72,234 articles
HNC study
HNC study: clinical research on head and neck cancer, chiefly rehabilitation and survivorship trials such as RPC, CaRe, GRRAND-F, and NUTRI-HAB, targeting dysphagia, lymphedema, and quality of life.
HNF1A
HNF1A (TCF1, MODY3) is a human gene on chromosome 12q24.31 encoding the HNF-1α transcription factor that regulates liver-specific and beta-cell genes; pathogenic variants cause HNF1A-MODY, treatable with low-dose sulfonylureas, and somatic biallelic loss drives hepatocellular adenomas.
HNF1B
HNF1B (TCF2), a transcription factor gene on chromosome 17q12; heterozygous variants or deletions cause renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (MODY5), the commonest monogenic cause of developmental kidney disease, with hypomagnesemia, gout, and pancreatic hypoplasia.
HNF4A
HNF4A (NR2A1), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, is a chromosome 20q13.12 gene encoding a homodimeric nuclear receptor transcription factor regulating liver and pancreatic beta cell genes; mutations cause MODY1 and congenital hyperinsulinism.
HNRNPA1-related adult-onset distal myopathy
HNRNPA1-related adult-onset distal myopathy, also called distal myopathy type 3 (MPD3) or Finnish upper limb-onset distal myopathy, is a rare autosomal dominant HNRNPA1 gene muscle disease causing adult-onset hand and foot weakness with rimmed vacuoles; no approved treatment exists.
HNRNPA2B1
HNRNPA2B1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1, also HNRPA2, IBMPFD2) is a human chromosome 7p15.2 gene encoding a 353-amino-acid RNA-binding protein with two RRM domains that packages pre-mRNA, reads m6A marks, stabilizes transcripts, and causes multisystem proteinopathy when mutated.
HNRNPC
HNRNPC (hnRNP C1/C2) is a human chromosome 14 gene encoding a poly-U-binding nuclear RNA-binding protein, a 40S hnRNP particle component, indirect m6A reader via the m6A-switch, splicing regulator, and neurodevelopmental disorder and cancer gene.
HNRNPD
HNRNPD, also called AUF1, is a human chromosome 4 gene encoding an RNA-binding protein with four splice isoforms (p37, p40, p42, p45) that binds AU-rich mRNA elements, regulating mRNA decay, translation, telomeres, and immune and cancer gene expression.
HNRNPK
HNRNPK (hnRNP K, AUKS, CSBP) is a human gene at 9q21.32 encoding a 463-aa, ~66 kDa DNA/RNA-binding protein with three KH domains that binds poly(C), coactivates p53, and acts as dual oncogene and tumor suppressor.
HNRNPU
HNRNPU, also called SAF-A or hnRNP U, is a DNA- and RNA-binding nuclear matrix protein on chromosome 1q44 that stabilizes 3D genome architecture, tethers XIST and FIRRE RNAs, and causes neurodevelopmental disorder and lymphoma when mutated.
HNRP A1 (HNRNPA1)
hnRNP A1 (HNRNPA1), an abundant RNA-binding protein at 12q13.13 with two RRMs, RGG box, and M9 shuttling domain; regulates splicing, telomerase, stress granules, IRES translation; ALS/MSP mutations.
HNVAC
HNVAC is an inactivated, monovalent H1N1 2009 pandemic flu vaccine from Bharat Biotech of Hyderabad, India, launched in 2010 as India's first cell-culture swine flu vaccine.
Hoary marmot
Hoary marmot (Marmota caligata), the whistle pig, a large social alpine ground squirrel from Alaska to Montana. Black-footed (caligata means booted), burrow-dwelling, hibernating, IUCN Least Concern but snowpack-sensitive.
Hoatzin
Hoatzin (Opisthocomus hoazin), also called stinkbird or Canje pheasant, sole species of Opisthocomiformes in Amazon and Orinoco basins; leaf-eating foregut fermenter whose clawed-wing chicks climb and swim.
Hobnail hemangioma
Hobnail hemangioma, also called targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma (THH), is a rare benign cutaneous vascular tumor first described in 1988, with hobnail endothelial cells, a biphasic dermal growth pattern, and a targetoid clinical appearance.
Hobo spider
Hobo spider (Eratigena agrestis, formerly Tegenaria agrestis), a European funnel-web spider (Agelenidae) introduced to the Pacific Northwest; once feared as necrotic, now not considered medically important.
Hodgkin lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma, also called Hodgkin disease, is a B-cell cancer of the immune system defined by Reed-Sternberg cells, with classic and nodular lymphocyte-predominant types, high cure rates, ABVD or BEACOPP chemotherapy, and PET-adapted treatment.
Hoe (tool)
Hoe (tool): an angled-blade hand tool on a long handle for digging and weeding; types include draw, Dutch, and scuffle/stirrup (hula, action, oscillating) hoes; used since the Bronze Age and still central to smallholder farming.
Hoechst AG
Hoechst AG, formerly Farbwerke Hoechst, was a German chemical and pharmaceutical company founded in 1863 near Frankfurt as a coal tar dye factory; it joined I. G. Farben, produced Salvarsan and Lasix, and merged into Aventis in 1999, later Sanofi.
Hofbauer cell
Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are fetal-origin macrophages residing in human placental chorionic villi, the only significant immune cell population of the healthy placenta. M2-like, pro-angiogenic cells involved in morphogenesis, homeostasis, infection response, and vertical pathogen transmission.
Hoffmann's reflex
Hoffmann's reflex (Hoffmann sign, finger flexor reflex): bedside flick of the middle finger causing thumb and finger flexion, an upper-limb corticospinal tract sign; distinct from Paul Hoffmann's electrically evoked H-reflex.
Höganäs Formation
Höganäs Formation (Höganäsformationen), Rhaetian–Hettangian (Upper Triassic–Lower Jurassic) mudstone, sandstone and coal unit in Skåne, southern Sweden; Vallåkra, Bjuv, Helsingborg members; coal mined until 1961; rich Rhaetian floras.
Hogeweyk
De Hogeweyk, the original dementia village in Weesp, Netherlands, opened 2009: a gated nursing home where ~152 people with severe dementia live in lifestyle-matched shared houses with shops, pub, and theater; antipsychotic use reportedly fell to ~12%.
Hogna carolinensis
Hogna carolinensis, the Carolina wolf spider or giant wolf spider, is a large North American Lycosidae wolf spider from Canada to Mexico, largest US wolf spider, official state spider of South Carolina since 2000.
Hognose
Hognose snakes, genus Heterodon, are North American colubrids with upturned snouts, including the eastern, western, Mexican, and southern hognose, known for bluffing displays and death-feigning defense.
Hogtie
Hogtie (hog-tie, hog-tying): restraint binding an animal's four legs or a person's wrists and ankles together; coined 1887 from hog + tie. Used in livestock handling, restricted by welfare rules, and banned or discouraged in policing due to suffocation risk.
Hoh Rainforest
Hoh Rainforest, in Olympic National Park, Washington, is an old-growth temperate rainforest on the Hoh River receiving about 140 inches of rain yearly, known for the Hall of Mosses trail, moss-draped giants, and its 2025 road-washout closure.
Hohenbuehelia
Hohenbuehelia (Nematoctonus) is a genus of nematode-trapping pleurotoid fungi in Pleurotaceae, sister to Pleurotus, with about 50 accepted species, gelatinous cap flesh, and metuloid cystidia.
HOHO study
HOHO (Helping Ourselves, Helping Others), the Young Women's Breast Cancer Study (YWS), NCT01468246: prospective cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer at age 40 or younger, with North American (1,302 women) and European IBCSG 43-09 (300 women) cohorts studying fertility, psychosocial, and treatment outcomes over 10 years.
Hok/sok system
Hok/sok is a type I toxin-antitoxin system on E. coli plasmid R1: the Sok antisense RNA represses the pore-forming Hok toxin mRNA, killing plasmid-free daughter cells and stabilizing the plasmid.