593 articles
Phlomis
Phlomis (Jerusalem sage) is a Lamiaceae genus of about 91-100 perennial herbs and shrubs native from the Mediterranean to Central Asia, now separated from Phlomoides, used as herbal tea and in traditional medicine.
Phlox
Phlox, a genus of about 69 species in Polemoniaceae (Ericales), native from Siberia and Mongolia across North America to northern Mexico; includes garden phlox, moss phlox, and annual phlox.
Physalis peruviana
Physalis peruviana, the Cape gooseberry or goldenberry (uchuva, aguaymanto), is a Solanaceae herb of Andean South America grown for yellow berries in papery husks; Colombia produces about 90% of world output.
Pieris
Pieris names two genera: Pieris D.Don (1834), about nine Ericaceae shrub species from Himalaya to East Asia and eastern North America, and Pieris Schrank, 1801, the Pieridae white butterflies including Pieris napi.
Pinguicula
Pinguicula, butterworts, a genus of about 130 carnivorous herbs in Lentibulariaceae with sticky flypaper leaves; Northern Hemisphere distribution, centers in Mexico/Caribbean and Europe, first carnivorous genus with CAM photosynthesis.
Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family (Lamiales), about 2,100 species in ~106 genera worldwide; expanded from polyphyletic Scrophulariaceae, 12 tribes, includes Plantago, Antirrhinum, Digitalis, Penstemon, Veronica.
Plantago coronopus
Plantago coronopus, buck's-horn plantain, is a salt-tolerant Plantaginaceae herb native from Europe to Central Asia, with lobed rosette leaves eaten in salads, four subspecies, and introduced invasive populations in Korea, Australia, and the Americas.
Plantago lanceolata
Plantago lanceolata, ribwort plantain or narrowleaf plantain, a perennial Plantaginaceae herb native to temperate Eurasia and Macaronesia, naturalized worldwide; used as forage, food, and an EMA-listed traditional demulcent cough remedy.
Plantago major
Plantago major (broadleaf plantain, great plantain, white-man's-foot) is a Plantaginaceae herb native to temperate Eurasia and Africa, introduced worldwide, a lawn weed of compacted soil and an ancient wound-healing medicinal herb; distinct from psyllium (P. ovata).
Platycodon grandiflorus
Platycodon grandiflorus, balloon flower (jiegeng, doraji, kikyo), sole species of its genus in Campanulaceae; East Asian perennial whose saponin-rich root is a traditional cough remedy, vegetable, and pharmacopoeial medicine.
Plectranthus
Plectranthus L'Hér., a mint-family (Lamiaceae) genus described in 1788, formerly held about 450 Old World tropical species; molecular phylogenetics split it in 2019, moving most species to Coleus and Equilabium, leaving 72 in Plectranthus sensu stricto.
Plumeria
Plumeria, commonly known as frangipani or dok champa, is a genus of about 11 species of shrubs and small trees native to tropical America, grown for its fragrant, waxy flowers.
Plumeria rubra
Plumeria rubra, frangipani or temple tree (Apocynaceae), a deciduous tree native from Mexico to Venezuela, widely cultivated in the tropics for fragrant white, pink, yellow, or red flowers; IUCN least concern, medicinally used, low weed risk.
Pogostemon
Pogostemon, also called pogostemon or patchouli genus, is a Lamiaceae genus of about 80-95 herb and shrub species with disjunct African-Asian distribution; P. cablin yields patchouli essential oil, about 1,300 tonnes yearly.
Polemoniaceae
Polemoniaceae, the phlox family, is an Ericales family of about 27 genera and 400 species of herbs and shrubs with 5-merous fused-petal flowers, centered in western North America; ornamentals include Phlox, Cobaea, Gilia, and Polemonium.
Polemonium caeruleum
Polemonium caeruleum, Jacob's-ladder or Greek valerian, is a perennial Polemoniaceae herb native from Europe to Japan and the Himalaya, with blue flowers, insect pollination, and five accepted subspecies.
Potato
Potato (Solanum tuberosum, papa): Andean nightshade tuber domesticated near Lake Titicaca 10,000–7,000 years ago, the world's fourth most important food crop, spread to Europe in the 1570s and a staple by 1800.
Pouteria
Pouteria Aubl. is a genus of about 171 accepted Sapotaceae trees and shrubs, type P. guianensis, native to the tropics and subtropics and centered in the Neotropics, with edible fruits such as abiu and canistel.
Premna
Premna L. (also Premna integrifolia, agnimantha) is a genus of about 130 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in Lamiaceae, subfamily Premnoideae, native to the Old World tropics and used in traditional medicine.
Primula auricula
Primula auricula, commonly called auricula, bear's ear, or mountain cowslip, is a perennial primrose native to the Alps and other mountains of central and southern Europe, and a prized garden plant since the sixteenth century.
Primula elatior
Primula elatior (L.) Hill, the oxlip or true oxlip, is a distylous perennial woodland herb of Europe to Siberia, confined in Britain to East Anglian boulder-clay woods, hybridizing with P. vulgaris (P. × digenea) and P. veris (P. × media).
Primula meadia
Primula meadia (eastern shooting star, formerly Dodecatheon meadia) is a North American spring wildflower of prairies and open woods, moved into Primula in 2007, with buzz-pollinated nodding flowers and a G5 but edge-imperiled conservation profile.
Primula veris
Primula veris, the cowslip, is a yellow-flowered European perennial primrose with distylous pin and thrum flowers studied by Darwin, and flowers approved as a traditional EU expectorant for colds.
Primula vulgaris
Primula vulgaris (primrose), Primulaceae perennial herb native from Europe to W. Caucasus and Lebanon; pale-yellow winter-to-spring flowers, pin/thrum heterostyly controlled by an S-locus supergene, ant-dispersed seeds, not threatened in Britain but Vulnerable in Germany.
Primulaceae
Primulaceae, the primrose or myrsine family, is a eudicot family in Ericales. Formerly about 20 temperate herbaceous genera, it now includes Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, and Maesaceae, with roughly 60-64 genera and 2,700 species in four subfamilies.
Privet
Privet (Ligustrum), a genus of about 40 Oleaceae shrubs and small trees from Eurasia to Queensland, long used for clipped hedges; several species, notably Chinese privet (L. sinense), are major invasive weeds with toxic fruit.
Privet as an invasive plant
Privet (Ligustrum spp.), including Chinese privet (L. sinense), is invasive hedge shrubs forming dense thickets that displace native forest understory; bird-dispersed seed, root-crown sprouting, herbicide cut-stump control, no biocontrol.
Prunella vulgaris
Prunella vulgaris (self-heal, heal-all, Xiakucao 夏枯草), a perennial Lamiaceae herb native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere and Central America, used in Chinese medicine as the dried fruit spike and in pollinator-friendly lawns.
Psychotria viridis
Psychotria viridis (chacruna), a Rubiaceae shrub from Mexico to tropical South America, is the DMT-containing leaf ingredient of ayahuasca, containing 1–1.6 mg DMT per gram of dry leaf; often confused with the alkaloid-free P. carthagenensis.
Psyllium
Psyllium, also known as isabgol or ispaghula, is the gel-forming husk fiber of the plant Plantago ovata, used as a bulk laxative and to lower cholesterol.