3,306 articles
Feijoa sellowiana
Feijoa sellowiana, also called pineapple guava or Acca sellowiana, is a South American evergreen shrub grown for its sweet, pineapple-flavored green fruit, developed as a crop mainly in New Zealand.
Fennel
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare, fennel seeds, Florence fennel) is an Apiaceae herb native to the Mediterranean to W. Nepal, grown for aniseed-flavored bulb, leaves, and fruits; estragole content limits its oil, and it is invasive in California.
Fenugreek
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), annual Fabaceae herb from the Mediterranean and western Asia, grown for bitter maple-scented seeds and kasuri methi leaves; India leads production; studied for blood sugar effects.
Ferocactus
Ferocactus (barrel cactus), genus of ribbed barrel-shaped cacti in Cactaceae established by Britton & Rose in 1922; 28 species native to the southwestern and south-central United States and Mexico, CITES Appendix II.
Ferruginol
Ferruginol is a phenolic abietane diterpenoid with formula C20H30O, first isolated in 1939 from miro resin, characteristic of cypress-family heartwood and studied for antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities.
Ferula
Ferula, giant fennels, Apiaceae genus of about 230 species from Macaronesia to the Himalaya; source of asafoetida (F. assa-foetida), galbanum (F. gummosa), and the putative silphium F. drudeana.
Ferula gummosa
Ferula gummosa (galbanum; Persian Barijeh) is a monocarpic perennial Apiaceae herb native to northern and central Iran and possibly Turkmenistan, the main source of the oleo-gum-resin galbanum used in perfumery, flavoring, and traditional medicine.
Festuca
Festuca (fescue) is a large genus of temperate Poaceae grasses with 621 accepted species, including turf fine fescues (Festuca rubra, F. ovina, F. brevipila) and forage tall fescue; molecular studies show it is paraphyletic with Lolium and Vulpia nested within.
Festuca arundinacea
Festuca arundinacea, tall fescue, also Schedonorus arundinaceus or Lolium arundinaceum, is a tufted perennial European grass grown worldwide for forage and turf, hosting the Epichloë coenophialum endophyte.
Festuca ovina
Festuca ovina, sheep fescue (sheep's fescue), a tufted Eurasian cool-season fine fescue grass used for low-input turf and erosion control; tetraploid (2n=28), drought-tolerant, poor forage for cattle.
Festuca pratensis
Festuca pratensis, meadow fescue (Lolium pratense, Schedonorus pratensis), a European perennial forage grass of Poaceae; tufted, 30-120 cm culms, mid-early flowering, palatable non-toxic-endophyte forage and Festulolium hybrid parent.
Festuca rubra
Festuca rubra, red fescue or creeping red fescue, is a perennial cool-season grass (Poaceae) native from subarctic and temperate Northern Hemisphere to Mexico, used for turf, forage, and erosion control, with many subspecies.
Ficus
Ficus (figs), genus Tourn. ex L. in Moraceae, pantropical trees and hemi-epiphytes with syconium inflorescences pollinated by specific Agaonidae wasps; 892 accepted species per Kew POWO; includes edible Ficus carica and strangler figs.
Ficus benghalensis
Ficus benghalensis, the banyan or Indian banyan (national tree of India), is a huge evergreen fig of the Indian subcontinent whose aerial roots become secondary trunks; it starts as a strangler epiphyte and is pollinated by species-specific fig wasps.
Ficus benjamina
Ficus benjamina, the weeping fig (垂叶榕), is an evergreen Moraceae tree native to tropical and subtropical Asia and northern Australia, widely grown indoors and outdoors; known for leaf drop, irritant sap, and Least Concern status.
Ficus elastica
Ficus elastica (rubber plant, India rubber fig), a Moraceae tree native from Nepal to western Malesia; once a rubber source, now a common houseplant, IUCN Least Concern, 2n=26.
Ficus lyrata
Ficus lyrata (fiddle-leaf fig, banjo fig) is a hemiepiphytic Moraceae tree native to west and west-central tropical Africa, a Least Concern species grown as a large-leaved landscape tree and popular but fussy houseplant.
Ficus microcarpa
Ficus microcarpa (Chinese banyan, Indian laurel) is a hemiepiphytic fig tree native from tropical Asia to the western Pacific, pollinated by the wasp Parapristina verticillata, widely planted as an ornamental and bonsai, and a Category I invasive in Florida after its pollinator was introduced.
Ficus racemosa
Ficus racemosa, commonly called the cluster fig or gular, is a large fig tree native from Pakistan to northern Australia and pollinated by the fig wasp Ceratosolen fusciceps.
Ficus religiosa
Ficus religiosa, the sacred fig or aśvattha (peepal, bodhi tree), is a Moraceae strangler fig up to 30 m native to India to southern China, pollinated by Platyscapa quadraticeps, sacred in Hinduism and Buddhism, with the 288 BC Sri Maha Bodhi as the oldest dated plant.
Ficus sycomorus
Ficus sycomorus (sycamore fig, Egyptian sycamore), Moraceae, a large African riverine fig tree pollinated by Ceratosolen arabicus; seedless and human-propagated in Egypt and the Middle East; sacred in ancient Egypt; IUCN Least Concern.
Fig
Fig (Ficus carica), the common fig of the mulberry family, an edible syconium fruit. Four types (Caprifig, Smyrna, San Pedro, Common); common types are parthenocarpic, needing no fig wasp pollination; Turkey leads production.
Filipendula
Filipendula (meadowsweet, dropwort), a Rosaceae genus of about 10–15 perennial herbs of the temperate Northern Hemisphere; basal genus of Rosoideae, diverging about 82.88 Ma; includes medicinal F. ulmaria.
Fimbristylis
Fimbristylis (fringe rush, fimbry) is a conserved genus of about 313 sedge species in Cyperaceae, tribe Abildgaardieae, established by Vahl in 1805; cosmopolitan, C4, with deciduous fringed styles and weaving species such as F. umbellaris.
Finger millet
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana, ragi) is a nutritious African-domesticated annual cereal rich in calcium, iron, and methionine, grown in arid Africa and Asia, tolerant of drought and poor soils, and limited by tannins, phytate, and blast disease.
Fir
Fir (Abies, silver firs) is a genus of about 58–60 evergreen conifer species of the Northern Hemisphere, with flat needles and erect cones that disintegrate on the tree; includes threatened species like Abies nebrodensis and excludes Douglas fir.
Fittonia albivenis
Fittonia albivenis, the nerve plant or mosaic plant (syn. Fittonia verschaffeltii), is a South American rainforest Acanthaceae herb grown as a pet-safe houseplant with white, pink, or red leaf veins.
Fitzroya
Fitzroya (alerce, lahuán, Fitzroya cupressoides) is a monotypic Patagonian cypress genus of Chile and Argentina; an Endangered, CITES-listed conifer living over 3,600 years, reaching 4–5 m diameter, with only 15% of original forest remaining.
Flammekueche
Flammekueche (tarte flambée, Flammkuchen) is an Alsatian thin bread-dough tart with crème fraîche, onions, and lardons, baked about 3 minutes in a wood-fired oven; it originated in the Kochersberg as an oven-heat test.
Flapjack (oat bar)
Flapjack (oat bar), also called oat bar, cereal bar, or oat slice, is a British baked bar of rolled oats, butter, brown sugar, and golden syrup, set by cooling syrup, distinct from the North American pancake sense of flapjack.