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Pinus
Pinus (pines) is the largest genus of Pinaceae, about 128 Northern Hemisphere conifer species with needle fascicles, split into hard-pine subgenus Pinus and soft-pine subgenus Strobus, origin ~128-150 Ma.
Pinus × sondereggeri
Pinus × sondereggeri, known as Sonderegger pine, is the naturally occurring hybrid of longleaf pine and loblolly pine, occurring where their ranges overlap in Louisiana and Texas.
Pinus albicaulis
Pinus albicaulis, whitebark pine, is a five-needled stone pine of high-elevation western North America, dependent on Clark's Nutcracker for seed dispersal, threatened by blister rust, mountain pine beetle, fire exclusion, and climate change, and listed as threatened (US ESA) and Endangered (Canada SARA).
Pinus aristata
Pinus aristata, Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Colorado bristlecone pine), a five-needled pine of Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico high elevations, distinguished by white needle resin flecks, living over 2,500 years, with climate space projected to shrink 74% by 2090.
Pinus banksiana
Pinus banksiana, the jack pine (French: Pin gris), is a small to medium pine of Canada and the northern United States, growing farther north than any other American pine.
Pinus brutia
Pinus brutia (Turkish, Calabrian, or Brutia pine), eastern Mediterranean conifer from the Balkans to Iran; 3.8 million ha in Türkiye; sessile cones, serotinous fire adaptation, timber, resin, and pine honey uses.
Pinus cembra
Pinus cembra (Swiss stone pine, arolla pine, Arve, Zirbelkiefer) is an alpine Pinaceae tree of the Alps and Carpathians at 1,500–2,400 m, often forming the tree line, whose wingless seeds are dispersed almost solely by the spotted nutcracker.
Pinus contorta
Pinus contorta, commonly known as lodgepole pine, is a pine tree native to western North America, with one of the region's broadest ranges, from Alaska to northern Baja California and east to South Dakota.
Pinus densiflora
Pinus densiflora, Japanese red pine (aka-matsu) or Korean red pine (sonamu), is a two-needled East Asian pine, pioneer species, 26% of Korean forests, succeeding to Quercus oak forests.
Pinus echinata
Pinus echinata, shortleaf pine, also called southern yellow or old field pine, is a native southeastern US conifer with the widest range of any pine there, valued for timber and adapted to fire by basal sprouting, declining under fire exclusion.
Pinus edulis
Pinus edulis, the twoneedle or Colorado pinyon, is a small drought-hardy pine of the southwestern United States, two needles per fascicle, wingless edible seeds, dominant in pinyon-juniper woodland.
Pinus elliottii
Pinus elliottii, slash pine (also swamp pine, yellow slash pine), is a fast-growing hard yellow pine of the southeastern US Coastal Plain with varieties elliottii and densa, widely planted worldwide for timber, pulp, and naval stores.
Pinus gerardiana
Pinus gerardiana (chilgoza pine, Jalghoza) is a Near Threatened Himalayan pine of Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Tibet, grown for large edible wingless seeds selling at USD 20–100/kg, with natural regeneration in only ~5% of its range.
Pinus glabra
Pinus glabra (spruce pine, cedar pine, Walter pine) is a shade-tolerant medium pine of the southeastern US Coastal Plain, native from South Carolina to Louisiana, with smooth gray bark, two-needle fascicles, small cones, and brittle wood of limited commercial value.
Pinus halepensis
Pinus halepensis, Aleppo pine or Jerusalem pine, a drought- and fire-adapted Mediterranean pine covering about 6.8 million ha, with serotinous cones, resin used for Retsina wine, native from Spain to Lebanon.
Pinus hartwegii
Pinus hartwegii (Hartweg's pine, ocote, pino de las alturas) is a high-elevation Mexican and Central American pine forming monotypic forests to 4,389 m, fire-adapted, IUCN Least Concern, with habitat predicted to shrink up to 70% by 2070.
Pinus jeffreyi
Pinus jeffreyi, Jeffrey pine, is a large California-centered conifer of dry, infertile montane sites, named for John Jeffrey, with heptane-rich resin and high fire resistance as an adult.
Pinus koraiensis
Pinus koraiensis, Korean pine (channamu, 잣나무), a large East Asian white pine native to the Russian Far East, Northeast China, Korea, and Japan, grown for soft timber and edible pine nuts; IUCN Least Concern but decreasing.
Pinus longaeva
Pinus longaeva, the Great Basin bristlecone pine, is a conifer of California, Nevada, and Utah high mountains, home of Methuselah (4,765 years old), the oldest non-clonal living tree, and a key radiocarbon-calibration species.
Pinus massoniana
Pinus massoniana (马尾松), Masson's pine or Chinese red pine, is a Pinaceae conifer native to central and southern China and Taiwan, reaching 45 m; China's major timber and resin pine, threatened by pine wilt disease.
Pinus merkusii
Pinus merkusii (Sumatran pine, Merkus pine, Mindoro pine), a tropical Pinaceae pine native to northern Sumatra and Luzon and Mindoro; the only pine naturally crossing the equator, IUCN Vulnerable, resin-tapped in Indonesian plantations.
Pinus monticola
Pinus monticola, western white pine (mountain white pine, Idaho white pine, silver pine), a large five-needle timber pine of western North America, devastated by introduced white pine blister rust and now restored through resistant breeding programs.
Pinus nigra
Pinus nigra (European black pine, Austrian pine, Corsican pine) is a Mediterranean to Caucasus pine with five generally accepted subspecies, IUCN Least Concern status, heavy use in forestry, and low post-fire resilience.
Pinus oocarpa
Pinus oocarpa (ocote pine, pino ocote, egg-cone pine) is a pine native from Mexico to Nicaragua, dominant in Central American pine forests, valued for timber, pulp, and resin, with high resistance to pitch canker.
Pinus palustris
Pinus palustris, longleaf pine or southern pine, is a fire-adapted evergreen conifer of the southeastern US coastal plain, with a grass-stage seedling, needles in threes, and the largest cones of any eastern North American pine; its ecosystem has fallen about 97 percent since settlement.
Pinus patula
Pinus patula, Mexican weeping pine (pino colorado), is a fast-growing Mexican pine, the leading plantation softwood in South Africa (333,566 ha) and widely used for pulp and timber across tropical Africa and the Andes.
Pinus pinaster
Pinus pinaster, maritime pine (pino marítimo, pino negral), a western-central Mediterranean pine of family Pinaceae; thick-barked, serotinous-coned fire-adapted timber and resin tree; IUCN Least Concern; invasive where planted, e.g. southwest Australia.
Pinus ponderosa
Pinus ponderosa, ponderosa pine or western yellow pine, is a widespread, drought- and fire-tolerant timber pine of western North America, from British Columbia to Mexico, with thick bark, 300-600 year lifespans, and five recognized subspecies.
Pinus radiata
Pinus radiata (radiata pine, Monterey pine), a coastal California and Baja California island conifer, is the world's most widely planted softwood plantation tree, dominating New Zealand, Chile, and Australian forestry with 25-35 year rotations.
Pinus resinosa
Pinus resinosa, red pine or Norway pine, a fire-dependent conifer of the Great Lakes and St Lawrence region; 200-400 year lifespan, two needles per fascicle, regeneration from seed after fire, widely planted in the Lake States.