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Platanus × acerifolia
Platanus × acerifolia, the London plane (syn. P. × hispanica), is a 17th-century hybrid of Oriental plane and American sycamore, a pollution-tolerant street tree up to 35 m with flaking mottled bark and paired fruit balls.
Platanus occidentalis
Platanus occidentalis, American sycamore or buttonwood, a large deciduous tree of eastern North American bottomlands, parent of the London plane hybrid, with white exfoliating bark, singly borne fruit-balls, and no major IUCN threats.
Platanus orientalis
Platanus orientalis, the oriental plane, is a large deciduous tree native from southeast Europe to northern Iran, grown for millennia as a shade tree and parent of the London plane.
Platycerium
Platycerium, commonly called staghorn fern or elkhorn fern, is a pantropical genus of about 18 species of epiphytic ferns named for their antler-like fertile fronds.
Platycladus orientalis
Platycladus orientalis (Chinese arborvitae, 侧柏, formerly Thuja orientalis) is the sole species of its genus, a Cupressaceae conifer native from the Russian Far East to east-central China and Korea, with vertical sprays, wingless seeds, and over 40 cultivars.
Platycodon grandiflorus
Platycodon grandiflorus, balloon flower (jiegeng, doraji, kikyo), sole species of its genus in Campanulaceae; East Asian perennial whose saponin-rich root is a traditional cough remedy, vegetable, and pharmacopoeial medicine.
Plectranthus
Plectranthus L'Hér., a mint-family (Lamiaceae) genus described in 1788, formerly held about 450 Old World tropical species; molecular phylogenetics split it in 2019, moving most species to Coleus and Equilabium, leaving 72 in Plectranthus sensu stricto.
Pleione
Pleione D.Don, a genus of small deciduous Himalayan orchids (Orchidaceae, Coelogyninae) with cormose pseudobulbs, about 26 species from Nepal to Taiwan, originating in the Hengduan Mountains.
Pleopeltis
Pleopeltis, a genus of about 96 polypody ferns (Polypodiaceae) native to the Americas, Africa, and Asia, includes the resurrection fern Pleopeltis polypodioides, which survives 95% water loss and revives within hours of rehydration.
Pleopeltis polypodioides
Pleopeltis polypodioides, the resurrection fern (syn. Polypodium polypodioides), is an epiphytic Polypodiaceae fern from S. Mexico to Tropical America that tolerates 95% water loss and revives within hours of rehydration.
Pleroma
Pleroma D.Don is a genus of about 157 to 181 species of Melastomataceae shrubs and trees native from Puerto Rico to southern tropical America, resurrected from Tibouchina in 2019 and including the ornamental glory bush Pleroma urvilleanum.
Pleurocarpous moss orders outside Hypnales
The pleurocarpous moss orders outside Hypnales are the early-diverging lineages Hookeriales, Hypnodendrales, Ptychomniales, and Rhizogoniales, which split off before the enormous order Hypnales radiated and are central to research on the origins of pleurocarpy.
Pleurothallidinae
Pleurothallidinae, the largest orchid subtribe (Epidendreae), over 5,000 Neotropical fly-pollinated species in 44 genera including Pleurothallis, Masdevallia, Dracula, Stelis; rapid Andean radiation, dismembered polyphyletic Pleurothallis in 2001.
Plukenetia
Plukenetia (sacha inchi, Inca peanut) is a pantropical genus of 25 liana and vine species in Euphorbiaceae, defined by 4-carpellate fruits and basilaminar nectaries; P. volubilis seeds yield omega-3-rich oil.
Plukenetia volubilis
Plukenetia volubilis, or sacha inchi, Inca peanut, maní estrella: a Euphorbiaceae climbing shrub native to South Tropical America, grown for seeds rich in omega-3 oil and protein.
Plum
Plum: stone fruit of Prunus, chiefly European plum Prunus domestica (hexaploid, prune and jam uses) and Japanese plum Prunus salicina (diploid, fresh market); second stone fruit crop after peach, ~12 million tons.
Plum-cherry hybrid
Plum-cherry hybrid, also sold as pluerry, plumcherry, or cherry plum, is an interspecific Prunus cross between plum and cherry; cultivars include Candy Heart, Sugar Twist, Sweet Treat, Nadia, and hardy P. besseyi bush hybrids.
Plumbaginaceae
Plumbaginaceae (leadwort family) is a Caryophyllales family of herbs and shrubs, sister to Polygonaceae, with 5-merous flowers, one ovule, salt-secreting glands, and genera such as Plumbago, Limonium, and Armeria.
Plumbago zeylanica
Plumbago zeylanica, commonly wild plumbago or Chitraka, is a scrambling shrub native to the tropics and subtropics, best known as a source of the bioactive compound plumbagin.
Plumeria
Plumeria, commonly known as frangipani or dok champa, is a genus of about 11 species of shrubs and small trees native to tropical America, grown for its fragrant, waxy flowers.
Plumeria rubra
Plumeria rubra, frangipani or temple tree (Apocynaceae), a deciduous tree native from Mexico to Venezuela, widely cultivated in the tropics for fragrant white, pink, yellow, or red flowers; IUCN least concern, medicinally used, low weed risk.
Poa alpina
Poa alpina (alpine meadow grass, alpine bluegrass) is a perennial Northern Hemisphere grass with seed-producing and pseudoviviparous bulbil forms; bulbil plants dominate at high elevation and it is a key Alpine fodder grass.
Poa annua
Poa annua (annual bluegrass, annual meadow-grass) is a widespread temperate grass, an allotetraploid hybrid of P. infirma and P. supina of Mediterranean origin, a major turf weed and forage grass that is often actually perennial.
Poa bulbosa
Poa bulbosa, bulbous bluegrass, is a tufted Poaceae grass native from Europe to Xinjiang and the Himalaya, introduced in North America, Australia, and Japan, reproducing by bulbils (pseudovivipary) and apomixis, dormant in summer, and used as early spring sheep forage.
Poa pratensis
Poa pratensis, known as Kentucky bluegrass or smooth meadow grass, is a perennial sod-forming grass and a major lawn and pasture grass in North America.
Poa trivialis
Poa trivialis (rough-stalked meadow-grass, roughstalk bluegrass) is a stoloniferous perennial Poaceae grass native to temperate Eurasia, North Africa, and Macaronesia, used for forage and turf, a lawn weed, and a Pacific Northwest seed contaminant.
Poaceae
Poaceae (Gramineae), the grass family of Poales, has c. 11,800 species in 791 genera and 12 subfamilies, noded culms, spikelets, and caryopsis fruits; crown age 98.54 Ma on West Gondwana, with wheat, rice, and maize among its crops.
Poales
Poales is a large monocot order of flowering plants in the Commelinid clade, with over 20,000 species in 16 families including Poaceae (grasses), Cyperaceae (sedges), and Bromeliaceae; it dominates savannas and wetlands and includes rice, wheat, maize, and pineapple.
Poblano
Poblano (chile poblano), a mild Capsicum annuum chili from Puebla, Mexico; 1,000-2,000 SHU; dried form is the ancho; used in chiles rellenos and chiles en nogada; Mexico produced 365,790 tonnes in 2024.
Podocarp-broadleaf forests of New Zealand
Podocarp-broadleaf forests of New Zealand are the country's characteristic lowland rainforest, where podocarps such as rimu, kahikatea, mataī, and tōtara emerge 30–50 m above a broadleaf canopy.