Human health and medicine

VC005 (JAK1 inhibitor)

VC005 is a second-generation, highly selective JAK1 inhibitor by Jiangsu Vcare, developed as an oral tablet and topical gel for atopic dermatitis, ankylosing spondylitis, vitiligo, and rheumatoid arthritis, with picomolar JAK1 potency and reduced JAK2 activity.

VCaP

VCaP, short for Vertebral Cancer of the Prostate, is a human prostate cancer cell line derived in 1997 from a lumbar vertebra metastasis in a man with hormone-refractory disease.

VCT220

VCT220 (CX11) is Vincentage Pharma's once-daily oral nonpeptide GLP-1 receptor agonist for obesity; its China Phase 3 trial showed 12.2–12.4% weight loss at 52 weeks, and its NDA was filed with China's CDE in July 2026.

Oct 20, 2026

VDAART trial

VDAART (Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial), NCT00920621, randomized 881 high-risk pregnant women to 4,400 vs 400 IU/day vitamin D3; 20% asthma reduction at age 3 (p=0.051), no effect by age 6.

Vecantoxatug

Vecantoxatug (GR2001, 唯康度塔单抗) is a humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody against tetanus neurotoxin by Genrix, designed to replace HTIG for passive tetanus prophylaxis; NMPA NDA accepted May 2025.

Vector flow imaging

Vector flow imaging (VFI) is an ultrasound method that measures the full velocity of blood flow, both speed and direction, without angle correction, unlike conventional color Doppler.

Vector flow mapping

Vector flow mapping is an echocardiographic method that reconstructs two-dimensional intracardiac blood flow velocity vectors from standard color Doppler images, quantifying hemodynamics such as energy loss, vorticity, and relative pressure.

Vectorcardiography

Vectorcardiography (VCG), also called vectorelectrocardiography, records the heart's electrical activity as 3D vector loops rather than scalar ECG tracings; originated with Mann's 1920 monocardiogram, standardized by the 1956 Frank lead system, and now usually synthesized from the 12-lead ECG.

Vedolizumab

Vedolizumab (Entyvio, Takeda) is a gut-selective anti-α4β7 integrin monoclonal antibody for moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and chronic pouchitis, given IV 300 mg or SC 108 mg.

Veganism

Veganism: philosophy and diet excluding all animal products, coined by Donald Watson in 1944 (The Vegan Society, Leicester). Requires B12 supplementation; lower emissions and cancer risk, higher fracture risk than omnivorous diets.

Vegetable

Vegetable: culinary term for any edible plant part (leaves, roots, stems, bulbs) that is not a culinary fruit, nut, herb, spice, or grain; not a botanical category, unlike fruit.

Vegetable Products

Vegetable Products (MeSH D000067075, Polish Produkty warzywne) is a Medical Subject Heading for food manufactured from various parts of vegetables, established 2016 under the Vegetables descriptor, indexed with qualifiers such as analysis, economics, and microbiology.

Vegetarianism

Vegetarianism, the practice of abstaining from animal flesh (lacto-ovo, vegan, and related diets), rooted in Pythagoras and Indian ahimsa, organized from 1847, linked to lower heart disease risk but requiring B12, iron, and omega-3 attention.

Vegetarianism by country

Vegetarianism by country is the share of each country's population following a vegetarian diet, from a few percent in most of Europe to about 39% in India.

Veggie burger

Veggie burger: a meatless burger patty of vegetable proteins, grains, and vegetables. First commercialized as Gregory Sams's VegeBurger (1982) and Paul Wenner's Gardenburger (1981); higher fiber, lower saturated fat than beef.

Vein

Vein: blood vessel returning blood to the heart; pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood. Holds about 70-75% of blood volume, has one-way valves, thin three-layered walls, and was central to Harvey's 1628 circulation discovery.

Vein ablation

Vein ablation is a minimally invasive procedure that closes diseased, refluxing superficial veins, most often the saphenous veins, using laser or radiofrequency heat delivered through an ultrasound-guided catheter.

Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations

Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM, vein of Galen malformation) is a rare congenital cerebral arteriovenous fistula draining into a persistent embryonic median prosencephalic vein, presenting with neonatal heart failure or infant hydrocephalus and treated mainly by transarterial embolization.

Vein stripping

Vein stripping is a surgical operation that removes an incompetent superficial vein trunk, usually the great saphenous vein, to cure venous insufficiency and varicose veins.

Oct 20, 2026

Velaglucerase alfa

Velaglucerase alfa, sold as VPRIV, is a recombinant human glucocerebrosidase used as long-term enzyme replacement therapy for type 1 Gaucher disease, developed by Shire and approved in 2010.

Velaglucerase beta for injection

Velaglucerase beta for injection (Gaurunning, 戈芮宁, CAN103) is a CHO-K1-derived recombinant glucocerebrosidase ERT approved by China's NMPA in May 2025 for type I and III Gaucher disease, ages 12+, first domestic ERT.

Velamentous cord insertion

Velamentous cord insertion (VCI): umbilical cord attaches to fetal membranes rather than the placenta, leaving vessels unprotected by Wharton's jelly; affects about 1.4% of singletons, more in twins and IVF, and raises risks of stillbirth, preterm birth, and vasa previa.

Veliflapon

Veliflapon (BAY X 1005, DG-031) is an investigational quinoline-based FLAP (ALOX5AP) inhibitor developed by Bayer for asthma and repurposed by deCODE for cardiovascular prevention; phase 3 trial suspended, never approved.

Oct 20, 2026

Velimogene aliplasmid

Velimogene aliplasmid (Allovectin-7, VCL-1005) was Vical's intralesional plasmid-lipid gene therapy encoding HLA-B7 and beta-2 microglobulin for melanoma; phase 3 trials failed and the program was terminated in 2013.

Veliparib

Veliparib (ABT-888) is AbbVie's investigational oral PARP-1/2 inhibitor for BRCA-mutated and HR-deficient cancers; unlike approved PARP inhibitors it mainly blocks catalytic activity, shows negligible PARP trapping, and remains unapproved despite phase 3 VELIA and BROCADE3 trials.

Vellus hair

Vellus hair, or peach fuzz, is the fine, short, unpigmented, non-medullated body hair under 30 μm thick, distinct from terminal hair and lanugo; androgens drive its pubertal conversion and its miniaturization role in androgenetic alopecia.

Velpatasvir

Velpatasvir (GS-5816) is a pan-genotypic HCV NS5A inhibitor from Gilead, used in Epclusa (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) and Vosevi, with about 98% cure rates across HCV genotypes 1-6.

Vena caval thrombosis

Vena caval thrombosis (inferior vena cava thrombosis, ICD-11 BD71.1) is clot formation in the vena cava, caused by compression, hypercoagulability, congenital IVC anomalies, or unretrieved IVC filters; treated mainly with anticoagulation.

Veneer (dentistry)

Dental veneer (laminate veneer): thin tooth-colored covering bonded to a tooth's facial surface to fix discoloration, damage, or misalignment; enamel-bonded ceramic veneers show 99% survival, irreversible procedure costing $1,000–$2,000 per tooth.