Human health and medicine

Sarasvata ghrta

Sarasvata ghrta (Sārasvata Ghṛta), also written Saraswata Ghrita, is a classical Ayurvedic medicated cow-ghee formulation (AFI Part-I 6:43) with seven herbs, rock salt, goat's milk, and water, used for memory, intellect, and speech and studied for neuroprotective effects.

Sarcocystosis

Sarcocystosis (sarcosporidiosis), infection with Sarcocystis protozoa; intestinal form from undercooked beef or pork (S. hominis, S. suihominis), muscular form from sporocyst-contaminated food or water, mostly tropical regions and Southeast Asia.

Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis, also known as Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease, is an inflammatory disease of unknown cause in which immune cells form granulomas, most often in the lungs and chest lymph nodes.

Sarcoidosis of lung

Sarcoidosis of lung (pulmonary sarcoidosis, ICD-11 4B20.0) is lung involvement in sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disease of unknown cause. Diagnosed by compatible presentation, nonnecrotizing granulomas, and exclusion of alternatives; treated first with glucocorticoids.

Sarcoidosis of lymph nodes

Sarcoidosis of lymph nodes (ICD-11 4B20.1, benign lymphogranulomatosis) is lymph node involvement by sarcoidosis; intrathoracic nodes enlarged in 75–90% of patients, diagnosed by noncaseating granulomas with EBUS-guided sampling.

Sarcoma

Sarcoma is a rare cancer arising in bone or soft tissues such as muscle, fat, and cartilage, with over 50 types and treatments including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Sarcomere

Sarcomere: the repeating contractile unit of striated muscle, delimited by Z-discs, about 2 µm long, built from actin, myosin, troponin, tropomyosin, and titin; force peaks at 2.0–2.2 µm and sarcomeric gene mutations drive cardiomyopathies.

Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia, also called muscle failure, is progressive age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. Diagnosed by EWGSOP2 or AWGS 2019 criteria; no FDA-approved drug exists.

Sarcosinemia

Sarcosinemia (hypersarcosinemia, sarcosine dehydrogenase deficiency, OMIM 268900) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism with elevated sarcosine in plasma and urine due to SARDH deficiency; considered benign.

Sarecycline

Sarecycline (Seysara) is a narrow-spectrum, once-daily oral tetracycline-class antibiotic approved by the FDA in October 2018 for inflammatory lesions of non-nodular moderate to severe acne vulgaris in patients aged 9 and older, dosed 60-150 mg by weight.

Sargramostim

Sargramostim, marketed as Leukine, is a recombinant GM-CSF drug approved in 1991 that speeds myeloid recovery after chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation and improves survival after radiation exposure.

Sarivadyasava

Sarivadyasava (Sārivādyāsava, Saribadyasavam) is an Ayurvedic fermented liquid (asava) led by Hemidesmus indicus root, with 5–10% self-generated alcohol, used traditionally for gout, urinary, skin, and blood disorders; dose 12–30 ml.

Sarizotan

Sarizotan (EMD 128130), a 5-HT1A agonist and dopamine D3/D4 ligand developed by Merck KGaA for levodopa dyskinesia; failed phase III trials and a Rett syndrome trial (STARS, NCT02790034), never approved.

SARM1

SARM1 (sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1), also called SARM or SAMD2, is a human NAD+-cleaving enzyme on chromosome 17q11.2 that executes programmed axon degeneration after injury and is a neuroprotective drug target.

Sarngadharasamhita

Sarngadharasamhita (Śārṅgadhara Saṁhitā, शार्ङ्गधर संहिता) is a 13th-14th century Ayurvedic treatise by Sharangadhara, son of Damodara; one of the Laghutrayee, with 3 khandas, 32 chapters, about 2,600 verses, earliest pulse-examination text, and a practical pharmaceutical core.

Saroglitazar

Saroglitazar (Lipaglyn) is a dual PPAR α/γ agonist by Zydus, approved in India in 2013 for diabetic dyslipidemia and in 2020 for NAFLD; not FDA approved, with a PBC NDA under Priority Review.

Sartorius muscle

Sartorius (musculus sartorius), the tailor's muscle, is the longest muscle in the human body, about 60 cm, running from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pes anserinus on the medial tibia, innervated by the femoral nerve L2-L3, with segmental type IV blood supply and flap and tendon-transfer surgical uses.

Saruparib

Saruparib (AZD5305) is AstraZeneca's orally bioavailable, PARP1-selective PARP inhibitor and trapper (~500-fold selectivity over PARP2) for HRR-deficient breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, in Phase III EvoPAR trials.

Sarvatobhadra vati

Sarvatobhadra vati (Sarvatobhadrā vaṭī), also sold as Sarvatobhadra Ras, is a classical Ayurvedic herbo-mineral tablet (AFI000461, 125 mg) with Crateva nurvala bark, gold, silver, iron, and mica bhasmas, indicated for kidney and urinary disorders.

Sasanlimab

Sasanlimab (PF-06801591, proposed brand Zumrad) is Pfizer's subcutaneous anti-PD-1 IgG4 monoclonal antibody for bladder cancer; its phase 3 CREST trial met its EFS endpoint, but the EMA application was withdrawn in February 2026.

Saskatchewan Health

Saskatchewan Health is the publicly funded health care system of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, which pioneered publicly funded medical insurance in 1962 amid a province-wide doctors' strike.

Satavaptan

Satavaptan (SR 121463, Aquilda) is a Sanofi-developed, highly selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist (vaptan class) for hyponatremia and cirrhotic ascites; it raised serum sodium in trials but failed phase III endpoints, showed higher mortality with diuretics, and was withdrawn in 2008, never approved.

Satavari guda

Satavari guda (Śatāvarī guḍa) is an Ayurvedic jaggery-based polyherbal confection built on Asparagus racemosus root; AFI000405, 6 g dose, 18 ingredients, studied for leucorrhoea.

SATB2-associated syndrome

SATB2-associated syndrome (Glass syndrome, 2q33.1 microdeletion syndrome), a rare autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by SATB2 gene variants, marked by intellectual disability, absent or limited speech, palatal and dental anomalies, and behavioral issues.