727 articles
Beauveria
Beauveria is a genus of entomopathogenic fungi in Cordycipitaceae (Hypocreales); its type species Beauveria bassiana (basionym Botrytis bassiana, 1835) infects insects through the cuticle and is widely used as a mycoinsecticide for aphid, beetle, and lepidopteran pest control.
Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic soil fungus discovered by Agostino Bassi in 1835, infects over 700 insect species through the cuticle and is formulated worldwide as the mycoinsecticide active substance in strains such as GHA and 203.
Beauveria bassiana strain BB1
Beauveria bassiana strain BB1 is a strain of a fungus that kills insects, listed in EU pesticide statistics yet not approved as an EU active substance.
Biology and ecology of Thelephorales and Hymenochaetales
The biology and ecology of Thelephorales and Hymenochaetales covers two mushroom-forming fungal orders with opposite lifestyles: Thelephorales are mostly ectomycorrhizal tree root symbionts, while Hymenochaetales are mainly white-rot wood decayers.
Bipolaris
Bipolaris (Cochliobolus teleomorph) is a Pleosporaceae fungal genus of grass plant pathogens causing rice brown spot, southern corn leaf blight, and wheat spot blotch; main clinical species moved to Curvularia.
Black rot (grape disease)
Black rot, or grape black rot, is a fungal disease of grapevines caused by Guignardia bidwellii, native to North America and destructive in the eastern United States.
Blastocladiales
Blastocladiales is an order of zoosporic fungi in the phylum Blastocladiomycota, containing soil and freshwater saprotrophs, parasites of plants and invertebrates, and laboratory models such as Allomyces.
Blastocladiomycetes as research organisms
Blastocladiomycetes are zoosporic fungi of the phylum Blastocladiomycota whose saprotrophic genera Allomyces and Blastocladiella have long served as laboratory models in developmental biology and genetics.
Blastoconidium
Blastoconidium (plural blastoconidia), also called blastospore, is an asexual fungal conidium formed by blastic conidiogenesis, a blowing out or budding of part of the parent cell; typical of yeasts such as Candida and contrasted with thalloconidia.
Blastomyces
Blastomyces, genus of seven dimorphic soil fungi (Ajellomycetaceae) causing blastomycosis; principal species B. dermatitidis and B. gilchristii, endemic to North American river valleys, treated with itraconazole or amphotericin B.
Blue cheese
Blue cheese: mold-ripened cheese veined with Penicillium roqueforti, made from cow's, goat's, or ewe's milk; over 100 varieties including Roquefort and Gorgonzola, many EU-protected.
Bolbitiaceae
Bolbitiaceae (Singer, 1948) is a family of brown-spored basidiomycete fungi in Agaricales, with over 700 species including Bolbitius, Conocybe, and Pholiotina; synonym Galeropsidaceae.
Boletaceae
Boletaceae, the bolete family of order Boletales (Agaricomycetes), holds ~1,427 species in 95 genera of mostly ectomycorrhizal pore fungi including Boletus edulis, the porcini; reclassified into eight genome-based subfamilies in 2024.
Boletus
Boletus is a genus of pore-bearing, ectomycorrhizal mushrooms in Boletaceae, typified by the porcini Boletus edulis. Molecular phylogenetics has narrowed the genus to Boletus sensu stricto, moving most former species to other genera.
Boletus barrowsii
Boletus barrowsii, commonly called Barrow's bolete or the white king bolete, is a whitish, probably edible bolete fungus of western North America, closely related to porcini and described in 1976.
Boletus edulis
Boletus edulis (penny bun, cep, porcino, Steinpilz) is a prized wild ectomycorrhizal bolete mushroom; head of a ~25-species porcini complex, 20,000–100,000 tons eaten yearly, not farmed commercially.
Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinerea, also known as gray mold, is a necrotrophic fungus attacking more than 500 plant species; on grapes it can also cause noble rot for sweet wines.
Boxwood blight
Boxwood blight, or box blight, is a fungal disease of Buxus, Sarcococca, and Pachysandra caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata and C. henricotiae; first seen in England in 1994, in the US in 2011, now in 30 US states.
Brettanomyces
Brettanomyces (teleomorph Dekkera) is a yeast genus first isolated from English beer in 1904; B. bruxellensis spoils wine with volatile phenols but flavors lambic beer and kombucha.
Bromocriptine
Bromocriptine (Parlodel, Cycloset), a semisynthetic 2-bromo ergot alkaloid dopamine D2 agonist developed at Sandoz, treats hyperprolactinemia, prolactinomas, acromegaly, Parkinson's disease, and type 2 diabetes; US approval 1978, WHO EML alternative to cabergoline.
Bruce Fink
Bruce Fink (1861–1927), American lichenologist and first professor of botany at Miami University; author of The Lichen Flora of the United States (1935, posthumous) and advocate of classifying lichens among the fungi.
Button mushroom industry
The button mushroom industry is the commercial food chain around Agaricus bisporus, grown indoors on composted straw and manure, with over 90% of US, Polish, and Dutch mushroom production.
Cabergoline
Cabergoline (Dostinex) is a long-acting ergoline dopamine D2 agonist used twice weekly for hyperprolactinemia and prolactinoma, first-line over bromocriptine; high Parkinson's doses risk cardiac valve fibrosis.
Calcarisporiellomycotina
Calcarisporiellomycotina is a fungal subphylum in the phylum Calcarisporiellomycota, sister to Mucoromycota, with genera Calcarisporiella and Echinochlamydosporium, two described species, and the thermophile Calcarisporiella thermophila.
Calonectria
Calonectria is a genus of plant-pathogenic ascomycete fungi in the family Nectriaceae, found mostly in tropical regions and best known for Calonectria leaf blight, a major disease of Eucalyptus plantations.
Calvatia gigantea
Calvatia gigantea, the giant puffball (Riesenbovist, vesse de loup géante), is a large stemless Lycoperdaceae puffball fungus, up to 65 cm, smooth white skin, edible when gleba is white, basionym Lycoperdon giganteum Batsch 1783.
Candida (fungus)
Candida (fungus): yeast genus named by Berkhout in 1923 (Latin candidus, glowing white); commensal on human skin and mucosa; causes candidiasis, candidemia; C. albicans dominant; biofilms drive antifungal resistance; C. auris now Candidozyma auris.
Candida (genus)
Candida is a genus of budding yeasts named by Berkhout in 1923, once holding over 400 species and now narrowed to Candida albicans and its closest relatives.
Candida albicans
Candida albicans, a diploid ascomycetous yeast and WHO critical-priority fungal pathogen, is a human commensal that turns opportunistic, causing thrush, vaginal candidiasis, and candidemia via hyphal invasion and drug-resistant biofilms.
Candida auris
Candida auris (Candidozyma auris) is a multidrug-resistant yeast first identified in Japan in 2009 that causes invasive infections, spreads in healthcare settings, and is a WHO critical-priority fungal pathogen with rising US case counts.