazepine hypnotic from 1975 used for insomnia and anesthesia, known for amnesia, abuse, date-rape association, and fatal intoxications; illegal in the US, Class C in the UK.
Fluocinonide
Fluocinonide, a synthetic topical corticosteroid (21-acetate ester of fluocinolone acetonide, C26H32F2O7, US approval 1971), treats eczema and psoriasis as 0.05% and super-high-potency 0.1% creams, gels, and ointments.
Fluocortolone
Fluocortolone (Ultralan) is a synthetic fluorinated glucocorticoid used topically for skin disorders; its pivalate and hexanoate esters appear in rectal products Ultraproct and Doloproct for haemorrhoids, fissures, and proctitis.
Fluorescein lisicol
Fluorescein lisicol (NRL972, cholyl-lysyl-fluorescein) is a fluorescent bile acid analog developed by Norgine as an investigational marker of hepatic biliary transporter function; development was discontinued in July 2013.
Fluorescence molecular tomography
Fluorescence molecular tomography, also called fluorescence tomography, is an optical imaging method that reconstructs 3D distributions of fluorescent probes inside living tissue from surface measurements.
Fluorescence polarization immunoassay
A fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) is a homogeneous competitive immunoassay that quantifies small analytes like drugs and hormones in minutes, used in therapeutic drug monitoring and food testing.
Fluorescence-guided surgery
Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is a technique in which fluorescent imaging agents given before or during surgery make tumor tissue glow, enabling real-time visualization alongside the white-light field.
Fluorescent enzyme immunoassay
A fluorescent enzyme immunoassay is an immunoassay, a variant of ELISA, in which an enzyme-labeled antibody converts a substrate into a fluorescent product for sensitive detection.
Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test
FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption) test: manual treponemal syphilis serology using fluorescein-labeled antibody and Reiter treponeme absorption; developed 1957–1964; CDC now prefers TPPA.
Fluoride therapy
Fluoride therapy is the use of fluoride compounds, delivered as varnishes, gels, mouthrinses, and silver diamine fluoride, to prevent dental caries and strengthen tooth enamel.
Fluoride Treatment
Fluoride treatment: professional or home application of fluoride varnish, gel, foam, mouthrinse, or toothpaste to prevent dental caries; reduces caries about 26-33% in children, varnish safest professional form.
Fluoride varnish
Fluoride varnish is a resin-based topical fluoride preparation, typically 5% sodium fluoride, painted onto teeth to prevent and slow dental caries; it is the only professional topical fluoride agent recommended for children younger than 6.
Fluorine deficiency
Fluorine deficiency (fluoride deficiency), ICD-11 5B5K.4: low fluoride in plaque and enamel raising dental caries risk and possibly weakening bones; classified as a deficiency though EFSA says fluoride is not an essential nutrient.
Fluorine excess
Fluorine excess (ICD-11 5B91.3) is chronic excessive fluoride intake causing dental and skeletal fluorosis, mainly from high-fluoride groundwater, fluoride-rich coal, or tea; WHO water guideline is 1.5 mg/L.
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET
Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET, or FDG PET, is a nuclear medicine scan that maps glucose metabolism using a radiolabeled glucose analog, widely used to detect, stage, and monitor cancer.
Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Fluorine-19 MRI (19F MRI) detects administered fluorinated agents such as perfluorocarbon cell labels against a zero-fluorine background, enabling quantitative, background-free tracking of therapeutic and immune cells in vivo.
Fluorometholone
Fluorometholone (FML, Flarex) is a synthetic topical glucocorticoid, C22H29FO4, first approved 1972, used as 0.1% eye drops for steroid-responsive ocular inflammation, with lower intraocular pressure-raising risk than dexamethasone or prednisolone.