72,234 articles
Hymenopus coronatus
Hymenopus coronatus, the orchid mantis, is a Southeast Asian flower-mimicking mantis (Olivier, 1792) whose UV-absorbing white coloration and honeybee chemical mimicry lure pollinators better than real flowers; females reach 60–65 mm versus 25–30 mm males.
Hymexazol
Hymexazol (3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole, Tachigaren) is a systemic soil and seed fungicide developed by Sankyo, controlling Pythium, Fusarium, Aphanomyces, and Corticium damping-off via DNA synthesis interference.
Hynek Wichterle
Hynek Wichterle is a molecular biologist and stem-cell neuroscientist at Columbia University known for directing embryonic stem cells to become motor neurons and modeling ALS.
Hynobius
Hynobius, Asian salamanders, is a genus of 72 small salamander species in the family Hynobiidae, native to Japan, Korea, China, and Tajikistan, with external fertilization and paired egg sacs.
Hyo‐Soo Kim
Hyo-Soo Kim (김효수) is a South Korean cardiologist, professor of internal medicine at Seoul National University, known for large randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy after coronary stenting and cardiovascular stem cell research.
Hyoid bone
Hyoid bone: free-floating U-shaped neck bone of body, greater horns, and lesser horns, anchoring tongue and swallowing muscles; fractures of the greater horns indicate neck violence, and shape varies widely between individuals.
Hyolithes
Hyolithes: namesake genus of hyoliths, extinct conical-shelled lophotrochozoans with an operculum and, in hyolithids, helens; Cambrian to end-Permian, phylogenetic position debated.
Hyon K. Choi
Hyon K. Choi, also published as Hyon-Kyoo Choi, is a Korean-born rheumatologist and epidemiologist, Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, known for research on gout.
Hyongbum Henry Kim
Hyongbum Henry Kim (김형범) is a South Korean pharmacologist and genome-editing researcher, professor of pharmacology at Yonsei University College of Medicine, known for CRISPR delivery and prime-editing research.
Hyoscine butylbromide
Hyoscine butylbromide, also called butylscopolamine and best known as Buscopan, is an antispasmodic drug used since 1951 to relieve abdominal cramps, irritable bowel syndrome, and spasms of the urinary tract.
Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine, a tropane alkaloid from Atropa belladonna and the L-isomer of atropine, is an antimuscarinic antispasmodic used for GI spasm and IBS, with weak efficacy evidence and anticholinergic side effects.
Hyoscyamus
Hyoscyamus (henbane) is a Solanaceae genus of about 23 herb species native from Macaronesia and Africa to temperate Eurasia, source of tropane alkaloids hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and tropine; sister genus Anisodus, type species H. niger.
Hyoscyamus niger
Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane, stinking nightshade, tian xian zi) is a poisonous Solanaceae herb native from the Mediterranean to Iran, containing the tropane alkaloids hyoscyamine and scopolamine, used since antiquity as a sedative and analgesic.
HYOU1
HYOU1 (GRP170, ORP150) is a 999-amino-acid ER chaperone of the HSP70 superfamily on chromosome 11q23.3, induced by hypoxia and glucose starvation, acting as chaperone and BiP nucleotide exchange factor, upregulated in many cancers.
Hypacanthoplites
Hypacanthoplites is an extinct genus of ammonite cephalopods in the family Parahoplitidae, established in 1923 and known from late Aptian to early Albian rocks of the Early Cretaceous.
Hyparrhenia
Hyparrhenia (thatching grass) is an African-centered genus of about 58 accepted C4 grasses in tribe Andropogoneae, family Poaceae, valued for thatch and young forage, with H. rufa, H. hirta, and H. filipendula the best-known species.
Hyper-empathy
Hyper-empathy (hyperempathy) is above-average, overwhelming empathy, not a DSM-5 diagnosis; described mainly by autistic people and framed by Smith's empathy imbalance hypothesis of high affective with low cognitive empathy.
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Hyperactive bowel sounds (borborygmi) are abnormally loud, increased gurgling intestinal noises, ICD-11 ME03.0, caused by diarrhea, eating, IBD, GI bleeding, or early bowel obstruction, with limited auscultation reliability.
Hyperacusis
Hyperacusis is reduced tolerance to everyday sounds, perceived as too loud or painful despite normal hearing. Prevalence 9-15%; subtypes include loudness and pain hyperacusis; treated with sound desensitization and counseling.
Hyperaemia
Hyperaemia (hyperemia) is increased blood flow to tissue causing engorgement; forms include active (functional), reactive (post-ischaemic), and passive (congestion). Covers mediators (NO, adenosine, K+, CO2), measurement (RHI, FMD, plethysmography), coronary FFR ≤0.80 and iFR ≤0.89 thresholds, and stress agents.
Hyperaesthesia
Hyperaesthesia, also spelled hyperesthesia, is increased sensitivity to stimulation excluding the special senses (ICD-11 MB40.5), a symptom of peripheral and central sensitization commonly accompanying neuropathic pain, caused by nerve injury, metabolic, infectious, autoimmune, or toxic conditions.
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperaldosteronism (primary aldosteronism, Conn's syndrome): excess adrenal aldosterone with suppressed renin, causing hypertension in about 5-10% of hypertensive adults, with elevated cardiovascular risk; treated by adrenalectomy or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists.
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia is increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain, an IASP-defined clinical sign of peripheral or central sensitization; distinguished from allodynia, assessed by quantitative sensory testing, and seen after injury, neuropathy, and opioid use.
Hyperammonemia
Hyperammonemia is excess blood ammonia, mainly from urea cycle disorders (incidence 1:35,000, OTC deficiency X-linked) or liver failure and drugs. Treated with protein restriction, nitrogen scavengers, and dialysis; peak ammonia above 1000 μmol/L predicts poor outcome.
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency
Hyperammonemic encephalopathy due to carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency (CA5AD, CA-VA deficiency) is a rare autosomal recessive CA5A disorder causing neonatal hyperammonemia, lactic acidosis, and ketonuria, treated with carglumic acid.
Hyperandrogenism
Hyperandrogenism: excess androgen production or effect, mainly in women, causing hirsutism, acne, and alopecia. Most often from PCOS (5-10% of reproductive age women); diagnosed by testosterone testing, managed with contraceptives, antiandrogens, hair removal.
HyperArc stereotactic radiosurgery
HyperArc is an automated single-isocenter, non-coplanar VMAT technique for linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial targets, developed by Varian for multi-metastasis cases and first used clinically in August 2017.
Hyperbaric medicine
Hyperbaric medicine treats disease with 100% oxygen breathed in a chamber pressurized above sea level (HBOT, UHMS minimum 1.4 ATA), chiefly for decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, and nonhealing wounds, with pressure- and oxygen-related side effects.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a medical treatment in which a patient breathes pure oxygen inside a pressurized chamber, used for decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, and diabetic wounds.
Hyperbiliverdinemia
Hyperbiliverdinemia (green jaundice, ORPHA:276405, OMIM 614156) is a rare genetic hepatic disease with green skin, urine, and plasma from elevated biliverdin, linked to BLVRA variants plus biliary obstruction or liver failure.