3,306 articles
Aizoon
Aizoon is a genus of succulent herbs and shrublets in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae, established by Linnaeus in 1753 and native from Macaronesia to Pakistan and Eritrea to South Africa.
Ajuga
Ajuga, commonly known as bugleweed or carpet bugle, is a genus of about 69 species of flowering plants in the mint family, native across Eurasia and known for the ground cover Ajuga reptans.
Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans (bugle, bugleweed, carpet bugleweed), Lamiaceae perennial herb native to Europe to N. Iran and NW Africa, spread by stolons; shade ground cover, invasive-risk listed in Florida, studied for hepatoprotective and hemostatic extracts.
Ajwain (अजवाइन)
Ajwain (अजवाइन), carom seed or bishop's weed, is the spice from Trachyspermum ammi, an Apiaceae annual native from Iraq to Central Asia. India is the largest producer; its thymol-rich essential oil (35–60% thymol) gives a thyme-like flavor and digestive, antimicrobial uses.
Alamania spp.
Alamania (spp.) is a monotypic Mexican orchid genus (Orchidaceae, Laeliinae) with the single species Alamania punicea, described in 1825 and named for Lucas Alamán; it grows as a creeping epiphyte in high oak-pine forests.
Albizia
Albizia is a genus of woody trees and shrubs in the legume family Fabaceae, published in 1772 and best known for the silktree, Albizia julibrissin.
Albizia julibrissin
Albizia julibrissin, silktree or mimosa (Persian silk tree), a Fabaceae tree native from Iran to Japan, grown as an ornamental since the 18th century and now a Category I invasive in Florida and much of the southeastern US.
Albizia lebbeck
Albizia lebbeck, the woman's tongue tree or siris (Mimosa lebbeck L.), a Fabaceae tree native from the Indian subcontinent to Myanmar, grown for fodder, timber, and shade, invasive in Florida and elsewhere.
Alcea
Alcea (hollyhocks) is a genus of about 83 accepted species of Malvaceae herbs native from East Central Europe to Central Asia; Alcea rosea, the hollyhock, is a cultigen from Türkiye grown as an ornamental and used in traditional medicine.
Alchemilla
Alchemilla (lady's mantle), Rosaceae genus of perennial herbs with palmately lobed leaves and greenish flowers; apomictic microspecies; used traditionally for gynecological and digestive complaints.
Alchornea
Alchornea Sw. is a genus of about 51 accepted species of dioecious Euphorbiaceae shrubs and small trees native to the tropics and subtropics, used in traditional medicine; A. cordifolia, A. floribunda, and A. laxiflora are the most studied medicinal species.
Aldama
Aldama La Llave is a genus of about 115–120 species of Asteraceae (Heliantheae, Helianthinae) shrubs and herbs native to tropical and subtropical America, centered in Mexico, segregated from Viguiera in 2011.
Alder
Alder (Alnus), a genus of about 40 birch-family trees and shrubs of the temperate Northern Hemisphere to the Andes, identified by stalked buds and persistent cones, and fixing nitrogen through Frankia root nodules.
Aldrovanda vesiculosa
Aldrovanda vesiculosa, the waterwheel plant, is the sole living species of its carnivorous plant genus, a rootless aquatic snap-trap plant native from Europe to Australia, IUCN Endangered with only 50 confirmed extant sites after decline from 379 historical populations, and extinct in the wild in Japan since 1967.
Alerce Costero National Park
Alerce Costero National Park (Parque Nacional Alerce Costero), a Chilean national park in Los Ríos Region created in 2010 on the Cordillera Pelada, protects ancient Fitzroya cupressoides (alerce) forests, including the over-5,000-year-old Abuelo Alerce Milenario, with high endemism and 4x4-only access.
Alerce Milenario
Alerce Milenario, or Gran Abuelo, is an ancient Patagonian cypress (Fitzroya cupressoides) in Alerce Costero National Park, Chile, estimated at up to 5,484 years old, possibly older than California's Methuselah, though unverified by complete ring counting.
Aleurites
Aleurites is a two-species Euphorbiaceae tree genus of tropical Asia to the western Pacific, best known as the candlenut, Aleurites moluccanus, an oilseed and traditional-use tree with toxic raw seeds; tung oil trees formerly placed here now belong to Vernicia.
Aleurites moluccanus
Aleurites moluccanus, the candlenut tree (kukui, kemiri, 石栗), is an Euphorbiaceae tree native from tropical Asia to the western Pacific, grown for oil-rich seeds used as food, medicine, candles, and biodiesel; invasive in Pacific islands.
Alexis (malting barley)
Alexis is a German spring malting barley variety bred by Saatzucht Josef Breun (Trumpf × Br. 1622, 1975), protected 1986, Europe's standard brewing barley until 2005, later a conservation variety and craft malt.
Alhagi
Alhagi (camelthorn genus) is a genus of four spiny Fabaceae shrubs native from Chad and the E. Mediterranean to the Himalaya; A. maurorum is a noxious weed and medicinal plant, A. sparsifolia a Taklimakan desert phreatophyte.
Alisma
Alisma, commonly known as water plantains, is a genus of ten species of aquatic and wetland herbs in the family Alismataceae, named by Linnaeus in 1753.
Alismataceae
Alismataceae, the water-plantain family (Vent., 1799, nom. cons.), is a family of aquatic or semi-aquatic monocot herbs with worldwide distribution; type genus Alisma, about 12-18 genera including Sagittaria and Echinodorus, former Limnocharitaceae included.
Alismatales
Alismatales (R.Br. ex Bercht. & J.Presl, 1820) is an early-diverging monocot order of 14 families, the largest clade of aquatic angiosperms and the only one containing all marine seagrasses, diverging ca 131 Ma.
Alliaria petiolata
Alliaria petiolata, known as garlic mustard, is a biennial mustard herb native to Europe that has become invasive in North American forests since the 1860s.
Allium
Allium is a large genus of Amaryllidaceae bulb plants including onion, garlic, leek, and chives; about 1140 species native to the Northern Hemisphere and southern Africa, with three major evolutionary lineages.
Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum (wild leek, elephant garlic, great-headed garlic) is a Mediterranean-to-Central-Asian Amaryllidaceae species whose cultivated groups include leek, kurrat, pearl onion, and elephant garlic; IUCN Least Concern.
Allium fistulosum
Allium fistulosum, the Welsh onion or Japanese bunching onion, is a bulbless perennial onion with hollow leaves, domesticated from A. altaicum in Siberia and China, and cultivated mainly in East Asia.
Allium moly
Allium moly (lily leek, yellow garlic, golden garlic) is a yellow-flowered bulbous Amaryllidaceae geophyte native to eastern Spain, Italy, and northwest Africa, placed in Allium subgenus Amerallium section Molium, IUCN Least Concern, grown as an ornamental.
Allium nigrum
Allium nigrum, black garlic or broad-leaved garlic (Allium multibulbosum synonym), a Mediterranean bulbous allium with odorless white green-centered flowers, grown as an ornamental and used as a food spice in Sicily.
Allium of western North America
The Allium species of western North America are wild native onions, with 60 of North America's 84 native species growing in Washington, Oregon, and California.