4,295 articles
Crepis
Crepis (hawksbeards) is a genus of about 200 Asteraceae herbs of the Northern Hemisphere and tropical African mountains, type species C. biennis, shown by molecular data to be polyphyletic as circumscribed by Babcock's 1947 monograph.
Crescentia cujete
Crescentia cujete, the calabash tree (calabazo, totumo, cuieira), is a bat-pollinated Bignoniaceae tree native from Mexico to Venezuela and the Caribbean, bearing 15–30 cm hard-shelled fruits used as bowls, containers, and musical instruments; IUCN least concern.
Crinum
Crinum (Cape lily, giant lily) is a pantropical genus of about 65–130 bulbous Amaryllidaceae species with umbels of lily-like flowers, alkaloid-rich bulbs used in traditional medicine, and the ornamental hybrid Crinum × amabile.
Cripps Pink
Cripps Pink, sold as Pink Lady® when it meets brand standards, is a 1973 Australian apple cultivar by John Cripps from Golden Delicious × Lady Williams: firm, high-acid, late-season, trademarked in 80+ countries.
Crithmum maritimum
Crithmum maritimum, known as rock samphire or sea fennel, is a perennial coastal plant in the carrot family, native from western Europe to the Mediterranean and valued as an edible halophyte.
Crocosmia
Crocosmia, also known as montbretia, is a genus of about 10 cormous perennials in the iris family, native from Sudan to South Africa and grown for arching summer flower spikes.
Crocus
Crocus, genus of corm-bearing Iridaceae perennials native from the Mediterranean to Xinjiang, 257 accepted species; includes saffron Crocus sativus, a sterile triploid derived from Crocus cartwrightianus, domesticated in Bronze Age Greece.
Crocus sativus
Crocus sativus, the saffron crocus, is a sterile triploid Iridaceae herb domesticated in ancient Greece from C. cartwrightianus; its hand-picked red stigmas yield saffron, graded by ISO 3632 via crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal.
Crocus vernus
Crocus vernus, the Dutch or spring crocus, is a dwarf perennial iris-family plant native to the Alps and western Balkans, with purple, white, or striped early-spring flowers.
Cronartium ribicola
Cronartium ribicola, white pine blister rust, is an Asian-origin rust fungus of five-needle pines requiring Ribes alternate hosts; introduced to North America around 1910, it causes lethal cankers and drove a vast, failed eradication program ending in 1967.
Crotalaria
Crotalaria (rattlebox) is a genus of about 717 accepted legume species (Fabaceae, tribe Crotalarieae) native from the tropics and subtropics to central and eastern USA, centered in Africa and Madagascar, containing toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids and including the crop sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea).
Crotalaria juncea
Crotalaria juncea (sunn hemp, Indian hemp) is a tropical Fabaceae annual legume from Afghanistan to Indo-China, grown for bast fiber, green manure, and weed- and nematode-suppressing cover crops, fixing 50–60 kg N/ha in 60–90 days.
Croton (plant)
Croton (plant): large Euphorbiaceae genus published by Linnaeus in 1753, about 1,100–1,300 species, mostly Neotropical; diterpenoid-rich, medicinal, and often confused with the ornamental Codiaeum variegatum.
Croton lechleri
Croton lechleri (sangre de grado, dragon's blood) is a South American Euphorbiaceae tree whose red latex yields crofelemer (Mytesi), an FDA-approved antidiarrheal for HIV/AIDS patients.
Crown rust
Crown rust, or oat crown rust, is a fungal disease of oats caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, spread by buckthorn alternate hosts, causing 10-40% yield losses worldwide and distinguished from oat stem rust by small orange pustules.
Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables, also called Brassica vegetables, include broccoli, cabbage, kale, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, and turnips; they contain glucosinolates converted by myrosinase into isothiocyanates such as sulforaphane.
Cryptocarya
Cryptocarya R.Br. (synonym Ravensara) is a pantropical genus of about 250-364 evergreen laurel trees and shrubs in Lauraceae, recognized by fruit fully enclosed in the accrescent floral tube, rich in alkaloids and alpha-pyrones.
Cryptomeria
Cryptomeria, known as Japanese cedar or sugi (スギ), is a monotypic genus of evergreen conifers native to Japan and China and Japan's most widely planted timber tree.
Ctenitis
Ctenitis (C.Chr.) C.Chr. is a pantropical fern genus of Dryopteridaceae with about 125–147 species, recognized by ctenitoid hairs, tufted fronds on erect rhizomes, and centers of diversity in the Neotropics and Western Indian Ocean islands.
Cucumber
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), a Cucurbitaceae vine crop from India with wild progenitor var. hardwickii; grown as slicing, pickling, and parthenocarpic greenhouse types, harvested immature and eaten fresh or pickled.
Cucumis
Cucumis, a Cucurbitaceae genus described by Linnaeus in 1753, includes cucumber (C. sativus) and melon (C. melo); molecular phylogenetics recircumscribed it to include five former genera, extending its range to Australia.
Cucumis melo
Cucumis melo, the melon species including muskmelon, cantaloupe, honeydew, and snake melon, is a diploid Cucurbitaceae vine domesticated independently in Asia and Africa, with remains from 3700–3500 BC Egypt and 3000 BC China.
Cucumis metuliferus
Cucumis metuliferus, the kiwano or African horned melon, is a spiny annual Cucurbitaceae vine from Africa whose orange-red horned fruit is eaten and whose nematode and virus resistance makes it a melon rootstock.
Cucurbita
Cucurbita, the squash and pumpkin genus of the gourd family, native to the Americas with five domesticated species (pepo, maxima, moschata, argyrosperma, ficifolia), domesticated from about 10,000 years ago.
Cucurbita maxima
Cucurbita maxima (winter squash; Hubbard squash, buttercup squash, giant pumpkin) is a domesticated Cucurbitaceae species of exclusively South American origin, with wild progenitor C. andreana, spread worldwide in the 19th century.
Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo, the species covering zucchini, pumpkins, acorn and crookneck squash, and ornamental gourds; three subspecies, 10 cultivar-groups, domesticated twice in North America, most economically important Cucurbita.
Cucurbitaceae
Cucurbitaceae, the gourd family, is a plant family of about 95 genera and 1,000 species of tendril-bearing vines in Cucurbitales, supplying cucumber, melon, watermelon, squash, and pumpkin; Asian Late Cretaceous origin, crops domesticated from c. 11,000 years ago.
Cucurbitales
Cucurbitales, the gourd and begonia order of flowering plants, a fabid rosid order of seven or eight families including Cucurbitaceae and Begoniaceae, sister to Fagales, with mostly unisexual flowers and major crops like squash, cucumber, and watermelon.
Culantro
Eryngium foetidum, culantro, recao, chadon beni, sawtooth or Mexican coriander: a spiny-leaved biennial Apiaceae herb native to tropical America, coriander-flavored via eryngial ((E)-2-dodecenal), used as a culinary and medicinal herb across the tropics.
Culcita (fern)
Culcita is a two-species genus of tree ferns (Culcitaceae, Cyatheales): trunkless Culcita coniifolia of American tropical cloud forests and Culcita macrocarpa, the Near Threatened woolly tree fern of Macaronesia and Iberia.