362 articles
Citrus × sinensis
Citrus × sinensis, the sweet orange, is a hybrid Rutaceae fruit tree from southern China, a sour orange × Ponkan mandarin cross, with common, navel, Valencia, and blood cultivar groups.
Citrus australasica
Citrus australasica, the Australian finger lime or caviar lime (formerly Microcitrus australasica), is a thorny Australian rainforest citrus whose finger-shaped fruits contain caviar-like juice vesicles; rich in vitamin C and phenolics, and reported tolerant to citrus greening.
Citrus limetta
Citrus limetta (limetta, sweet lime, sweet lemon) is a Mediterranean citron × sour orange citrus hybrid, now Citrus × limon var. limetta, with acid Marrakech limetta and acidless sweet forms, cultivated mainly in Morocco and Murcia, Spain.
Citrus taxonomy
Citrus taxonomy classifies the genus Citrus, contested between Swingle's 16-species system and Tanaka's up to 162; cultivated citrus are hybrids of four ancestral taxa (mandarin, pummelo, citron, micrantha), clarified by genomics.
Clematis
Clematis, a Ranunculaceae genus of over 300 climbing and herbaceous species, is grown for year-round flowers and managed by three pruning groups based on flowering time; deep planting guards against clematis wilt.
Clementine
Clementine (Citrus clementina), a small seedless mandarin hybrid from Misserghin near Oran, Algeria, found by Father Clément Rodier and described by Trabut in 1902; mandarin x sweet orange, propagated by grafting, Mediterranean staple.
Collard (plant)
Collard (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), a non-heading leafy cabbage grown for large edible leaves; cold-hardiest cabbage-family crop, Southern US soul food staple, 30.66 kcal and 3.39 g fiber per 100 g raw.
Concord grape
Concord grape: American Vitis labrusca-dominant juice grape cultivar developed in 1849 in Massachusetts; known for foxy methyl anthranilate aroma, cold hardiness to about −23 to −29 °C, and 80% of New York grape production.
Conifer cultivars of the Pinaceae
Conifer cultivars of the Pinaceae are garden variants of pines, spruces, firs, and larches, propagated asexually so their traits hold, arising from seedling selections and witch's brooms.
Cooking banana
Cooking banana, or plantain and related starchy Musa cultivars (AAB, ABB, East African AAA), is a banana eaten cooked rather than raw, a staple carbohydrate across the tropics with fufu, steamed matoke, and fried preparations.
Cornus kousa
Cornus kousa, Kousa or Chinese dogwood, an Asian small tree grown for late white bracts and red fruit; disease-resistant alternative to Cornus florida, parent of Rutgers hybrids.
Cosmic Crisp
Cosmic Crisp, also known as WA 38, is a large, dark-red apple cultivar bred by Washington State University from a 1997 Enterprise-Honeycrisp cross and launched commercially in December 2019.
Cotton Candy grapes
Cotton Candy grapes (IFG Seven) are a patented seedless table grape bred by David Cain at International Fruit Genetics from a University of Arkansas Concord selection, with 19 g sugar per 100 g and licensed only to commercial growers.
Cox's Orange Pippin
Cox's Orange Pippin, also called Cox Orange, is an English dessert apple cultivar raised about 1825 by Richard Cox at Colnbrook, Buckinghamshire, from Ribston Pippin seed; rich aromatic flavor, pollination group 3, parent of many cultivars.
Cripps Pink
Cripps Pink, sold as Pink Lady® when it meets brand standards, is a 1973 Australian apple cultivar by John Cripps from Golden Delicious × Lady Williams: firm, high-acid, late-season, trademarked in 80+ countries.
Crocus vernus
Crocus vernus, the Dutch or spring crocus, is a dwarf perennial iris-family plant native to the Alps and western Balkans, with purple, white, or striped early-spring flowers.
Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables, also called Brassica vegetables, include broccoli, cabbage, kale, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, and turnips; they contain glucosinolates converted by myrosinase into isothiocyanates such as sulforaphane.
Cucumber
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), a Cucurbitaceae vine crop from India with wild progenitor var. hardwickii; grown as slicing, pickling, and parthenocarpic greenhouse types, harvested immature and eaten fresh or pickled.
Cucumis melo
Cucumis melo, the melon species including muskmelon, cantaloupe, honeydew, and snake melon, is a diploid Cucurbitaceae vine domesticated independently in Asia and Africa, with remains from 3700–3500 BC Egypt and 3000 BC China.
Cucurbita
Cucurbita, the squash and pumpkin genus of the gourd family, native to the Americas with five domesticated species (pepo, maxima, moschata, argyrosperma, ficifolia), domesticated from about 10,000 years ago.
Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo, the species covering zucchini, pumpkins, acorn and crookneck squash, and ornamental gourds; three subspecies, 10 cultivar-groups, domesticated twice in North America, most economically important Cucurbita.
Cultivar
Cultivar: an assemblage of cultivated plants selected for distinct, uniform, stable characters that persist when propagated, named under the ICNCP and protectable via plant patents, PVP certificates, or plant breeders' rights.
Dahlia
Dahlia (Nahuatl: acocoxochitl, "water pipe flower") is a genus of about 42 tuberous perennials native to Mexico and Central America and grown worldwide for its showy summer and autumn blooms.
Daikon
Daikon (大根), Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus, the large white Japanese radish; originated Mediterranean–Central Asia, reached Japan 8th century; aokubi type over 90% of Japanese sales; matures in 50–60 days.
Damson
The damson, also called the Damascene plum (Prunus domestica subsp. insititia), is a small tart blue plum grown chiefly for jam and preserving, especially in Britain.
Daye Mubiezi
大叶木鳖子 (Momordica macrophylla Gage) is a large-leaved Cucurbitaceae climber from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, with medicinal seeds and tuberous roots; now a synonym of gac fruit, Momordica cochinchinensis.
Deglet Nour
Deglet Nour (Deglet Noor), the 'queen of dates', is a semi-dry Algerian date palm cultivar from Tolga, dominant in Tunisia and Algeria, translucent, sweet, and one of the world's two most-traded dates.
Delicata squash
Delicata squash (sweet potato squash), a Cucurbita pepo winter squash introduced in 1894 by Peter Henderson & Co., with cream-and-green striped fruit, edible skin, and sweet flesh; revived by Cornell's 2002 AAS-winning Bush Delicata.
Dianthus barbatus
Dianthus barbatus, Sweet William, is a Caryophyllaceae biennial/short-lived perennial native from European mountains to N. Korea, grown for fragrant clustered flowers; parent of Fairchild's 1717 first artificial plant hybrid.
Dioscorea alata
Dioscorea alata, greater yam, water yam, purple yam, or ube, is a wing-stemmed climbing yam from tropical Asia and Melanesia, cultivated for starchy tubers and domesticated independently in Asia and the Pacific.